NONPARAMETRIC TEST

NISHAD A
ROLL NO : 08
M TECH, CIM
NSSCE

What is Nonparametric Test

Nonparametric tests are sometimes
calleddistribution-free tests.
Techniques that do not rely on data
belonging to any particular distribution
Non-parametric statistics do not assume
any underlying distribution of parameter.
Non-parametric does not meant that model
lack parameters but that the number and
nature of the parameters are flexible.

Why Nonparametric Test

Sample distribution is unknown.
When the population distribution is
abnormal i.e. too many variables
involved.

USAGE
Decision making/ forecasting.
Simple analysis.
when the outcome is an ordinal
variable or a rank, (such as movie
reviews receiving one to four stars)
when there are definite outliers.
when the outcome has clear limits of
detection.

Parametric vs. non-parametric

tests

Limitations of nonparametric
tests
Nonparametric tests are usually less powerful than
corresponding tests designed for use on data that
come from a specific distribution.
Thus, you are less likely to reject the null hypothesis
when it is false.
Nonparametric tests often require you to modify the
hypotheses.
Most nonparametric tests about the population
center are tests about the median instead of the
mean.
The test does not answer the same question as the
corresponding parametric procedure.

Alternative parametric tests

Types of Non-parametric test

1. One sample test

Chi-square test
One sample sign test

2. Two samples test

Median test
Two samples sign test

3. K-samples test

Median tets
Kruskal Wallis test

Types of Non-parametric
test
Chi-square test (2):
Used to compare between observed and expected data.
1. Test of goodness of fit
2. Test of independence
3. Test of homogeneity

Kruskal-Wallis test for testing whether samples originate from the same
distribution.
used for comparing more than two samples that are
independent, or not related
Alternative to ANOVA.

Wilcoxon signed-rank used when comparing two related samples or repeated

measurements on a single sample to assess whether their
population mean ranks differ.

 Median test Use to test the null hypothesis that the medians of the
populations from which two samples are drawn are
identical.
The data in sample is assigned to two groups, one
consisting of data whose values are higher than the
median value in the two groups combined, and the other
consisting of data whose values are at the median or
below

Sign test:
can be used to test the hypothesis that there is "no
difference in medians" between the continuous
distributions of two random variables X and Y,

Fisher's exact test:

test used in the analysis of contingency where sample
sizes are small

Thank you