OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

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 Harry McShane,
age 16, 1908.
Pulled into
machinery in a
factory in USA.
His arm was
ripped off at the
shoulder and
his leg broken.
No
compensation
paid.
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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AIM
"the promotion and maintenance of
the highest degree of physical,
mental and social well-being of
workers in all occupations"

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CONTENT
Health promotion of workers
Prevention of occupational diseases
Roles and responsibilities of
occupational health nurse
Administration of occupational
health services
International organizations
Women and occupational health
Child labour and prevention
Values at workplace
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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
Recommendations by ILO /
WHO
committee
on
occupational health in 1953

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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS

Nutrition
Communicable disease control
Environmental sanitation
Mental health
Measures for women and
children
Health education
Family planning
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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
NUTRITION

Malnutrition
Canteen /250
workers
Diet and snacks at
reasonable rates
Store /dining room
Health education
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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS

COMMNICABLE
DISEASE CONTROL

Early diagnosis/Rx
Cases isolated from
working environment
Protective measures
Regular Medical
checkup &
Immunisation
TB,Typhoid,hepatitis,m
alaria, venereal
diseases
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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
ENVIRONMENTAL
SANITATION

Water supply
Food
Toilet
General cleanliness
Space
Lighting
Ventillation/Temperatur
e
Protection from hazards
Housing
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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
MENTAL HEALTH
Promote health and
happiness
Detect signs of
emotional stress
Identify the cause
Treatment
Rehabilitation of
the ill
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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
MEASURES FOR
WOMEN
&CHILDREN
Maternity leave for 12
weeks with cash benefit
under ESI act
Ante/Intra/Postnatal
services
Prohibition of night work
Prohibits of work
underground
Crches
No child below 14 shall be
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employed

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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
HEALTH EDUCATION
Important health
promotional measure
Provided whenever
necessary
Content
Hygiene, participation

At all levels
Management
Supervisors
Workers
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Trade union leaders

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HEALTH PROMOTION OF
WORKERS
FAMILY PLANNING
Encouraged to
adopt small family
norm
Health education

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PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL
DISEASES
MEDICAL MEASURES
ENGINEERING MEASURES
LEGISLATIVE MEASURES

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MEDICAL MEASURES
PRE PLACEMENT
EXAMINATION
PERIODICAL EXAMINATION
MEDICAL & HEALTH CARE
SERVICE
NOTIFICATION
SUPERVISION OF
WORKING ENVIRONMENT
MAINTANANCE & ANALYSIS
OF RECORDS
HEALTH EDUCATION &
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COUNSELLING

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ENGINEERING MEASURES

DESIGN OF BUILDING
GOOD HOUSEKEEPING
GENERAL VENTILATION
MECHANISATION
SUBSTITUTION
DUSTS
ENCLOSURE
ISOLATION
LOCAL EXHAUST
VENTILATION
PROTECTIVE DEVICES
RESEARCH
STATISTICAL MONITORING
ENVIRONMENTAL
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MONITORING

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LEGISLATIVE MEASURES
The Factories Act, 1948
The Employees State
Insurance Act, 1948
Mine & Mineral Act,
(Development & Regulation)
Act, 1957
Noise Pollution (Regulation
& Control ) Rules, 2000
The Child Labour
(Prohibition & Regulation)
Act, 1986
The Air (Prevention &
Control of Pollution ) Act,
1981
Maternity Benefit Act (1961)
Minimum
wages Act
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THE FACTORIES ACT,

1948
Factories act enacted
in 1881
The act amended in 1911, 1934, 1948, 1976,
1987
Factory: establishment employing 10 or more
workers where power is used, and 20 or more
workers where power is not used.
Prescribed working hours, holidays and
employment of young men and women.
Prohibits employment of children under 14
years
Adolescents should be duly certified by
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certifying surgeons regarding fitness to work

THE FACTORIES ACT,

1948
Chapter III (Section 11-20) deals with
health aspects
Chapter IV (Section 21-40) deals with
safety aspects
Chapter V deals with welfare aspects
Chapter VI deals with work hours
holidays interval
Chapter VII deals with employment of
young person
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The Employees State

Insurance Act, 1948

Provides cash and medical benefits to

industrial employees in case of sickness,
maternity and employment injury.
Administration by ESI Corporation
The Union minister for labour :chairman
Secretary Ministry of labour : vice
chairman
4 principal officers
Insurance commissioner
Medical commissioner
Finance commissioner
Actuary
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The Employees State

Insurance Act, 1948
Benefits to employees

Medical benefit
Sickness benefit
Maternity
benefit
Disablement
benefit
Dependent
benefit
Funeral expense
Rehabilitation
allowance
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Benefits to employers
Exemption from the
applicability of Workmen's
Compensation Act 1923
Exemption from Maternity
Benefit Act 1961
Exemption from payment of
Medical allowance to
employees and their
dependants or arranging for
their medical care
Rebate under the Income
Tax Act on contribution
deposited in the ESI Account
Healthy work-force.

The Child Labour

(Prohibition & Regulation)
Child (under 14 Act,
years) 1986

labour is prohibited in
India under The Child
Labour (Prohibition And
Regulation) Act, 1986.
It includes work in a shop,
commercial
establishment, work-shop,
farm, residential hotel,
restaurant, eating-house,
theatre or other place of
public amusement or
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entertainment

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ROLES AND
RESPOSIBILITIES OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
NURSE
Prevention of
occupational injury
and disease
Promotion of health and work
ability
Improving environmental health
management
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ROLES AND
RESPONSIBILITIES OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
NURSE
Clinician
Specialist
Manager
Coordinator
Adviser
Health educator
Counselor
Researcher

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ADMINISTRATION OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES
CENTRAL LEVEL
STATE LEVEL
VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS

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ADMINISTRATION OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES

CENTRAL LEVEL

The director general for factory inspection

and advisory services
The government departments of labour and
health and the Board of mines
The atomic energy commission
Central labour institute at Mumbai and
regional labour institutes in Kanpur, Kolkata
and Chennai.
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ADMINISTRATION OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES

STATE LEVEL

No occupational health division in state

health directorate except Uttar Pradesh
State responsibilities are vested in Chief
inspector of factories

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ADMINISTRATION OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES

VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS

Tata institute of industrial hygiene

Society of Industrial Medicine.
Also certain political association work for the
welfare of workers like,

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INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
The International Labour Organization

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and

Safety (Canada)
Congressional Office of Compliance (US)
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
(EU)
Government & Educational OHS Resources
(Australia)
Health and Safety Executive (UK)
Health for Work Adviceline for small businesses
(UK)
Information Center of Occupational Safety and
Health (Israel)
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Workplace Safety & Health Council, Singapore 29

The International
Labour Organization
The International Labour Organization is a
specialized agency in relationship with the
United Nations,
Comprises the International Labour
Conference, the Governing Body, and the
International Labour Office.
Conference meets annually, is composed of
national representatives of government,
management, and labour
Principal function is to formulate international
labour standards in the form of Conventions
and of Recommendations. It may also record
its decisions in the form of resolutions which
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is accepted by member countries

WELFARE ORGANISATION OF
EMPLOYEES

Indian National Trade Union

Congress (INTUC)
Centre of Indian trade unions
(CITU)

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WOMEN AND OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH
Women's jobs have specific characteristics
Equipment and schedules designed in
relation to the average male body
Low wages
Sexual harassment at work place
Discrimination against women
Excluded from many health-promoting
benefits
Increased responsibility on household
works
The laws of labour are male oriented

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Global Commission
Report
Issues should be examined
within the context of gender specific
analyses
identify the specific occupational health risks of particular
industries,
Women's work in the informal sector, in agriculture and in the
home has to be conceptualized and measured
specific occupational health risks of women are to be addressed.
studies to identify and assess occupational health risks should be
extended.
Legislation addressing women's occupational health needs should
be reassessed
International agreement about the classification of reproductive
hazards (such as chemicals) and on the precautions needed to
protect both men and women from those hazards, should be
developed.
collaboration on the part of the various international agencies
concerned, such as WHO and ILO.
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VALUES AT WORKPLACE
Characteristics of people at a work
place
Different genders
Diverse ethnic, racial and cultural
backgrounds
Different ages and experiences
Different abilities
Different religions
Different languages
Different family structures
Different educational backgrounds
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Different work and life experiences

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VALUES AT WORKPLACE
1. Believe in yourself and
your values.
2. Know your rights as well
as duties
3. Be responsible, sincere
and honest in your work.
4. Be acknowledgeable to
superiors and kind
towards subordinates.
5. Dont compromise justice
6. Be a learner.
7. Be an advocate for
others when situation
calls.
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8. Be sensitive to the impact

you have on others.
9. Respect others dignity,
values , beliefs and
feelings.
10.Communicate honestly.
11.Never harass or accept
the harassment of others.
12.Confront prejudices and
stereotypes that demean
or exclude people
13.Accept our mistakes and
dont blame it on others.
14.Excuse others mistake, all
are humans
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Thank You

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