Internatio

nal
Organizat
ion
By: Ms. Ja
ckie Rabo
rar
Ph.D. Com
merce Stu
dent

Why is there a WAR?

United Nations

United Nations
An international organization designed to
make the enforcement of international law,
security, human rights, economic and social
progress easier for countries around the
world

What does the United Nations

Do?

The UN was created to maintain international peace

and security.

It also works to maintain friendly relationships between

countries.

Lastly, it works to promote economic development of

member nations.

What is the UN Global Compact?

The Global Compact asks companies to embrace universal
principles and to partner with the UnitedNations. It has
grown to become a critical platform for the UN to engage
effectively with enlightened global business.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon

Millennium Development
Goals
0 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
0 Achieve universal primary education
0 Promote gender equality and empower women
0 Reduce child mortality
0 Improve maternal health
0 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
0 Ensure environmental sustainability
0 Develop a global partnership for development

Who and Where?

Almost all countries in the world are members of the UN.
the UN.

There are currently 193 countries in

The headquarters is in New York City.

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is located in The
Hague in the
Netherlands.

Membership
0 Membership in the United Nations is open to

all other peace-loving states that accept the

obligations contained in the present Charter
and, in the judgment of the Organization, are
able and willing to carry out these
obligations.
0 The admission of any such state to

membership in the United Nations will be

effected by a decision of the General
Assembly upon the recommendation of the
Security Council. Chapter II, Article 4.

Principal organs of the

United Nations

UN General Assembly
Deliberative assembly of all UN member states

May resolve non-compulsory recommendations to states or

suggestions to the Security Council (UNSC);
Decides on the admission of new members, following proposal by the
UNSC;
Adopts the budget;
Elects the non-permanent members of the UNSC; all members of
ECOSOC; the UN Secretary General (following his/her proposal by the
UNSC);

Security Council

Responsible for the maintenance of international peace and

security;
May adopt compulsory resolutions;
Has fifteen members: five permanent members with veto power
and ten elected members.

UN Secretariat
Administrative organ of the UN

Supports the other UN bodies administratively (for example, in the

organization of conferences, the writing of reports and studies and
the preparation of the budget);
Its chairperson the UN Secretary General is elected by the
General Assembly for a five-year mandate and is the UN's foremost
representative.

International Court of Justice

Universal court for international law

Decides disputes between states that recognize its jurisdiction;

Issues legal opinions;
Renders judgments by relative majority. Its fifteen judges are elected
by the UN General Assembly for nine-year terms.

UN Economic and Social Council

For global economical and social affairs

Responsible for co-operation between states as regards economic

and social matters;
Co-ordinates co-operation between the UN's numerous specialized
agencies;
Has 54 members, elected by the General Assembly to serve
staggered three-year mandates.

UN Trusteeship Council
For administering trust territories (currently inactive)

Was originally designed to manage colonial possessions that were

former League of Nations mandates;
Has been inactive since 1994, when Palau, the last trust territory,
attained independence.

Funding
Top 17 Contributors to
the
MEMBER STATE CONTRIBUTION

UNITED NATIONS BUDGET

% OF BUDGET

UNITED STATES

22.000

JAPAN

10.833

GERMANY

7.141

FRANCE

5.593

UNITED KINGDOM

5.148

CHINA

5.148

ITALY

4.448

CANADA

2.984

SPAIN

2.973

BRAZIL

2.934

RUSSIA

2.438

AUSTRALIA

2.074

SOUTH KOREA

1.994

MEXICO

1.842

NETHERLANDS

1.654

TURKEY

1.328

SWITZERLAND

1.047

United Nations Program

United Nations Development Program (UNDP)

1. Democratic Governance,
2. Poverty Reduction
3. Crisis prevention and recovery,

4. Energy and Environment

HIV/AIDS

Office of the United Nations High

Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, UNHCR

protects refugees worldwide and facilitates their
return home or resettlement.

UNHCR is working on the ground in over 116

countries, helping 20.8 million persons in areas
including Lebanon, Darfur, southern Sudan,
Afghanistan, and Iraq.

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

UNICEF provides long-term humanitarian and

development assistance to children and mothers.
Recent UNICEF initiatives have included polio
immunization for 5.5 million children in Angola,
helping girls enroll and stay in school in 34 African
countries, and reintegrating child soldiers in Sierra
Leone into civil society.

World Food Program (WFP)

WFP, which aims to eradicate hunger and

malnutrition, is the worlds largest humanitarian
agency.
Every year, the program feeds almost 100 million
people in over 80 nations. WFP has delivered aid to
Darfur, to Pakistan in the aftermath of the 2005
earthquake, and to southern Asia following the
tsunami.

United Nations Drug Control Program (UNDCP)

UNDCP helps Member States fight drugs, crime,

and
terrorism.
Aside from providing laboratory services, this
Program helps to improve cross-border cooperation.

United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)

UNEP coordinates the United Nations

environmental activities.
It develops international environmental
conventions, assesses global environmental trends,
encourages new civil sector partnerships, and
strengthens institutions so they might better
protect the environment.

UN Women

The creation of UN Women came about as part of the UN

reform agenda, bringing together resources and mandates for
greater impact.
It merges and builds on the important work of four previously
distinct parts of the UN system, which focused exclusively on
gender equality and womens empowerment.

UN Specialized Agencies
0 The United Nations specialized agencies are

autonomous organizations working with the

United Nations and funded by both voluntary
and assessed contributions.
0 These agencies include the:

World Bank
The World Bank focuses
on poverty reduction and
the improvement of
living standards
worldwide by providing
low-interest loans,
interest-free credit, and
grants to developing
countries for education,
health, infrastructure,
and communications,
among other things. The
World Bank works in over
192 countries.

Functions of world bank

Loans for
educatio
n

Funds for
biodiversity
project

Function
s of
world
bank
Control
emergin
g
conflicts

Reduce
poverty

The World Bank was established in 1944, as the

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

Recently the "World Bank"namehas come to be

used for the International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (IBRD) and the International
Development Association(IDA).

When it first began operations to speed post World War II

reconstruction, it had 38 members, now it has 192, almost
all the countries in the world. Asmembership grew and
their needs changed,the World Bank expanded andis
currently made up of five different agencies.

How is the World Bank

Group Organized?
0 The International Bank for Reconstruction

and Development provides assistance to

middle income countries.
0 IBRD obtains most of its funds through the
sales of bonds in international capital
markets.

Products and Services

(IBRD)
IBRD has three main business lines:
0 Strategy and Coordination Services
0 Financial Services
0 Knowledge Services

Strategy and
Coordination Services
0 Country Partnership Framework (CPF). This new

approach aims to make our country-driven model more

systematic, evidence-based, selective and focused on the
goals of ending extreme poverty and increasing shared
prosperity in a sustainable manner.
0 Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) will inform each
new country partnership. The diagnostic will identify the
most important challenges and opportunities at the
country level for reaching the two goals. Consultations
with a range of stakeholders will inform the SCD process,
from diagnostic through completion. The CPF takes the
place of theCountry Assistance Strategy (CAS)and
guides the Bank Group's support to a member country.

What We Do
0 As the largest global development institution

focused on the private sector, IFC works

closely with businesses in developing
countries to help them succeed in ways that
promote prosperity for all.
We provide investment, advice, and asset management. Together,
our services give us a special advantage in helping the private
sector create opportunityour investment and advice can be
tailored to a clients specific needs, and in ways that add value. Our
ability to attract other investors brings additional benefits,
introducing our clients to new sources of capital and better ways of
doing business.

Financial Services ( what

we do)
0 Financing Small Businesses through the

Internet

0 IFC is supporting digital solutions to expand

financing for small enterprises and womenowned businesses in China.

Knowledge Services
0 About

1. Poverty Assessments
2. Social and Structural reviews
3. Public Expenditure Reviews
4. Sector Reports
5. Country Economic Memoranda
6. Knowledge Sharing

World Bank Data and

Statistics
The World Bank Data Catalogis a rich source of research data
for numerous aspects of international development. Highlights
and related sources are listed below but are not exhaustive.

1.
2.
3.
4.

Development Indicators
Climate Change Data
Doing Business
Education Statistics

5. Gender Statistics
6. Global Economic Monitor Commodity Price Data
7. Global Financial Development Database
8. Global Financial Inclusion Database
9. Enterprise Surveys Firm Level Data
10. IBRD Statement of Loans - Current
11. IBRD Statement of Loans - Historic
12. Landmine Contamination and Clearing Database
13. Temporary Trade Barriers Database
14. World Bank Major Contract Awards
15. Worldwide Governance Data

The World Bank, Business and Privatization

The World Bank publishes a substantial amount of information on
business and investment climate, trade restrictions, regulatory
conditions, and much more.
1. Doing Business
2. Ease of Doing Business Index
3. Enterprise Surveys
4. Exporter Dynamics
5. Investing Across Borders FDI Regulations Database
6. Knowledge Indicators Group
7. Private Participation Infrastructure Database
8. Privatization Database
9. Private Participation in Renewable Energy
10. Subnational Doing Business

The International Development Association

( IDA )
assists the poorest countries with a per capita
income of less than $885--to which it provides
interest-free loans, technical assistance and
policy advice.

Key Achievements
0 3.5 million teachers are recruited and trained
0 597 million children immunized
0 123 million people with access to water

sources
0 117 million with access to health care
program
0 116,000 km roads build or fixed
0 119 million women received pre-natal care.

0 The International Finance Corporation

(IFC)promotes growth in client countries by

financing private sector investments.

The International Centre for Settlement of

Investment Disputesprovides facilities for the
settlement by conciliation or arbitration of
investment disputes between foreign investors
and their host countries.
Example cases:

Tobacco major Philip Morris sued Uruguay for alleged breaches to

the Uruguay-Swiss BIT for requiring cigarette packs to display
graphic health warnings and sued Australia under the AustraliaHong Kong BITS for requiring plain packaging for its cigarettes.
The company claims that the packaging requirements in both
countries violate its investment

The Multilateral Investment Guarantee

Agency (MIGA) helps encourage foreign
investment by providing guarantees to foreign
investors against loss caused by non-commercial
risks in developing countries, thereby creating
investment opportunities in those countries.

Branch of the World Bank charged with providing

political risk insurance and dispute mediation for
foreign investors.

Lending Operation of
World Bank
To maintain the continuing support of its member
governments, its loans must stipulate economic growth in
the less developed counties where it lends.
The World Bank does not lend in support of military or political
objectives, or for the purpose of facilitating exports of any particular
industrialized country.
World banks supports the project such sector of agriculture and
rural development, industry, power, telecommunications,
transportation, education, urban development, and water supply
and sewerage.

Methods of Payment
1. The application must normally be supported

by a copy of the suppliers invoice.

2. It must be supported by a copy of the
contract or purchase order, a copy of the
suppliers in voice and in due course once
again by a copy of the bill of lading showing
the shipment have been made.
3-4 are used when a supplier request a
borrower to open a commercial letter of credit
in his favor and the commercial bank in the
suppliers country is unwilling to confirm the
credit without security.

Criticism of world bank

Preside
nt of
world
bank is
always
from
US

It
promot
es US
or
wester
n
It is
interes
deeply
t
driven to
imperialis
m

Decisi
Neoon is
libera
unde
l
mocra
Lack
tic
transpare
ncy to
external
public

What is International
Monetary Fund

The IMF works to foster global growth

and economic stability. It provides policy
advice and financing to members in
economic difficulties and also works with
developing nations to help them achieve
macroeconomic stability and reduce
poverty.

Function of IMF
Financial
assistan
ce
Sustain
econom
y
growth

Functio
n of
IMF
Fixed
exchange
rate

Gran
d
loans

NEED OF IMF
The
expansion
and
balanced
growth of
international
trade.

They are the

promotion of
international
monetary
cooperation.

The
elimination
of
restrictions
Exchange
on the
rate stability.
international
flow of
capital.

Membership
The IMF has 188 member countries. It is an independent
international organization, which has its own charter,
governing structure, and finances.
Its members are represented through a quota
system broadly based on their relative size in
the global economy.

The Funds criteria for membership are that an

applicant is a country.

No joint membership, available only to countries

individually.

What is a quota and how

it is determined?
Subscriptions
A member country's quota subscription determines
the maximum amount of financial resources the country is
obliged to provide to the IMF.
A country must pay its subscription in full upon joining
the IMF: up to 25 percent must be paid in the IMF's own
currency, called Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) or widely
accepted currencies (such as the dollar, the euro, the yen, or
pound sterling), while the rest is paid in the member's own
currency.

Voting power
The quota largely determines a member's voting power
in IMF decisions.
Each IMF member's votes are comprised of basic votes
plus one additional vote for each SDR 100,000 of quota.
The number of basic votes attributed to each member is
calculated as 5.502 percent of total votes. Accordingly, the
United States has 421,965 votes (16.76 percent of the total),
and Tuvalu has 759 votes (0.03 percent of the total).

Access to financing
The amount of financing a member country can obtain
from the IMF is based on its quota.
For instance, under Stand-By and Extended Arrangements, which
are types of loans, a member country can borrow up to 200
percent of its quota annually and 600 percent cumulatively.

SDR allocations ( special drawing rights )

SDRs are used as an international reserve asset. A
member's share of general SDR allocations is established in
proportion to its quota.
The most recent general allocation of SDRs took
place in 2009.

Latest News of IMF

The International
Monetary Fund (IMF)
has raised its
economic growth
projections for the
Philippines for this
year and the next
while cutting the
global outlook.
The growth forecasts
for 2015 and 2016
were revised to 6.6%
and 6.4%,
respectively, reflecting
the boost from lower
global oil prices and
anticipated pick up in

PinoyInvestors Local News section covers important

economic and regulatory updates in the Philippines. Know them
since these developments can affect investor sentiment and the
stock market!

0 Both figures were higher than the IMFs previous projections

of 6.3% for 2015 and 6.2% for 2016 but below the
governments 7.0% to 8.0% goals.
0 The upward revisions for Philippine economic growth was

made parallel to a cut in global output for this year and the
next on weaker economic activity in China, Russia, the euro
zone, and Japan, as well as in some major oil exporting
countries.
By Angping Associates and Securities ( Pinoy
Investors )

CRITICISM REGARDING
IMF
U.S. holds maximum shares.
Does not show interest in Asian
countries.
Failed to turned countries into
free market.
Countries got addicted and
dependent.
No coordination between IMF and
world bank.

The
World
Trade
Organization (WTO) is
the
only
global
international
organization dealing
with the rules of
trade
between
nations. At its heart
are
the
WTO
agreements,
negotiated
and
signed by the bulk of
the world's trading
nations and ratified in
their parliaments.

The WTO is a rules-based, member-driven organization

all decisions are made by the member governments, and
the rules are the outcome of negotiations among
members.

There are a number of ways of looking at the World Trade

Organization.

It is an organization for trade opening.

It is a forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements.
It is a place for them to settle trade disputes.
It operates a system of trade rules.
Essentially, the WTO is a place where member governments try to
sort out the trade problems they face with each other.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) deals with the global

rules of trade between nations. Its main function is to ensure
that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as
possible.