Kim Jong-un and North

Korea
Succession of Kim Jong-un
North Korea and the
World
Relationship with South
Korea

Image from
http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/r
eference/timestopics/people/k/kim_

"Maps courtesy of
www.theodora.com/maps used with

PowerPoint Topic Index

Succession of Kim Jong-un

Where is North Korea?
Official name is the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK)
North Korean leaders
The capital is Pyongyang
Who is Kim Jong-un? Great Successor
Mystery--no picture until 2010
Hermit Kingdom
Cult of Personality/ Confucian traditions and Communism and state-sponsored brainwashing
People sent to labor camps for not mourning enough for his fathers death
North Korea and the World
Juche system==national self-reliance and extreme isolation, racial purity; cannot marry non-Koreans
A member of Bushs Axis of Evil
2003 reactivated nuclear reactor
Will they sell nuclear weapons?
North Korea (and South Korea) have been invaded often by China, Mongols, the Manchu, and Japan.
The Korea Peninsula has been occupied for 900 out of 2000 years
Relationship with South Korea (ROK Republic of Korea)
1945 Country divided after WW2--Russia in the North, U.S. in the South
19501953 Korean War
DMZ=Demilitarized Zone
North Korea Today
Present-day situation
Group Activity
Students read portions of a congressional report and decide Should Japan have nuclear weapons to protect
itself from North Korea? and What do you think North Koreas reaction would be if Japan developed
nuclear weapons?
Additional Resources
Columbia Universitys Asia for Educators website http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/tps/1950_ko.htm

Where is North Korea?

Draw a map of North Korea in your notes.

China is to the north and west of North Korea.
South Korea is to the south of North Korea.
Japan is to the east of North Korea.
Map From Google Earth
http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&ll=39.027719,126.738281&spn=14.423854,35.4
63867&t=m&hnear=United+States&z=5&vpsrc=6

If available go to Google Earth and find

What does North
Korea look like?
North Korea

Other ways to view North Korea on

Google Earth:
Place your mouse on the Satellite button
and then click on Photos option and you
will see photos.

Map From Google Earth

http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&ll=39.027719,126.738281&spn=14.423854,35.4638
67&t=m&hnear=United+States&z=5&vpsrc=6

North Koreas Name

North Koreas official name is
the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK)
North Korea is NOT a democracy.
A democracy is where power is vested in the people, who express
it through a free electoral system. Elections are held to decide
who will be the leaders.
The definition of democratic is favoring social equality;
egalitarian (or without social classes). Communism states that all
of the workers own everything but in reality that does not happen.

North Korean Leaders- While Kim Il-sung was

elected his son and grandson are considered
dictators, which means they were not elected but
took control of the country.
"Great Leader" Kim Il-sung,
Grandfather
First premier 1948-1994
Born 1912; died 1994
http://img.timeinc.net/time/photoes
says/2011/iconic_leaders/icon000000
00022.jpg

"Dear Leader" Kim Jong-il

Father
Second premier 1994-2011
Born 1942; died 2011
The Great Successor Kim Jong-un
Premier since 2011
Born 1983 or 1984

http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multime
dia/archive/00796/kim-jong-il_79
6226c.jpg

http://the-diplomat.com
/flashpoints-blog/files
/2011/12/Kim-Jong-un1.j
pg

North
Koreas
capital city
is
Click on link to hear audio
Pyongyang
pronunciation
for Pyongyang
at
http://www.merriam-webster.com/
cgi-bin/audio.pl?pyong01g.wav=P
yongyang

Pyongyang images
from
http://upload.wikimedia.org
/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Pyo
ngyang_montage.png

All CC/PD sources:

File:Pyongyang western view April 2010.jpg
File:Juche Tower.jpg
File:Kumsusan Memorial Palace, Pyongyang.j
pg

The Hermit Kingdom

During Koreas Joseon Dynasty,
around the late 1800s, Korea kept
to itself and had limited contact
with the outside world. Other
countries called Korea The
Hermit Kingdom.
North Korea today continues this
isolationist policy.
They are very secretive. They do
not allow many people into their
country.
Until 2010, there was only one
picture of their future leader, Kim
Jong-un.

(To hear how to pronounce his name click on link

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YiDaFD70AGQ)

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/
asia-pacific/8078562.stm

Only the top North Korean leaders have Internet

access. Many North Koreans do not even know it exists.
Why do you think North Korea bans the Internet from
its citizens?

Cult of Personality

North Koreans are told over and over that their

leaders care for them and that they are great
leaders. The following was written about Kim JongJournalist
Bradley Martin
documented
the personality
cultsleaders
of
uns
grandfather
and
father, who
were both
North Korea's "Great Leader" Kim Il-sung and "Dear Leader" Kim Jong-il.
of
North Korea before him.
[15] While visiting North Korea in 1979 he noted that nearly all music,

nearly all music,

art, and sculpture that he observed glorified "Great Leader" Kim
Il-sung, whose personality cult was then being extended to his
son, "Dear Leader" Kim Jong-il.
Jong-il [15] Kim Il-sung rejected the notion that
he had created a cult around himself and accused those who suggested
so of "factionalism".[15] A U.S. religious freedom investigation confirmed
Martin's observation that North Korean schoolchildren learn to thank Kim
Il-sung for all blessings as part of the cult.[16] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personality

Listen to an example of what plays on their radios. The song is

about Kim Jong-uns father and is called No Motherland without you
(with English and French subtitles) Click on the link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhxvhThqTTI&feature=related

Reflection Questions?
How would you feel if you could only
listen to music about how great your
leader is?
What part of the Constitution
prevents this action from happening
in the U.S.?
After reading the paragraph, what is
another reason that North Korea bans
Internet access?
Using evidence from the paragraph

Cult of Personality

image from

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhxvhThqTTI&feature=
related

A cult of personality arises when an individual

uses mass media, propaganda, or other
methods, to create an idealized and heroic
public image, often through unquestioning
flattery and praise.[1] Cults of personality are
usually associated with dictatorships.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personality

For example Kim Jong-uns grandfather,

Kim Il Sung, called the Great Leader,
had 34,000 statues of himself built in
North Korea.

http://www.newkor
eatours.com/image
s/pyongyang/mansu
dae2.jpg

Kim Jong-un punishes people

for not crying at his fathers
death

YouTube video of North Korean mourners

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dowA-daEESQ

North Korea To Punish Mourners Who Were Insincere

An anonymous source tells the Daily NK, a South Korea-based
publication in opposition of the North Korean regime, that
"authorities are handing down at least six months in a
labor-training camp to anybody who didn't participate
in the organized gatherings" to mourn the death of
Supreme Leader Kim Jong Il, and to those "who did
participate but didn't cry and didn't seem genuine.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/13/north-korea-punish-mourners-insincere-kim-jong-il_n_1204377.html?icid=maing-grid7%
7Cmain5%7Cdl7%7Csec1_lnk2%26pLid%3D127414

Every day from 7:00 am until 7:00 pm they have

vehicles for broadcast propaganda parked on busy
roads full of people going to and from work, noisily
working to proclaim Kim Jong-uns greatness, the
What explained.
part of the
U.S. Constitution prevents a person
source
http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=8668
from being grabbed from the street in the U.S.?

Juche system
North Korea believes in the Juche system.

(Pronounced choo-CHAY or click on link to hear http://www.sidekicktaekwondo.com/Juche.wav)

The Juche system

stresses national selfreliance, extreme
isolation, and racial
purity.
North Koreans are not
allowed to not marry
non-Koreans.
http://www.mstrum.com/onmywaytokorea/wp-content/up
loads/2009/07/north-korean-propaganda-juche-seon-g
un-24.jpg

The picture says Long

live the great Juche

North Korea and the United States

President Bush first calls North Korea part of the
Axis of Evil" in his 2002 State of the Union Address.
President Bush called North Korea "a regime arming with missiles
and weapons of mass destruction, while starving its citizens.
President Bush was concerned that North Korea would sell nuclear
weapons to terrorists. This announcement came right after September
11.
In 2003, North Korea withdraws from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty, which was an agreement not to create or test nuclear weapons.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--RzP0aDvm8

North Koreas
Aggressive Actions
From March 2011,
U.S. Department of States Comment about North
Korea
Despite the tremendous opportunities in Asia that
have become part of our popular discourse, one
country stands out as an outlier, and in fact an
impediment, to the regions promising future: the
Democratic Peoples Republic of Koreas (DPRK).
The DPRKs brazen attack on the ROK (Republic of
Korea) corvette Cheonan in March of last year, its
recent disclosure of a uranium enrichment
program, its shelling of Yeonpyong Island that
resulted in the tragic loss of South Korean lives,
and its ongoing human rights violations underscore
the threat that the DPRKs policies and
provocations, including its nuclear and ballistic
missile programs and proliferation activities, pose
to regional stability and global security.
http://www.state.gov/p/eap/rls/rm/2011/03/157472.htm

Corvette Cheonan
http://www.armybase.us/2010/04/sout
h-korea-china-to-hold-summit-in-sha
nghai/

Click for video of

shelling of Yeonpyong
Island

http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=C8WpoCMX60Q&fea
North
Korea do
ture=related

Reading for Understanding: What five items did

that could destabilize the region? What does destabilize mean?
What is a corvette? (Hint: it is not a car in this context) How could
you find out the meaning of these words? What does provocations
mean? What are proliferation activities? What other words are

 North Korea spends the most money,

compared to its gross domestic
product,
of all the countries in the world on
building
up its military. Why?

http://padresteve.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/north_korea_military_
http://media.kimatv.com/images/110112_north_korea_military.jpg parade.jpg

Koreans often use the proverb 'when whales

fight, the shrimps back is broken'
broken to
describe their countrys attack by larger, more
powerful neighbors, China and Japan,
throughout its history.

Out of its 2,000-year-history, it has

been invaded and occupied for 900
years by foreign forcesChina, the
Mongols, the Manchu, and Japan.

Japan invades Korea

in 1910 and rules it
until 1945
Japan treated the Koreans
very harshly.
They took jobs that Koreans had and
many Koreans were unemployed.
They made Koreans speak Japanese and
made them change their Korean names
to Japanese.
How would you feel if you were told you
couldnt speak English anymore and
had to change your name?

http://www.japantimes.co.jp/images/photos2010/fl20100822x1a.jp
g

In 1945, Korea is liberated from

Japan
The USSR (Russia) arrives
from the North to attack
the Japanese.
The USSR wanted Korea to
be a communist country.
The U.S. arrives from the
South to attack the
Japanese.
The U.S. wanted Korea to
be a democratic country.
They divided Korea at the
38th Parallel to avoid more
fighting.
They did not ask the
Koreans if they wanted
their country divided.

http://www.sdpb.org/EducationalServicesGuide/etvprograms/pdf/2othExtr
as/MAPS/KOREA38THPARALLEL.JPG

Korean War
In 1950, North Koreas leader, Kim Il-sung,
(grandfather to Kim Jong-un) orders the North
Korean military to attack South Korea.
The YouTube video shows how at first North Korea
was winning but as the UN forces enter into the
battle South Korea starts to win. The dynamics
change again when China enters the battle. After
watching the video answer the question Why
do you think China entered the war?
http
://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTN5W4NJ3DM&fea
ture=related

Millions of People Died

during the Korean War

http://media-3.web.britannica.com/eb-media/99/72799-004-37459A7C.gif

Korean War Armistice

In 1953, the Korean War armistice
was signed.
An armistice is when both sides
agree to stop fighting, however,
North Korea and South Korea are still
officially at war.

http://www.koreanwareducator.org/topics/armistice/armistice_pic1_lrg.jpg

DMZ- Demilitarized Zone

The DMZ is a
buffer zone
between North
Korea and South
Korea.
It is 160 miles long
and 2.5 miles
wide.

http://

koreandmz.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/DMZWalk.jpg

There are 1 million

land
mines
3 minute video about Korean War
and
DMZ in it.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDbo6_t_Wnw

There are 2 million

North Korea Today

Bush's 'Evil' Trio Holds Sway Over U.S. Decade Later
By BRIAN MURPHY Associated Press, February 4, 2012 (AP),
http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/bushs-evil-trio-holds-sway-us-decade15513264

Bush's speech came less than two years after a landmark

trip to North Korea by Madeleine Albright, President Bill
Clinton's secretary of state. North Korea reacted to the
Axis of Evil" label by calling it "little short of declaring a
war," and it went on to twice detonate nuclear devices and
to test-fire missiles.
While the relationship with the U.S. remains tense, the
death in December of Kim Jong Il, who led North Korea
during the Bush administration, opened the way for his
young, inexperienced son, Kim Jong-un. His government
has recently suggested through state media that it remains
open to suspending uranium enrichment in return for food
aid.

North Korea Today

While China is North Korea's major economic and political
backer, relations with the U.S. are a high priority among officials
in Pyongyang. North Korea's willingness to make a deal with
Washington is seen as a crucial pointer to how the country will
behave as it extends the Kim dynasty into a third generation.
All eyes are on Kim Jong-un to see how he consolidates power.
There are fears that North Korea could seek to bolster his
credentials and strengthen national unity by conducting a
missile or nuclear test, or by picking a fight with South Korea.
The current nuclear crisis began in October 2002 when the
Bush administration said North Korea admitted to a secret
uranium program during U.S.-North Korean talks in Pyongyang.
North Korea long rejected the uranium allegations, but in 2010 it
unveiled an industrial-scale uranium enrichment facility .

Bush's 'Evil' Trio Holds Sway Over US Decade Later By BRIAN MURPHY
Associated Press, February 4, 2012 (AP), http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/bushs-evil-trio-holdssway-us-decade-15513264

North Korea Today

South Korean analysts differ about the importance of Bush's
now-famous phrase.
Jeung Young-tae of the Korea Institute for National Unification in
Seoul said it was part of Bush's "realistic North Korea policy"
responding to North Korea's tactic of disavowing nuclear
ambitions to get aid while covertly breaking its word.
"The Bush administration came to understand the true nature of
North Korea," Jeung said.
Yoo Ho-yeol, a professor at Korea University, said, however, that
the Axis of Evil" designation "considerably undermined" ties with
North Korea. "It was a turning point," Yoo said. "In the following
ten years, North Korea and the United States have failed to build
mutual trust between them.
Bush's 'Evil' Trio Holds Sway Over US Decade Later
By BRIAN MURPHY Associated Press, February 4, 2012 (AP),

http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/bushs-evil-trio-holds-sway-us-decade-15513264

North Korea Today

People debate about how to handle the North
Korea situation. How do you deal with a
country that is aggressive to other
countries?
Hillary Clinton comments as the U.S. Secretary of
State We both share a common interest in a
peaceful and stable transition in North
Korea as well as ensuring regional peace
and stability.
The United States and Japan are partners in the
so-called Six Party Talks, which, along with South
Korea, China and Russia, aim to rid North Korea of
its nuclear program
Double click the link below to hear a 30 second
longer speech.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2011/dec/20/hillary-clintonimproved-relations-north-korea-video

How would you deal with North Korea if you were

the U.S. President?

The Future?
In April and May of 2011, The United
States and the Republic of Korea (South
Korea) plan to conduct military exercises
in the area.
No one knows for sure what will happen.

What do you think could

happen? Why?

Reflection Questions
The Hermit Kingdom was a name
used to describe Korea prior to 1900.
Why could North Korea be called a
Hermit Kingdom today?
What are some of the differences
between North Korea and the United
States?

Group Activity
Pretend you are a member of Congress .
Japan is nervous about the possibility of North Korea attacking
them with nuclear weapons.
Read Japans Nuclear Future: Policy Debate, Prospects and
US Interests http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/nuke/RL34487.pdf (page
1 Introduction, page 2 to 3 An Evolving Security Environment in
Asia, page 9 International Diplomatic Consequences, and p 12
Future of the Korean Peninsula) and decide if you think it is a
good idea or a bad idea for Japan to develop nuclear
weapons.
Why did you make your decision?
What do you think North Koreas reaction may be if
Japan creates nuclear weapons? Why?
If there is time, create a PowerPoint justifying
your analysis. Be sure to include facts for your decision.

Resources

See Columbia Universitys Asia for Educators site for

more information and lesson plans about Koreas past and
present and other Asian countries.
Free classes are offered to teachers in certain States.
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/tps/1950_ko.htm