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Vector Algebra Lecture
Vector Algebra Lecture
Prepared by
MARINETTE RIVERA
APAO
Given:
d1 = 9 m, E
Use a
protractor
to measure
the angle
(from the
x-axis)
d2 = 12 m,
N
dR = ? m
dR = 5 div
dR = 15 m,
530
Scale: 1 div. =
3m
Methods
Parallelogram (Tail-to-Tail)
Given:
F1 = 15 N, E
Method
F2 = 20 N,
450
FR = ? N
FR = diagonal
line of the
parallelogram
FR = 6.5 div
Scale: 1 div. =
5N
Given:
d1 = 4 m, E
d2 = 8 m, N
d3 = 6 m, 2100
d4 = 3 m, S
dR = ? m
Scale: 1div = 1 m
dR = 2.3 div
dR = 2.3 m, 1200
or
or
Exercise 1
d1 = 9 m,
E
d2 = 12
m, N
dR
b
c = a2 + b2
a, b and c
are sides.
C is the
angle
opposite
side c
Equatio
n:
A
c=?N
C
B
a = 15
N
b= 20
N
Equatio
n:
A
c=?N
C
B
a = 15
N
b= 20
N
FR = 32.39N, 260
Steps
1.Determine the x and y components of each
vector.
2.Find the sum of the components along each axis.
3.Determine the quadrant where the Resultant
Vector is expected by illustrating the sums in the
Cartesian plane
4.Compute the RESULTANT VECTOR using the
Pythagorean Theorem for the magnitude and
tangent function for the direction
Resolution of a Vector
Determining the components of a
vector
A vector has
many possible
pairs of
components,
but the easiest
to determine are
the components
Resolution of a Vector
Determining the x and y components
of a vector
Example: Find the x and y components
of a 20 N force directed at 500
F
F
X
FX = Fcos
= (20N)
cos500
= (20N)
(0.6428)
= 12.86 N
FY = Fsin
= (20N)
sin500
= (20N)
(0.766)
= 15.32 N
Vector
X - Component
Y - Component
v1y= v1sin00
= (2 m/s )(0)
=0
v2y= v2sin900
= (4 m/s )(1)
= 4.00 m/s
v3y= v3sin300
= (5 m/s )
(0.5)
= 2.50 m/s
v4y= v1sin2400
= (3 m/s )(0.866)
= -2.59 m/s
Sum ()
Vx =2+0-4.33-
Vy =0+4+2.5-
tan = y/x
= 3.91m/s -3.83m/s
= -1.02
= tan-1-1.02
= -460