Inorganic

Chemistry

What is Inorganic chemistry

Inorganic chemistryis the study of the synthesis and
behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds.
This field covers allchemical compoundsexcept the
organic compounds(carbon based compounds, usually
containing C-H bonds), which are the subjects of
organic chemistry.
The distinction between the two disciplines is far from
absolute, and there is much overlap, most importantly
in the sub-discipline oforganometallic chemistry.
It has applications in every aspect of the chemical
industryincluding catalysis, materials science,
pigments, surfactants, coatings, medicine, fuel, and
agriculture.

What is Organic Chemistry?

Most organic texts are arranged like this:
Structure and bonding
Acids and bases
Alkanes- reactions of, stereochemistry
Alkenes -
Alkynes -
Alkyl halides -
Benzene-
Alcohols -
Ethers,, epoxides
Carbonyls -
Aldehydes and ketones -
Carboxylic acids and nitriles -
Amines -
Carbohydrates -
Amino acids. Proteins -
Lipids
Heterocycles and nucleic acids

What is Inorganic Chemistry

Many inorganic texts are arranged like this:

Atoms
Atomic
structure

Molecules
Molecular shape
Molecular bonding

Symmetry

That seems pretty straightforward.

Then what?

Ionic compounds

Atoms
Atomic
structure

Molecules
Molecular shape
Molecular bonding

Symmetry

Covalent compounds

OK, so we do one then the other...

Key concepts
Ionic compounds

Atoms
Atomic
structure

Molecules
Molecular shape
Molecular bonding

Symmetry

Ideal lattices,
Silicates,
Defects / Properties,
Semi-conductors,
Covalent ionic
compounds,
Metals,
Band structure/theory

Covalent compounds

Topics cant be boxed

Key concepts
Ionic compounds

Atoms
Atomic
structure

Molecules
Molecular shape
Molecular bonding

Symmetry

Rare earths,
Acid / base concepts,
Transition metal compounds
Liquids / solutions,
Solids,
Clusters,
Organometallics,
Carboranes,
Chalcogenides,
C- chemistry (organic)

Covalent compounds

Inorganic cant be boxed?

Ionic compounds
Biological catalysis

Organic catalysis

Material science

Ideal lattices,
Silicates,
Defects / Properties,
crystallography
Semi-conductors,
Covalent ionic
compounds,
Metals,
photoconductors
Band structure/theory
Rare earths,
Acid / base concepts,
ceramics
Transition metal compounds
Liquids / solutions,
Solids,
Clusters,
spectroscopy
Organometallics,
Carboranes,
Chalcogenides,
C- chemistry (organic)

Covalent compounds

Contrasts with organic Chemistry

Inorganic Compounds

Organic

Compounds
Bond Order
double, triple

single, double, triple

single,

quadruple
Bonding Type, H, CH3 M-H-M, M-CH3-M
Coordination Number

max 9, most common 6

Geometry (CN = 4)

tetrahedral, square planar

C-H
max 4
tetrahedral

Descriptive inorganic chemistry

Descriptive inorganic chemistry focuses on the
classification of compounds based on their properties.
Partly the classification focuses on the position in the
periodic table of the heaviest element (the element
with the highest atomic weight) in the compound,
partly by grouping compounds by their structural
similarities.
When studying inorganic compounds, one often
encounters parts of the different classes of inorganic
chemistry (an organometallic compound is
characterized by its coordination chemistry, and may
show interesting solid state properties).

Descriptive inorganic chemistry

Coordination compounds
Main group compounds
Transition metal compounds
Organometallic compounds
Cluster compounds
Bioinorganic compounds
Solid state compounds

Coordination compounds
[Mn2(CO)10], [Co2(CO)8]
[Ru(PPh3)4Cl2]
K2[Pt(CN)4]
[Cr(NH3)3(H2O)(OH)Cl][NO3]

Coordination compounds (metal complexes)

Metal
n+

L
L
L

Common geometry

nX

L
L

L
L
Tetrahedral

L
L

Counter anion

Ligand

L
L

Square planar

L
Square pyramidal

L
L

L
M
L

L
L

Octahedral

L
Trigonal bipyramidal
14

Main group compounds

Examples: amonia, NaO, KCl, O2, etc
Typical main group compounds are
SiO2, SnCl4, and N2O. Many main
group compounds can also be
classed as organometallic, as they
contain organic groups, e.g., B(CH3
)3). Main group compounds also occur
in nature, e.g.,phosphatein DNA,
and therefore may be classed as
bioinorganic.

Transition metal compounds

Compounds of Transition metal complexes solution.

650

580

800
400
430

[Fe(H2O)6
[Ni(H2O)6]
[Zn(H2O)6]
2+
]3+
[Co(H2O)2+
[Cu(H2O)
6]
6]
2+

560
490

Organometallic compounds
Grignard Reagent

Cluster compounds
Decaborane, also
calleddecaborane(14)
, is theboranewith the
chemical formulaB10H14

Cluster compounds
Iron-sulfur
clustersare ensembles
ofironandsulfide
centres

Bioinorganic compounds

Cyanocobalamin

Cyanocobalamin
(Vitamin B12)

Carbonic anhydrase enzym

Chlorophylls
Cincin porphine dengan
satu ikatan rangkap yang
tereduksi disebut chlorin.
Klorofil merupakan contoh
dari
senyawa
yang
mengandung
cincin
chlorin.

Cisplatin and their derivates

Solid state compounds

YBa2Cu3O7, or YBCO, is a
high temperature
superconductorable to
levitateabove a magnet
when colder than its
critical temperatureof
about 90K (183C

Ionic Solid

Ionic Solid

How I see Inorganic Chemistry. . .

crystallography

Redox Reactions
ceramics
Material science

Biological catalysis

photoconductors

solids
C- chemistry (organic)

Liquids / solutions

Symmetry

Atomic
structure

organometallics

Molecular shape
Molecular bonding

carboranes

Organic catalysis

Transition metal compounds

clusters

Rare earths

chalcogenides

spectroscopy
Acid / base concepts

Another example.....

Theoretical inorganic chemistry

Qualitative theories
Molecular
symmetry group theory

Oxidation - Reduction Reaction

Or Redox reaction =
chemical reactions in
which electrons are
gained, lost (Q: What kind of
bond?) or shared (Q: What kind of
bond?) in a chemical reaction.

________ describes the

loss of electrons by a
molecule, atom or ion.
_________ describes the
gain of electrons by a
molecule, atom or ion.
From the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com