RABIES

MEDICAL FACULTY OF
BAITURRAHMAH UNIVERSITY

RABIES

WHAT IS RABIES ?
Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease that is
transmitted from animals to humans), which
is caused by a lyssavirus. Transmission of the
virus is achieved by entering the body
through wounds (e.g. scratches) or by direct
contact with mucosal surfaces from an
infected animal (e.g. bites), it cannot cross
intact
skin.
There
are
two
clinical
manifestations of rabies furious and
paralytic. Furious rabies is most common
form of human rabies.

RABIES VIRUS ?
SIZE 180X75 NM
SINGLE STRANDED RNA
INACTIVE ON HIGH TEMPERATURE 56 C
WILL DEATH WITH ETANOL 45%,SOLUSI JODIUM,DETERGEN.

HOW THE DISTRIBUTION ?

The global burden of rabies is estimated to be over 60 000 human

deaths per annum.

Official reports of cases of human rabies transmitted by dogs

decreased from about 250 in 1990 to fewer than 10 in 2010. The
Pan American Health Organization has set a target to eliminate
canine rabies from the Americas by 2015.
More human deaths from rabies occur in Asia than anywhere else
in the world, with estimates of human mortality due to endemic
canine rabies exceeding 30 000 per annum. Within Asia, India is
reported to have the highest incidence of rabies globally (20 565
deaths per annum). Africa is not far behind in numbers with 23
700 deaths per annum.
Little information is available on rabies in the Middle East or
Central Asia and more investigation into the scale of the burden
of rabies in much needed in these regions.

HOW THE SYMPTOMPS ?

1.PRODROMAL STADIUM (OCCUR 10 DAYS)
- INDICATION OF RESPIRATORY
- FEVER
- SORE SWALLOW
- SORE ABDOMEN
- HEADEACHE
- MALAISE,MIALGIA,
- VOMITTING
- NAUSEA,ANOREXIA
2.NEUROLOGIC STADIUM (2-7 DAYS)
A.FURIOUS SYMTOMPS
- HIDROFOBIA
- HALUSINATION
- FOTOPHOBIA
- AEROPHOBIA
- CONVULSIONS

B.PARALYTIC SYMTOPMS
- FEVER
- HEADEACHE
- PARALYSISE IN BITTEN AREA
- RESPIRATORY PARALYSISE
- DISORIENTATION
- PARAPLEGIA
- RESPIRATORY FAILURE
3.COMA STADIUM
IT OCCUR 10 DAYS WITH
INTENSIVE CARE, WILL
BE DIE AFTER COMA IF
NOT BE CARED INTENSIVELY

TREATMENT AND
PREVENTION
THERE IS NO THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WHO HAVE
SHOWN SYMPTOMPS OF RABIES.HANDLING IS ONLY A
SUPPORTIVE MEASURE IN THE TREATMENT OF HEART
FAILURE AND RESPIRATORY FAILURE.
IMPORTANT IN THE CONTROL OF RABIES PATIENTS IS
HYPOXIA,ARRHYTMIAS,ELECTROLYTE
DISTURBANCE,HYPOTENSION,CEREBRAL EDEMA.
THE PATIENTS OF RABIES CAN BE GIVING SOME
SEDATIFE DRUGS OR ANALGETIC DRUGS TO REDUCE
THE PAINFULL.

VACCINATE
1.VACCINATE POST-EXPOSURE
COMBINATE SERUM ANTI RABIES AND VACCINE
OR VACCINE ONLY.
(IM) TO DELTOIDEUS OR ANTEROLATERALIS
FEMURIS. 0,5 ml IN DAYS OF 0,3,7,12,28 (WHO
RECOMMENDED).
HARD BITTEN CONDITION MUST BE PROVIDING
SAR 20 IU/kgweight SINGLE DOSSAGE.

2.VACCINATED PRE-EXPOSURE
TO PREVENTING THE INFECTION,EARLY
PROTECTION MUST BE PROVIDING BY SAME
INJECTION
BUT
IN
DIFFERENT
TIME,DOSSAGE,AND THE STEPS
WITH DOSSAGE 1 ml (IM) IN DAYS 0,7 AND
28 AND THEN BOOSTER AFTER 1 YEARS AND
EVERY 5 YEARS.

THANK YOU