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Applet AWT: by Prof - Manikandan QMC, Chennai
Applet AWT: by Prof - Manikandan QMC, Chennai
By
Prof.Manikandan
QMC, Chennai.
manisankar27@gmail.com
1
TextComponent
Button
CheckBox
Choice
List
Container
Graphics
AWT
AWT - components for GUIs
AWT
AWT are used to make up a Graphical User Interface
(GUI)
The java.awt package provides a set of classes.
These classes are platform independent.
We construct a GUI by placing components within a
container.
Container
Panel
Applet
TextComponent
Window
Frame
TextField
Label
Button
TextArea
Dialog
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import java.applet.*;
import java.awt.*;
g.setFont(new Font("Arial",Font.BOLD,35));
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
Labels
A label is a component that will display a line of readonly text on the screen.
It has three constructors:
- Label()
Label Example
Example:
import java. awt.*;
public class LabelExample extends java. applet. Applet{
row number
public void init() {
column number
setLayout( new GridLayout( 1, 1));
add( new Label( left, Label. LEFT));
add( new Label( center, Label. CENTER));
add( new Label( right, Label. RIGHT));
}//end of init
}//end of LabelExample
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TextField Class
Text fields are a box into which a single line of text
may be placed.
Text fields are different from labels in that they can be
edited.
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TextArea Class
Text areas are like text fields except they can handle
larger amounts of text.
Text areas can be given any width and height and
have scroll bars by default.
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TextArea Class
There are five constructors for a TextArea object:
- TextArea()
creates an empty TextArea object
TextArea Class
-
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Button Class
Buttons are a simple UI component that triggers some
action
There are two constructors for a Button object:
- Button()
creates an empty button with no label
- Button( String label)
creates a button with the given string as a label
Button Class
An Example:
import java. awt.*;
public class ButtonExample extends java. applet. Applet {
public void init() {
add( new Button( Rewind));
add( new Button( Fast Forward));
add( new Button( Play));
add( new Button( Stop));
add( new Button( Pause));
}//end of init
}//end of ButtonExample
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Checkbox Class
Check boxes are UI components that have two states: on
and off (or checked and unchecked, or true and false)
used to indicate optional features of some other action.
Check boxes can be used in two ways:
- Nonexclusive
given a series of checkboxes, any of them can be selected;
can be checked or unchecked independently of each other
- Exclusive
given a series of checkboxes, only one can be selected at any one
time, also known as radio buttons or checkboxgroups
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Checkbox Class
Jan. 2004
- Checkbox()
creates a Checkbox with no label and false
- Checkbox( String label)
creates a Checkbox with the given label and initialized to
false
- Checkbox( String label, boolean state)
creates a Checkbox with the given label and state
- Checkbox( String label, boolean state, CheckboxGroup group)
- Checkbox( String label, CheckboxGroup group, boolean state)
The last two create a Checkbox with the label and state
specified as well as specifying a group that this Checkbox will belong
to.
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Checkbox Class
An Example:
import java. awt.*;
public class CheckboxExample extends java. applet. Applet {
public void init() {
setLayout( new FlowLayout( FlowLayout. LEFT));
add( new Checkbox( Red));
add( new Checkbox( Orange));
add( new Checkbox( Yellow));
add( new Checkbox( Green));
add( new Checkbox( Blue));
add( new Checkbox( Indigo));
add( new Checkbox( Violet));
}//end of init
}//end of CheckboxExample
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CheckBoxGroups
A CheckboxGroup is a collection of Checkboxes in
which
only one of them can be selected at one time; - also
known as radio buttons
To create a series of radio buttons, first create an
instance of CheckboxGroup
- ChecboxGroup cbg = new CheckboxGroup();
Then create and add the radio buttons into the group
- use either of the following two methods:
CheckBoxGroups
An Example:
{
CheckBoxGroups
Since CheckboxGroups only allow one button to be
selected at one time, the last Checkbox to be added to
the group with the state being true will be the one
selected by default.
So in the previous example, radio button with the label
three would be selected.
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Choice Class
Choice menus are more complex than labels, buttons,
or checkboxes.
Choice menus are pop-up or pull-down lists in which
an item can be selected.
To create a Choice menu, we first need an instance of
the Choice class and then add items to it.
The items added are enumerated from top to bottom
starting with the index 0.
One of the methods in this class to make note of is:
- String getSelectedItem()
returns the text of the current selection
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Choice Class
An Example:
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List Class
A List is functionally similar to a Choice menu in that
it lets you choose from a list, but Lists do not pop-up,
they are permanently displayed on the screen.
You can choose more than one item on the List if that
capability is enabled.
List items are enumerated from top to bottom starting
at index 0 just like a Choice menu.
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List Class
There are three constructors for a List object:
- List()
creates a default sized List object in single selection mode
- List( int rows)
creates a List object in single selection mode with the
number of rows given
- List( int rows, boolean multipleselection)
creates a List object with the specified number of rows.
The List is in multiple selection mode if the boolean argument is
true and single selection otherwise.
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