Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pathogenic Spirochetes
Pathogenic Spirochetes
Pathogenic Spirochetes
and Immunology
PATHOGENIC
SPIROCHETES
Treponema
Borrelia
Leptospira
Evolution of spiral-shaped
bacteria
Vibrio, Campylobacter, Helicpbacter
and Spirilla develop together with
Eubacteria.
Spirochetes are differed according to
their morphological and physiological
signs. There is hypothesis about their
intermediate evolution position
between Protozoa and Bacteria
Species
Treponema T.pallidum
T.pallidum
T. pallidum
T.arateum
T.vincentii
Borellia
Leptospira
Subspecie
s
pallidum
endemicu
m
Pertenue
Disease
Syphilis
Bejel
Yaws
Pinta
Vincents angina
B.recurrenti
s
B.caucasica
, B.duttoni,
B.persica
Epidemic relapcing
fever
Endemic relapsing fever
B.burgdorfe
ri
Lyme disease
Icterohaem
Leptospirosis
Spirochetes structure
Spirochetes morphology
Treponema
Leptospira
Borrelia
Spirochetes ultrastructure
Borrelia
Leptospira
Classification of Human
Terponema
Non-pathogenic
T.denticola
T.macrodenticum
T.orale
Conditionally
pathogenic
T.vincentii
Pathogenic
T.pallidum pallidum
(syphilis)
T.pallidum
endemicum (bejel)
T.pallidum pertenue
(yaws)
T.carateum (pinta)
Vincents angina
Treponema in tested
material
Hard chancre
Hetchinzone
teeth
Microbiologic diagnosis of
Syphilis
Microscopy (native an
fixed material)
Romanovsky-Giemsa
stain
Phase contrast
Dark field
Chain polymerase
reaction
Serologic diagnosis
Wassermanns test (CFT)
Sedimentation reartions
(hns and SachsWitebskys tests)
Microreaction of
Treponema pallidum
immobilization
IFT, ELYSA, IHAT
Tropic trepanematoses:
pinta (T.carateum), bejel
(T.endemicum), yaws (T.pertenue)
Yaws (tropic granuloma)
Yaws
Pinta
Bejel
Borrelia morphology
Lyme disease
Causative agents:
Borrelia burgdorferi
Borrelia garinii
Borrelia afzelii
B. burgdorferi
Leptospira morphology
Clinical findings of
leptospirosis
Morphlogy of Campylobacter
Morphlogy of Campylobacter
S-form
S-form
Comma-form
Spiral-shaped
form
C.
+
+
+
+
+
jejuni
C.coli
+
+
+
+
C.
+
+
+
fetus
H.pylo +
+
+
+
ri
Campylobacteriosis in
human
Chronic gastritis
Morphology of Helicobacter
Helicobacter pylori in
mucous membrane of a
stomach
Helicobacter
pylori
Peculiarities of Helicobacter
pylori
Cultivation of Helicobacter
pylori
H. pylory
1.
Infection develops in
antral part of stomach
2.
Inflammation causes
gastritis, duodenitis,
but sometimes it is
without any
symptoms
3.
Ulcer is result of
inflammation, its
complication perforation and
hemorrhage
Pathogenicity factors of
H.pylori
Enzymes of virulence:
Urease
Phospholipase
Proteases
dhesins
Toxins:
Endotoxin
Exotoxin-cytotoxin (factor which is
responcible for formation of vacuoles)
Positive results
Negative results
Survival factors of
Helicobacter pylori in a stomach
Neutralization of acidic
contents of the stomach
near bacteria (urease,
altruistic autolysis)
Active invasion in mucous
layer which covers stomach
epithelium (lophotrichates)
Ability to adhere to
epitheliocytes of stomach
(fimbria with hemagglutinin
activity)
Diagnousis of Helicobacter
pylori
Bacteriologic
Isolation of causative
agent
Hystologic
Examination of causative
agent in histological
sections and biopsy
specimen
Urease
Examination of
biochemical activity in
biopsy specimen
Respiratory
test
Immunologic
Examination of of urease
activity of causative
agent in the stomach with
help of C isotopes (13,
14
)
ELYSA, examination of
bacterial antigens in feces