Paano Ba

Magbigay ng
Payo
March 18, 2010

Layunin:
1. Isalarawan at tumuklas ng
kakaibang
pagtulong
at
pakikipagugnayan sa kasapi
ng komunidad;
2. Tasahan
(assess)
ating
kakayahan, mabisang paraan
para
sa
makataong
pagtulong at pagpapayo.

Upang mabatid natin ang

kasanayan at batayan ng
pagpapayo at mga
pamamaraan.
4. Mapakinabangan natin ang
mga idea at kaalaman ng
pagpapayo sa ating tahanan.
3.

Mga Kasanayan o Katanginan ng

Isang Tagapayo.
Alam kong tutulungan niya

ako.

Ibinabahagi mo ang iyong

kasayahan at mga
pagkabagabag sa iyong
kapatid sa komunidad.

Pagtulong sa iyong mga

Sila ay mapagmahal
at mapag-arugang na
tao. (CARING)
Tumutulong sila sa
ating mga problema,
mga kahirapan
(difficulties) at
pagkabalisa
(concerns)
Binibigyan nila ako ng
pag-asa sa buhay.

Nararamdaman kong
malakas ang loob ko pag
may mga katabing akong
kapatid na magtatanggol.
Mahalaga na may kapatid
akong aakay, papatnubay
at tutulong sa akin
May mga panahon na ayaw
nating makipag-usap sa
ating mga magulang.
Ang turing ko sa kanila ay

Pangkaraniwang
Probleman Hinaharap

Pangkaraniwan Suliranin/
mga Inaalala Natin
Damdamin Pag-aaral
Relational
Pisikal
Pamilya
Trahaho/Hanapbuhay
Sex
Pagmamalabis
Pagkagumon sa droga
Kaguluhan

Suliraning Pandamdamin
1. Kalungkutan / Takot
2. Pag-kabalisa
3. Kasalanan
4. Galit
5. Kapighatian
6. Kawalang kumpiyansa
7. Pagharap na kamatayan
8. Dalamhati
9. Pagpapatiwakal (kaisipan, ugali,
pagbabanta)

Suliranin sa Relasyon
1. Pag-ibig
2. Tipanan (Dating)
3. Pagpili ng tamang
mapapangasawa
4. Kakayahan mag-isa
5. Handling Peer Pressure
6. Makipaglaban sa pagtangi at

Suliraning Pang-pamilya
1.Overprotective Parents
2.Inattentive Parents (walang paki)
3.Non-Christian Parents
4.Parental Divorce (paghihiwalay)
5.Nakatira sa tatay o nanay lamang
6.Dealing with Step-parents and
Blended Families
7.Away ng Magkakapatid

Suliranin Seksual
1.Kalibugan
2.Masturbation
3.Pornography
4.Premarital Sex
5.Unplanned Pregnancy
6.Abortion
7.Homosexuality
8.AIDS

Abuse
1. Sexual Abuse
2. Nonsexual Abuse
3. Rape
4. Ritual Abuse

Addictions
1. Alcohol use and
Abuse
2. Drug use and Abuse
3. Pagsusugal

Disorders
1. Attention Deficit Disorder
2. Anorexia Nervosa
3. Bulimia

Educational Issues
1. Dropping Out
2. Underachievement
3. Overachievement

Physical Issues
1. Living with a
Deformity or Disability
2. Coping with Long-Term
Illness

Vocational Issues
1. Knowing Gods Will
2. Choosing a Ministry or
Career
3. Choosing a College

Mga Tanda at Pagpapatunay ng

Suliranin ng Kabataan
Pisika na Palatandaan:
o Poor physical Hygiene
o Marked change in weight
o Overly accident prone
o Lack of appetite or overindulgence in
food
o Sleep disorders/nightmares
o Frequent illness, headaches,

Behavioral Signs:
Sudden outbursts of temper
Repeated lying and cheating
Excessive fighting, setting up power
struggles
Hyperactivity/ nervousness
Excessive daydreaming,
preoccupation of fantasy
Excessive blaming of others/
irresponsibility
Compulsive mannerisms

Emotional manifestations:
Decline in academics, rise in
problems at school
Suspicious and distrusting of others
Talks about running away
Preoccupation with physical/sexual
topics
Attention-span difficulty
Erratic unpredictable behavior
New questionable friends
Excessive jealousy toward peers,
siblings
Anger, hitting other objects or other
people

ANO ANG
PAGPAPAYO?

Pakikipag-ugnayang tulong
sa pagitan ng humihingi ng
payo (counselee) at ang
nagpapayo (counselor) na
malayang magbibogay ng
payo at may kapasidad at
kakayahang magpayo.

ANO ANG HINDI

MAITUTURING NA
PAGPAPAYO

Nagbibigay lang ng
inpormasyon
Namamahagi ng payo
Panghihikay na ugali,
paniniwala, asal sa
pamamagitan ng paghimok,
pag-akit, mamimilit o
mananakot

LAYUNIN NG PAGPAPAYO
1) Pagaangin o padaliin ang

sariling pagpapayag
2) Pagaangin o padaliin ang
sariling pagkakaunawa
3) Pagaangin o padaliin ang
sariling aksyon o
pagpapasiya

Tungkulin / Gawain ng
Isang Tagapayo

Maghain ng isang ugnayan

pagtulong
Liwanaging ang kaisipan at
mga pakiramdam
Magsaliksik ng mga
pagpipilitan at mga
alternatibo.
Magtakda ng kanilang sariling

KATANGIAN NG ISANG
TAGA-PAYO
Matatag na Damdamin
May Layunin
Mapagkakatiwalaan
Flexible
Nangangalaga sa iyong
kapakanan
Mapang-unawa at Maramdamin

Mga Sagabal sa Pakikipag1. Mag-utos,uusap

Magmando, Utusan,
mag-order

Dapat gawin mo ito.

Hindi mo dapat gawin ito.

Aasan kong gagawin mo ito.

Tumigil ka.

Pumunta ka sa kanya at humingi

ng paumanhin.

Gawin mo ito gaya ng pagkasabi

2. Balaan, Pagsabihan, Takutin

Gawin mo ito, kung hindi.
Kung hindi ko gagawin ito,
ganito
Hindi mo dapat gawin iyon.
Binabalaan kita, pag-ginawa
mo ito..

3. Mag-bigay leksyon,
Mangaral, Magsumamo

Gawin mo ito.
Dapat mong gawin ito.
Pananagutang mong gawin ito.
Katungkulan mong gawin ito.
Kung nais mo, gawin mo ito.
Pilitin mong gawin ito.

4. Pangaralan, Magbigay ng
Munkahi o Kasagutan

Ang iniisip kong gawin mo ay

Hayaan mong magbigay ako ng
mungkahi.
Makabubuti sa iyo kung .
Bakit hindi ka gumawa ng
ibang paraan.
Ang pinakamagandang
solusyon ay.

5. Maghimok na may
pangangatuwiran, magsermon,
makipagtalo

Nauunawaan mo ba na
Ang katunayan ay pabor sa..
Ito ang tamang daam...
Ang karanasan ay nagsasabi na
....
Hayaan mong bigyan kia ng
katunayan....

6. Maghusga, Mamuna,
Kumontra, Manisi

Kumikilos kang parang

hangal
Hindi ka nagiisip ng
diretso.
You are out of line.
Hindi mo ginawang tama.
Ikaw ay mali
Ito ay katangahan sinabi
mo.
Sinaba ko na sa iyo.
Dapat ginawa mo ito...

7. Name Calling, Pangiinsulto, Pagpapahiya

Ikaw ay walang ingat na

manggagawa.
Nagsasalita kang parang
inhinyero.
Talagang nagkamali ka sa
isang ito.
Kung magsalita ay parang
Ilokano.

8. Nagbibigay
kahulugan, ,
Nanunuri, Inaanalisa

Sinasabi mo ito dahil galit ka.

Nananaglihi ka.
Ang talagang kailangan mo
ay
Mayroon kang problema sa
may-kapangyarihan.
Gusto mong magpapogi
You are a bit paranoid.

9. Distracting,
Diverting, Kidding

Think about the positive

side.
Try not to think about it
until youre rested.
Lets have lunch and
forget about it.
That reminds me of the
time when...
You think youve got

Counseling Skills
& Techniques
TO KALAKASAN ANG SARILING PAGPAPAHAYAG

MASIGID NA
NAKIKINIG Inilalagay mo
ang iyong sarili sa kanyang
katauhan o nakikita mo ang
mga bagay sa punto ng ibang
tao.

KASANAYAN
KAILANGAN

Pakikinig
Pakikipanayam
Pagbibigay/
Pagpapagaan
Tugon ng Tagapayo

Pamamaraan para Makapagbigay ng

Sarilia Pagpapahayag
Pagpapakita na Ikaw ay

nakikinig
Muling Paglalahad
Katahimikan
Pagtanggap
Paglilinaw

PAMAMARAAN PARA MAPADALI NG

SARILING PANG-UNAWA
Pangkalahatan Pangunguna
Pagtatanong

Katiyakan
Kasiguruhan
Magbigay ng Inpormasyon
Magbigay ng paliwanag
Magharapan
Pagbubuod

PAMAMARAN PARA MAPADALI ANG

PAGGAWAencourage

Magpalakas ng loob
Magbigay Kasiguruhan
Muling Magbigay katiyakan
Magbigay ng mga
pamamaraan Linawin ang
Kasagutan.

Counseling Skills
& Techniques
TO KALAKASAN ANG SARILING PAGPAPAHAYAG

MASIGID NA
NAKIKINIG Inilalagay mo
ang iyong sarili sa kanyang
katauhan o nakikita mo ang
mga bagay sa punto ng ibang
tao.

PANANAHIMIK Ang
panangdalian pagtigil ay
maaring ilang segundo o ilang
minuto.

Pag ito ay ginawa ng humihingi ng payo:

Hindi na niya alam kung ano ang sasabihin

Kailangan niya ng katiyakan, tulong o

kailangan niya ng pagtitibay sa taga-payo

Nakararanas siya ng is masakit na pakiramdam

na hindi niya maisiwalat kaya lang kailangan
niyang ibahagi sa Taga-payo.

PAGTANGGAP maaring
ipahayag sa salita o aksyon

PAGSASALARAWAN
sinusubukan ng Taga-payo na
maintindihan sa punto ng
humihingi ng payo at ipahayag
sa kanya ng ang pang-unawang
ito.

PAGLILINAW Kailangan ng Taga-payo na

maliwanagan ang sinasabi ng
nanghihingi ng payo kung ito ang ibig
niyang sabihin.

Thank you

To Facilitate Self - Understanding

SUMMARIAZATION - the
counselor summarizes the main
ideas mentioned by the counselee.
INTERPRETATION the counselor
Infers a relationship or a meaning from
what has been said and done by the
counselee.

GENERAL LEADS these are used

to encourage the counselee to
continue talking or to elaborate.
ASSURANCE this technique
communicates to the counselee
that she can take certain actions with
the counselors encouragement and
support.

REASSURANCE this serves

as a reward or reinforcement.
GIVING INFORMATION the
counselor must give information
if it is within her area of competence.
DIRECT QUESTIONING the
counselor decides what questions to
ask and what to ask them.

Encouragers
Variety of verbal & non verbal
means to encourage the other to
continue talking
Examples: head nods, open
palm, Uh Huh!, simple repetition
of what the client has just said

Paraphrasing
*feeding back to the client what was just
said by shortening & clarifying client
comments.
*It is not parroting; it is using some of
your own words plus the important main
words of the client.

Summarization
Similar to paraphrases but cover a
longer time span and information.
Useful to:
*begin or end an interview;
*as a transition to a new
topic
*clarify lengthy & complex
client issues

Reflection of Feeling
*Involves observing client
emotions & feeding key feelings to
the client. Add the affective /
feeling words that are in tune with
the clients emotional experience.

NON-DIRECTIVE LEADS
How do you feel about it?
What seems to be your greatest

obstacle?
How do you suppose you could find
out more about it?
What was your reaction?
How does this affect you?
How do you suppose it will work
out?

What are the other

possibilities?
What have you tried thus far?
What if that doesnt work?
For instance?
What do you think is best?
What have you figured out so
far?
Anything else?
In what way?
Will you fill me in on the
background?

What do you make of it all?

Where do you go from

here?
How do you explain this to
yourself?
Can you give examples?
How does it look right now?
What is you ultimate
objective?

Case #2
Counselee: I really like this
guy and he also likes me. But
my parents do not want me to
have a boyfriend yet.
Counselor: How do you know
that they do not want you to
have a boyfriend? Can you
give me instances? How do
you feel about it? What are
your plans now?

Case #3
Counselee: My parents are too busy
making so much money. They are
both abroad. Sometimes they dont
even come home for Christmas.
Thats why to cope with my
loneliness, I have been taking
Counselor: You are saying that you feel
drugs
.
lonely in the absence of your parents?
And you are taking drugs to cope with
your loneliness? Are your parents
aware of what is happening to you
right now? What else did you do to
avoid loneliness? What had happened?

FACILITATIVE
Case #1 RESPONSES
Counselee: My crush does not
seem to mind me. My grades
are getting lower because I feel
he/she does not care.
Counselor: What do you mean
when you say. How are your
grades affected? Can you tell
me more about it?

Case #4
Counselee: I dont know what
to take in college yet. My
parents want me to be a doctor
but I dont like it.
Counselor: How are you
handling this problem now?
What are the things that you
like doing?

Case #5
Counselee: My boyfriend/
girlfriend and I had a fight last
night. I dont know why he/ she
cant just understand me. I
hate him/ her.
Counselor: Tell me more about
your fight. Are there other
reasons of your fight? What is
it that you want him/ her to
understand?

Clarifying Responses
Based on the 7 Steps of the

VALUING PROCESS

The 7 steps of the Valuing

Process
A. Cognitive: Choosing
1. Choosing freely
2. Choosing from alternatives
3. Choosing after considering
the consequences of each
alternative

The 7 steps of the Valuing

Process
B. Affective: Prizing
4. Feeling good about the choice
5. Affirming the choice publicly
C. Behavioral: Acting
6. Doing something with the choice
7. Acting on it consistently or in
some kind of a fashion or lifestyle

CLARIFYING
RESPONSES
SUGGESTED BY
THE SEVEN STEPS OF
THE VALUING
PROCESS

2. Choosing from alternatives

a. What else did you consider before you picked
this?
b. How long did you look around before you
decided?
c. What were your other choices / alternatives?
d. How did you finally decide on this?
e. What are the reasons behind this choice?
f. Whats really good about this choice which
makes it stand out from the other
possibilities?
g. Who helped you decide on this? Do you need
any further help?

3. Choosing thoughtfully & reflectively

a. What do you see as the possible consequences of
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.

the choices you have mentioned?

How much have you reflected on this?
Who did you consult about this / these?
What are you expecting if you decide on this?
That?
What happens if it does not come out as you
planned it to be?
What did you give up to be able to decide on this?

4. Prizing and Cherishing

Are you glad you feel that way?
How long have you wanted it?
What purpose does it serve?
Why is it important to you?
How much did this cost you?
What did you give up for you to have
this?
g. In what way would life be different
without it?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

5. Affirming the choice

a. Would you tell the class the way you
b.
c.
d.
e.

feel about this?

What happens if you friends disagree
with you on this?
What makes this very important to
you?
What were some negative reactions of
people around regarding this?
How did you handle those people /
reactions?

6. Acting on ones choice(s)

I heard what you really want / decided on.
How do you intend to go about it?
What are your first steps, second steps, etc.?
What do you need to put in (in terms of
effort or material resources?
e. What difficulties do you foresee in going
about this?
f. Are there other resources available to you?
g. What help do you need from me? Us?
h. Who do you think can also be of help?
a.
b.
c.
d.

7. Acting on the choice consistently

What had happened so far?
How do you feel about all these?
What difficulties did you encounter in the
process?
4. What was the most trying situation?
5. How did you deal with those situations?
6. What are the next steps?
7. How much effort has been exerted?
8. Are you considering other alternatives this
time?
9. What do you foresee in the next few
months? Years?
10. What did you learn from this experience?
1.
2.
3.

In a Nutshell
OFTENTIMES TWO
PEOPLE WORKING
TOGETHER FIND EASY
THAT WHICH SEEMS
INSURMOUNTABLE TO
ONE ALONE.

PERSONAL AWARENESS (AND

KNOWING EACH OTHER VALUES
LIVING ROOM

KITCHEN

NARRA

BAMBOO

RACEHORSE

TURTLE

SM

RUSTANS

YES

NO

LUNETA PARK

NO TRESPASSING ZONE

BABY JESUS

CRUCIFIED JESUS