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Weak Measurement
Weak Measurement
Weak Measurement
Presented by:Sushovan
Supervisor:Dr. Asoka
Biswas(Dept. of Physics,IIT
ROPAR)
July 2015
INTRODUCTION
In quantum information, measurement is a very
important factor.In general measurement means to
jump a quantum state into an eigenstate of dynamical
variable that is being measured.In weak measurement
the system will not collapse in one eigenstate but the
entanglement between system and the device become
as weak that we can extract the information without
changing of the initial state.It is the main funda of weak
measurement. Well show how does the probability of
number dstribution changes for changing the
weakness of the measurement.
Strong Measurement
In general quantum measurement indicates the strong
measurement. That means when I measure any
quantum state with a device that will collapse the
state, in any of the eigenstate of the observable. Now
say any state can be denoted as | ,which can be
written as | c j | a j .Now if we measure this state
j
by strong measurement then the state will be collapse
in any one of the eigenstate according to probability
distribution. As the state is now transformed another
state | a j ,So we lost the information related to it. We
can say that this type of measurement is due to
system and device strong entanglement.
Post selection
1. 1st there is an initial state | in of the state and
weakly entangled with devices state | .
2. Then the interaction operator of observable will be
operated.
3. Then select the desirable states| fin and discard
other states, this process is called post selection.
4. Repeat the process several times and take
f | A | i
average.
Aw
5. The weak value is given by
f | i
,where A is the operator of observable .
| A | i
Aw
So weak value is given by
f | i .
| f may be
Depending on post selection
|
orthogonal
to
.
i
As the numerator tends to a small value, so that the
weak value tends to a higher value .
As we increase the weakness of the measurement
the variance of the observable will increase.
But the information related to initial state remain
approximately intact.
Plots
of
number
distribution for various
weakness
1. Consider e
as operator(beam
splitter operator).
2. Change the weakness
of measurement and
plot photon number
distribution.
3. Peak shifts to higher n
and variance
increases with
increase of weakness.
Conclusion
Here we observe how the weak value of a observable
differs from the value of the projective measurement.
So, as we show here the distribution for the photon
number we can also choose other basis to show this
weak values. And as the weak value is obtained by
weak interaction, so it is the more precise
measurement process in quantum mechanics.
THANK YOU