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Concrete Admixtures
Concrete Admixtures
(090283106001]
WONJANBENI ODYUO(080280106306)
History:
Plasticizers - 1932
Air entraining admixtures - 1941
Super Plasticizers -1953
Hyper Plasticizers -1995
Mechanism of action:
1) Chemical integration in hydration: (accelerators and
retarders)
2) Surface acting type on cement surface causing better
particle dispersion(all plasticizers)
3) Increases viscosity of water (viscosity modifier used)
Dispersing plasticizers:
60% of admixtures used are dispersing admixtures like
plasticizers , super plasticizers , hyper plasticizers.
Causes reduction in viscosity and fluidity of the concrete
paste improved, therefore workability increases
Types of Admixtures:
1) Plasticizers:
) Reduces water content up to 5% to 12%
) Dosage: Requirement of admixture 0.2% to 0.6% of cement
) Materials: Ligno sulphonate , natural polymer from wood
after
removals of sugar
) Use: For low to medium slump concrete
2) Super plasticizers:
Reduces water content up to 12% to 30%
Dosage: Requirement of admixture 0.6% to 2% of cement.
Materials: sulphonate polymer of naphthalene or melamine
formaldehyde condensates and poly carboxylate
3) Hyper plasticizers:
Mainly based on poly carboxylic ether
All this are long chain poly carbonic molecules and they get
absorbed surfaces causes surface charges.
Mechanism of direction:
1)Plasticizers , Super plasticizers and Hyper plasticizers are water
reducers.
[They are surface acting agents and absorbed on the cement and
giving them negative charges leading to repulsion. In earlier by
adding water we do dispersion but now adding less water we get
dispersion because they are negative charges with less water
content.]
2) Negative charges also creates development of sheath of oriented
water molecules around cement particles.
3) Now , water is free from restraining mechanism and available
for lubrication. Earlier not available without plasticizers.
Without plasticizers
WRA
Concrete
ADD C+ W+
Strength same
workability increases
w/c ratio same
With plasticizers
ADD WRA-W
Strength >
workability
same
w\c ratio
reduces
ADD WRA-W-C
Strength same
workability
same
w/c ratio same
ADD WRA ONLY
Strength same
workability
increases
w/c ratio same
BRAND NAME
DISCRIPTION
FUNCTION
Fosroc Chemicals
Drive in road,
Ahmedabad
a) cobplast 211
b) conplast 337
c) conplast NC
Water reducer
Super plasticizer
Plasticizer
Increase workability
Gives high
workability
Retards setting time
Mc-Bauchemie
Pvt. Ltd.
Sector 17, Vashi
Mumbai
a) Emce plast BV
b) Zentrameny F BV
c) Centriplact T5 BV
Water reducer
Super plasticizer
Plasticizer
Increase workability
High early strength
Excellent
compatibility
Sika Oualcrete
Pvt. Ltd.
Park street,
Calcutta
a) platiment BV 40
b) sikamant FF
Plasticizer
Super plasticizer
Water reducer
HRWR
Roffe Chemicals
Pvt.
S.V. Road,
Santacruz
Mumbai
Plasticizer
Super plasticizer
Super plasticizer
Water reducer
High early strength
High performance
retarder
Function of a VMA:
To modify the rheological properties of the cement paste.
1) yield point : force needed to start the concrete moving.
2) plastic viscosity : resistance of a concrete to flow under
external stress.
APPLICATIONS OF VMA:
reduce segregation in highly flow able self compacting concrete
reduce washout in underwater concrete
reduce friction and pressure in pumped concrete
compensating for poor aggregate grading, especially a lack of
fines in the sand
reducing powder content in self compacting concrete
reduce bleeding in concrete
improve green strength in semi-dry concrete
Conclusion
The purpose of the addition of a VMA is to replace or limit the
addition of fines, thus making a fresh concrete more cohesive.
Different types of fines (cement types, fillers, fly ash, micro
silica etc. etc.) have different effects on the rheology of the fresh
mix, for this reason there are several types of VMA that
influence the rheology of the mix in a different ways.
Depending on the application or required effect, the addition of
a VMA might need an adjustment of the mix composition to
obtain the optimum effect.
The choice for a certain type of VMA therefore depends on both
the application that it is used for and the concrete mix
constituents.
References:
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