MUHAMAD FADZLI BIN YASIN

(MPP 141380)
PROF DR FAIZAH BT ABD GHANI

PELOPOR PENDEKATAN

SFBT

INSOO KIM BERG

Merupakan pengasas bersama untuk
Pendekatan Teori Berfokuskan Penyelesaian.
Sehingga kematiannya pada 2007, beliau ialah
Pengarah untuk Brief Family Therapy Center di
Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Beliau sering mengadakan bengkel di Amerika
Syarikat, Jepun, Korea Selatan, Australia,
Denmark, England dan Jerman.
Antara hasil penulisan beliau ialah Family
Based Services : A Solution-Focused Approach
(1994), Working With The Problem Drinker : A
Solution-Focused Approach (Berg & Miller, 1992),
dan Interviewing for Solutions (De Jong & Berg,
2008).

PELOPOR PENDEKATAN
SFBT
STEVE DE SHAZER
Merupakan salah seorang pengasas untuk
Pendekatan Teori Berfokuskan Penyelesaian.
Beliau merupakan suami kepada Berg dan
merupakan Pengarah Bahagian Kajian di Brief
Family Therapy Center di Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Beliau merupakan penceramah untuk
Bengkel, Kursus Latihan di North America,
Eropah, Australia, dan Asia. Meninggal pada
September 2005.
Antara hasil penulisan beliau ialah Keys To
Solutions In Brief Therapy (1988), Putting
Difference To Work (1991), dan Words Were
Originally Magic (1994).

FOCUS ON
SOLUTIONS,
NOT
PROBLEMS

POSITIVE
ORIENTATION

KEY
CONCEPTS

BASIC
ASSUMPTIONS
GUIDING
PRACTICE

LOOKING FOR
WHAT IS
WORKING

POSITIVE
ORIENTATION

Grounded on the optimistic assumption that people are

resourceful and competent and have ability to construct
solutions that can change the direction of their lives.

SFBT counselors engage in conversations with their clients

about what is going well, future possibilities, and what will
likely lead to a sense of accomplishment. Builds on existing
positive dimensions such as strengths of the person and
solutions that are already working for the person in other
circumstances.
SFBT counselors counter this negative client presentation
with optimistic conversations that highlight a belief in
achievable and usable goals. Together client and counselor
construct solutions, and counselors encourage clients to
write a different story that can lead to a new ending.

FOCUS ON
SOLUTIONS,
NOT
PROBLEMS

Counselors encourage clients to create a picture of what

their world will look like when they are functioning
successfully, this will send a clear message to clients about
their abilities to overcome their problems.
It is not necessary to know the cause of a problem to solve
it and that there is no necessary relationship between
problems and their solutions.
Any person might consider multiple solutions, and what is
right for one person may not be right for another.

Clients choose the goals they wish to accomplish, and little

attention is given to diagnosis, history taking, analysis of
dysfunctional interactions, or exploration of the problem.

LOOKING FOR
WHAT IS
WORKING

Emphasizes finding out what people are doing that is

working and then helps them to apply this knowledge to
eliminate problems in the shortest amount of time possible.

A key concept is, Once you know what works, do more of

it. If something is not working, clients are encouraged to
do something different.
Look back over your week and tell me what seemed to go
slightly better for each of you.
de Shazer (1991) prefers to engage clients in conversations
that lead to progressive narratives whereby people create
situations in which they can make steady gains toward
their goals.
Tell me about times when you felt a little better and
when things were going your way.

BASIC
ASSUMPTIONS
GUIDING
PRACTICE

If group members can reorient themselves in the

direction of their strengths using solution-talk, there is a
chance group counseling can be brief.
Members of group have a capability of behaving
effectively.
There are exceptions to every problem, or times when the
problem was minimal or even absent.
Clients often present only one side of themselves. SFBT
group leaders invite members to examine another side of
the story they are presenting.
Once change has been made, it will lead to other small
changes. Any problem is solved one step at a time.
People want to change, have a capacity to change, and
are doing their best to make change happen.
Group members can be trusted in thier intention to
create solutions to their problems.

The Process Of
The SolutionFocused Group

SETTING THE TONE FOR THE GROUP

How can I be useful to you?

I would like each of you to introduce

yourself. As you do, give us a sense of
what you are here for.

BEGINNING TO SET GOALS

What will be different in your life when

this problem is no longer prominent?

What will be going on in the future that

will tell you and us that things are better
for you?

SEARCHING FOR EXCEPTIONS TO THE PROBLEM

Lets talk about the times before your problem started to interfere in you life. What
were you doing at those times that kept the problem at bay?

ENCOURAGING MOTIVATION

Someday, when your concerns are

less problematic to you, what will
you be doing?

In this group, who did you notice who

became less preoccupied with the problem
and appeared to be more problem free?

ASSISTING GROUP MEMBERS WITH TASK DEVELOPMENT

Now lets consider what you might do
before we meet next time to keep these
problems smaller.

As we close for today, I want to suggest

that each of you monitor your daily
activities until our next session.

THE NEXT GROUP SESSION

Who wants to begin today by telling us what has gone better for you since our last
meeting?

Therapeutic
Techniques and
Procedures

PRETHERAPY CHANGE

EXCEPTION QUESTIONS

THE MIRACLE QUESTION

SCALING QUESTION

FORMULA FIRST SESSION TASK

GROUP LEADER FEEDBACK TO

GROUP MEMBERS