Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1 General Principles of Static Full
Chapter 1 General Principles of Static Full
Mechanics:
Branch of physical
sciences concerned with
the state of rest or
motion of bodies
subjected to forces.
10/20/15
Engineering Mechanics
Solid Mechanics
Rigid Bodies
Statics
10/20/15
Fluid Mechanics
Deformable Bodies
Dynamics
Chapter 1 General Principles
10/20/15
Basic Quantities
Length
meter
foot
Time
second
Mass
Force
10/20/15
kilogram
slug
newton
pound
Length
Needed to locate the position
of a point in space and describe
the size of a physical system.
10/20/15
Time
Conceived as a succession of
events. Concepts of STATICS
are time independent.
10/20/15
Mass
A property of matter by which we
can compare the action of one
body to another. This property
manifests itself as a gravitational
attraction between two bodies
and provide a qualitative
measure of the resistance of
matter to a change in velocity.
10/20/15
Force
Generally considered as a push of
a pull exerted by one body on
another. Interaction occurs when
there is direct contact between
the bodies. Gravitational,
electrical and magnetic forces do
not require direct contact. Force
is characterized by magnitude,
direction and point of application.
10/20/15
Idealizations
1. Particle - an object having mass
10/20/15
10
10/20/15
11
10/20/15
12
Newtons Laws of
Gravitational Attraction
m 1m 2
FG
2
r
10/20/15
Where:
F = force of gravitation
G = universal constant
of gravitation
m1,m2= mass of two
particles
r = distance between
two particles
13
Units
1. Basic quantities (force, mass,
10/20/15
14
SI Units
1. Modern version of metric system.
2. Base units are length, time and mass,
meter (m), second (s), and kilogram
(kg)
3. Acceleration of gravity:
m
g 9.81 2
s
10/20/15
15
SI Units
4. Force is derived quantity measured in
unit called a newton
kg m
1N 1
2
s
10/20/15
16
10/20/15
17
lb s
1 slug 1
ft
10/20/15
18
Systems of Units
Name
SI
US
Customar
y
10/20/15
Length
Time
Mass
Force
second
slug
pound
(s)
(lb s2/ft
(lb
19
Unit
Conversions
Unit Conversions
Force : 1 lb 4.4482 N
Mass : 1 slug 14.5938 kg
Length : 1 ft 0.3048 m
10/20/15
20
10/20/15
Exponential form
Prefix
SI
symbol
109
106
103
giga
mega
kilo
G
M
k
10-3
10-6
10-9
milli
micro
nano
21
Concepts to Study
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dimensional Homogeneity
Significant Figures
Rounding Off Numbers
Calculations
10/20/15
22
Dimensional Homogeneity
Each of the terms of an equation must
be expressed in the same units.
s = v t + 1/2 a t2
s is position in meters
v is velocity in m/s
a is acceleration in m/s2
t is time in seconds
m = m/s s + m/s2 s2 = m
10/20/15
23
Significant Figures
1. Accuracy specified by number of
significant figures.
2. Defined as any digit including a
zero (provided it is not used to
specify the location of a decimal
point).
3. 5604 and 34.52 both have four
significant figures
10/20/15
24
Engineering Notation
1. Does 40 have one or two
significant figures?
2. Engineering notation uses
powers of ten with exponents in
multiples of three.
3. 40 written as 0.04 (103) is forty
to one significant figure and
0.040 (103) is forty to two
significant figures.
10/20/15
25
Calculations
When performing calculations
retain a greater number of
digits than the problem data.
Engineers usually round off
final answer to three
significant figures.
Intermediate calculations are
usually done to four
significant figures.
Answer can never have more
significant figures than given
data!
10/20/15
26
km
1000
m
1
h
2 kmis this?
2
h
SOLUTION:
h km 3600 s
Since 1 km = 1000 m and 1 h = 3600 s, the conversion
factors2000
are arranged
so that a cancellation of units can
m
2 kmbe applied.
0.555 5 0.556 m
h
3600 s
m
m
1 ft
ft
ft
0.556
0.556
1.824 1.82
s
s 0.3048 m
s
s
Recall that 1 ft = 0.3038 m
10/20/15
27
28
10/20/15
29