DEMOLITION

WORKS

WHAT IS DEMOLITION ?
"demolition" means the complete or
partial demolition of a building or
structure by pre-planned and controlled
methods or procedures.
Demolition means dismantling,
destroying or wrecking any building
or structure or any part thereof by
pre-planned and controlled
methods

CAUSES OF DEMOLITION
AGING
BUILDING

BUILD NEW BUILDING

POPULATION DENSITY

STRUCTURE
PROBLEM
AESTHETIC

DEMOLITION SEQUENCES
Demolition sequence shall be determined based on Actual
site conditions, Restraints, The building layout, The Structural
layout and its construction.
In general, the following sequence shall apply:
1) UTILITIES disconnection Electricity ,plumbing water lines
drainage connections etc.
2) All cantilevered structures, canopies, verandahs and
features attached to the external walls shall first be
demolished prior to demolition of main building and its
internal structures on each floor
3) When demolishing the roof structure, all lift machine
rooms and water tanks at high level shall be demolished
in top down sequence to the main roof level

DEMOLITION PROCESS
(Pre-demolition)

Site survey

Site
preparation
and
mobilization

Identify
safety
measure

Arrange
debris
handling

DEMOLITION PROCESS
( Demolition Phase )

Demolition

Ensure
workers
follow safety
procedures

Ensure
machines
well maintain

DEMOLITION PROCESS
( Post Demolition )

Site
clearance

METHOD OF
DEMOLITION

Demolition methods can vary depending on

the following :
The area where it will be held on
Time available
The building material
The purpose of the demolition and
The way that debris is going to be
disposed.
Time saving methods are more
expensive than the slower ones.
If noise, dust, and vibrations are to
be restricted, it will add to the cost
of demolition.

i) MANUAL DEMOLITION
Manual methods are carried
out top down, proceeding, in
general, from the roof to
ground.
For reinforced concrete
buildings, jack hammers are
commonly used to break
down the concrete.
Where concrete members are
being demolished manually,
the reinforcement shall not
be cut while breaking of the
concrete.

Manual demolition has many

of hazards : unexpected
collapse, falls, falling object
In congested areas, these
features could have critical
impact on the safety of the
public.

Areas where debris

will fall should be
barricaded off and
sign erected to
prevent person
from entering
before demolition
starts.

MANUAL DEMOLITION

i) MECHANICAL DEMOLITION
The sequence of demolition by machine is
typically the same as the top down
manual method, except that most of the
demolition is done by mechanical plant.
Mechanical demolition generally involves
the use of large machinery with
attachment to dismantle the building from
outside.
The common mechanical method : pusher
arm, wrecking ball, pneumatic impact tools
and explosive

CRANE AND WRECKING

BALL
The
wrecking
ball
application
consists of a crane equipped with a
steel ball.
The destruction of the building is by
the impact energy of the steel ball
suspended from the crawler crane.
The wrecking ball operates outside
the building.
This
method
is
suitable
for
dilapidated buildings, silos and
other industrial facilities.
However, the operation requires
substantial
clear
space.
The
application also demands high level
skill operators and well-maintained
equipment.

The balling of each section of the structure shall

proceed from top to bottom.

VERTICAL DROP

SWING IN-LINE

Free falling of the

wrecking ball onto the
structure

Swinging of the ball inline with the jib.

The ball shall be swung
into the building.
The ball shall strike at
the top of the member so
as to avoid the member
from falling outside the
building.

PUSHER MECHANICAL ARM

The crusher attachment breaks the
concrete and the reinforcement by the
hydraulic thrust through the long
boom arm system.
The hydraulic crusher can be operated
from the ground outside
the
building. This method is also suitable
for dangerous buildings, silos and
other industrial facilities.
The excavator shall operate on firm
ground that can support the machine
during the crusher operation.

The operation shall have a minimum clear

space of the
building height as a safety zone for the falling
debris.
Each section of the structure shall be demolished

EXPLOSION
The explosive chargers are set
and fired in a sequence that will
weaken the structure in such a
way that the building collapse
in upon itself.
Competent explosive specialist
is required when demolition is
to be done by using explosive
Use non-explosive : without
noise and initial devastating
blast.

BLASTING ME
CHINES
Traditional
rack-bar and
Modern
electronic
control box

PNEUMATIC IMPACT TOOLS

Pneumatic tool or air tool is

a tool driven by a gas,
usually compressed air
supplied by a gas
compressor.
Pneumatic tools are
commonly cheaper and
safer to run and maintain
than their electrical power
tool.

SPECIAL SAFETY
CONSIDERATION

 A properly connected power

source from a local electric utility
supplier or a mobile electricity
generator shall be utilized in
demolition sites

Electrical
safety
Training and
communication

Workers shall go to proper

job safety training
Regular safety meeting

Equipment
maintenanc
e

Equipment shall be tested

and examined before use.

Emergenc
y Exit

Emergency exits shall be provided

during building demolition.

Vibration

Demolition work will cause vibration to

neighboring buildings or structures to
various extent, depending on the method of
demolition, which should be controlled by
suitable monitoring. The most serious
vibration is caused by implosion.

All flammable goods shall be

removed from site
Fire fighting appliances shall be
provided

Fire

ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTION
Air pollution- dust
mitigation measure
Noise - Silent type of
mechanical equipment
Hazardous material have
to be properly handled