Presentation

on
IMPROVEMENT OF CROP
& MANAGEMENT
Submitted by

Jay Ahuja
Class-IX A
Submitted to

Ms. Garima Mam

Improvement of

Crop & Management

Soil Quality

This is the most important factor in farm crop

production.

Soils will determine which plant species yields the

most, the time of harvest, and ultimately the
investment a landowner must make to yield an
acceptable economic return from management.

Soil Profile
The soil profile
shows the layers,
known as horizons
that represent
the soil.
Horizons formed
over the centuries
due mostly form
weathering.
A lettering system
is used to name
the different
horizons.

Where can you find info

on a farms soil?

In the County Soil Survey Map.

There are Tables on several land options such as

Woodland Management and Productivity which provides
a lot of valuable information on the potential for soil
erosion, seedling mortality, species preference, and
tree growth.

County Soils Map

There is even a table in the Soil Survey Map that
evaluates sites for wildlife habitat.

Factors Controlling Plant

Growth

Light

Mechanical Support

Heat

Air

Water

Nutrients

All except for light, involves soil

Major Components of Soil

50%

Soil Texture

Soil texture is separated into three soil

separates based on particle size.

Sand

Silt

Clay

Soil Texture

Silt, clay
- imparts a fine
texture and slow
water and air movement, also
high water holding capacity

Sandy to gravelly
to as lighter soils with
capacity

- are referred
lower water holding

Soil Terminology

Slope
- land topography largely
determines the amount of
drainage, runoff, and
erosion
- the steeper
the land, the more
management is required

The Primary Elements

(cont)

Potassium (K)
- It is essential for
starch formation and translocation of sugars. It is
also essential to the development of chlorophyll. K
helps plants
to over-winter.

Crop Rotation and Cover

Crops
Benefits

crop fertility
- fixed
and recaptured nutrients
Benefits soil structure (tilth)
cover crops add organic matter
variability in root growth
improves
soil pores and water
penetration
Pest management
- breaks
the parasite life cycle
Harvest vs. cover crop is the decision

Some Parting Advice

Seek help when you are not sure

about what you are doing. There are
a lot of resources out there for you.

Dont be like the old farmer who told

the County Agent that he did not
need any advice. He told the Agent
that he has already worn out two
farms and that he had his own way of
doing things.

THANK YOU