HTH 565 Hotel Design Layout & Landscaping: Bachelor of Hotel Management (Hons.)

HTH 565 HOTEL DESIGN LAYOUT
& LANDSCAPING
BACHELOR OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT (HONS.)
FACULTY OF HOTEL TOURISM & MANAGEMENT

UiTM SHAH ALAM
HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES,
LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS
ALLOCATIONS & REQUIREMENT

HTH 565 HOTEL DESIGN LAYOUT & LANDSCAPING
FACULTY OF HOTEL & TOURISM MANAGEMENT. UiTM SHAH ALAM
LECTURE 8 – WEEK 9
HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS
8.1 ENTRANCE
8.2 LOBBY / RECEPTION HALL
8.3 FRONT DESK & FRONT OFFICE
8.4 CIRCULATION & TRANSPORTATION
8.5 INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.2 LOBBY / RECEPTION HALL
8.4 CLOAKROOMS & TOILET

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.1 Signage
Sign and symbols are important are important aspect of merchandising

service to identify a hotel, provide information and direct visitors to
various facilities.
Signage and graphic design must be consistent throughout the hotel and
coordinated with interior design

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.1 Signage
Restriction
- size, design and illumination are subject to planning control
- Siting outside curtilage maybe prohibited
- Highway authority may install standard road sign
- Licensing and grading symbols need to be displayed at the entrance

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.1 Signage
Identification
- Graphic symbol maybe integrated with building façade
- Hotel name and insignia usually located at side of door or porte-cochere
& road entrance
- Corporate styling is also represented in canopies, flags, exterior
furniture and uniform
Directions
- Clear direction to guest entrance, disabled access, function areas,
recreation club and services area
8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.1 Signage
Illumination
External lighting improves visibility and merchandising, security and
safety. System include;
- Floodlighting & featured lighting
- Colonade lighting of access road, path & parking
- Direct or self illumination sign
- Soft lighting of entrances, windows, interiors

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.2 Landscaping
Landscaping softens the appearance of the building, provide screening and

shelter for car parking and services area, and an improved outlook for
public areas and guestrooms.
In larger site the landscape plan encompasses recreational attractions as

well as lawns and terraces for extensions of hotel facilities.
Generally, landscape design provide a balance of natural and planted areas

with hard paving and features to provide focuses of interest.

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.2 Landscaping
Key planning considearation for interior landscaping are the locations,

degree of permenance, lighting and environmental conditions,
accessibility, watering and drainage, stability, maintenance and
contract.
Contract arrangement are usually employed

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.3 Main Entrance
The appearance presented by the main entrance and its approach is critical
since this tend to typify the hotel.
The entrance must be clearly defined and provide good view of interior.
The main features are;

- Pedestrians
- Taxis, Car
- Coaches
- Disabled

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.3 Main Entrance
The main features are; (cont’d)

- Shelter
- Lighting
- Security
- Luggage
Separate entrance may be required for;

- Banquets
- Leisure Club
- Restaurants/shops

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.3 Main Entrance
Separate entrance may be required for; (cont’d)

- Apartments
- Employees
Refer to Space Relationship Chart

8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.4 Doors
Entrance door must meet exacting functional requirements in addition

retaining a good appearance under condition of repeated use
Alternatives are;
- Revolving doors – with double swing doors on one or both sides
- Double swing with single or double leaves, automatic or manual
- Sliding – automatic operated with swing doors for emergency
Doors must also meet safety and fire escape requirement which, in case of
revolving doors, include governors, sensitive edges and collapse or
folding of leaves under pressure
8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.4 Doors
Swing doors, as rule, are not allowed to open beyond building line and
must be recessed in the front wall
Peformence requirements for doors and frame include rain and wind
exclusion, durability and retention of appearance, resistant to impact
and scraping, ease of movement and closure, security againts forced
entry or breakage and safety in use.
Toughened glass door are often used to reveal the interior but must be
fitted with large distinctive handles or visible markings.
8.1 ENTRANCE
8.1.5 Changes in Level
An elevated entrance is more impressive but steps are liable to cause

accident and difficulties in access for luggage, the disabled and the
elderly.
Location – step setback at least 1.0m and prefrably 2.0m from doorway
Lobby – preferably on one level – unless deliberately to create separate
areas. Stairs should have minimum three risers
Visibility – contrasting edges of nosings, preferably illuminated with
recessed lights
Damage – edges of treads non-slip. Steps, corners and wall resistant to
damage & marking
8.2 LOBBY OR RECEPTION HALL
8.2.1 Size
Usually lobby act as a hub for hotel activities, giving access to all or most of
the public facilities as well as to the guestrooms.
It include circulation, assembly and waiting areas – with strategically

located desks or stations for assistance – and leads directly to front desk
providing reception, information and cashier services.
The overall area depend on sizes and grade of hotel, extent of activities
using the lobby and the pattern of arrivals. Refer to table 6.1 & 6.2

8.2.2 Design
As the main point of entry and initial contact the visual impression created
by the design has a critical role in defining the style and character of the
hotel;
- Chain budget & mid tariff hotels tend to adopt standardized layout &
design features which familiar and reassuring.
- Large urban hotels, which need to attract public interest,, usually
emphasize the expansive, even spectacular, extension of space in atrium
designs. Include other supporting facilities, the lobby, restaurants, bars,
lounges and kiosks
8.2.2 Design
- Luxury hotels generally adopt a more traditional arrangement of linked

halls with emphasis on elegance and individual attention
- Resort hotels often plan the lobby with visual links through recreational
areas and other attractions.

8.2.3 Planning
Circulation
Planned circulation to front desk and guest elevators. Secodary routes to
public rooms, shops, conference areas, e.t.c. circulation routes must
clear of obstruction and congestion. Minimum 2.125m (7’0”) wide
Direction
Signs are required for directions and information including local
regulations regarding safety, mean of escape and registration. Graphic
design must be coordinated with overall interiors and consistent
throughout.
8.2.3 Planning
Assistance
In addition to front desk separate stations or desks may be provided for;
- Bell captain/porter
- Concierge
- Conferences
- Front office manager
Front desks
Main focus of activities and subject to intensive use. Setback at 1.25m from
the circulation incresing to 6m or more for large convention hotels.
8.2.3 Planning
Lounge
Seating are separated from main circulations. Usually about 10% of lobby
space but may extend to form a lobby bar for entertainment. High
quality furniture arranged in informal space with access to refreshment.
Public & House Telephone

Located at quiet area near from desk, should be acoustically treated,
locally illuminated and fitted with shelving

8.2.3 Planning
Promotions
Display cases and vitrines for commercial product. Design must be
coordinated with shop fitting works and hotel graphics
Retail Space
The extent of retail space depend on the size and grade of hotel, location
and commercial viability of shops. Several shops are usually provided in
high-grade resort and city hotels, particularly in developed country.

8.2.3 Planning
Retail Space
Alternative arrangement for retail space include;
- mixed-use shopping malls
- Shops in extended arcade
- Individual shops, stand or kiosk in lobby or atrium areas.
Retail concessions generally fall into four groups. Refer table 6.3

8.2.4 Luggage Handling
In large hotel, particularly for tour and convention groups, a separate

entrance may be provided for luggage.
This should have access to;

- Bell captain or porterage station
- Luggage store / 0.05m2 per room
- Luggage elevator: with trolley access

8.2.5 Materials
Lobby area subject to intensive use and frequent refurbishment is

generally difficult and disruptive.
Durable materials are essential in areas subject to high traffic, impact or
scraping.
The design and choice of materials will influenced by the style and
sophistication of the hotel.
Particular attention are given to
- durability, maintenance of appearance
- Fire safety (see section 5.6)

8.2.5 Materials
Flooring material include dense marble and terrazzo, decorative tiling,

stone, vinyl and composition flooring – usually soften by carpet strips or
squares
Wall are often dry lined to allow easy access to services and include
laminated wood, plastic, metal and glass paneling.
Ceiling construction may require large structural voids to house air-
conditioning, lighting, sound, sprinkler and other engineering system

8.3.1 Reception Services
The reception areas provides for a number of activities;

- Guest reception and registration
- Cashier and accounting, money changing, deposits and values.
- Information, keys, mail, messages, brochures (concierge)
refer table 6.4

8.3.2 Size & Arrangement
Desk space requirement depend on size of hotel, grade or standards and

patterns of arrival and departures
The desk is usually planned around 1.5 – 1.8m equipped workstations, this
length allowing for two accompanying guest, a degree of separation and
privacy in transaction and space for equipment
Refer table 6.5

8.3.3 Planning
Counter must be arranged as an integral part of reception area and as

focus of interest.
This area should be column free to allow clear visibility and circulation
The lobby height may be reduced over the front counter for more
concentrated local lighting intensities and acoustics treatment.
Easy access must be provided to the supporting front office areas through
short passages or lobbies providing visual and noise screening. See
section 6.3.7
8.3.3 Planning
Counters must be stback at least 1.25m from circulation routes increasing

to 3m for a busy convention hotel.
Working space behind the counter is a minimum 1.2 – 1.5m. The back wall
may be use for cupboards and racks or decorative features

8.3.4 Counter Design
Counters are provided with two overlapping worktop: typically 1070mm

height for guest use and 760mm for a seated work area.
The work counters need to provide space for equipment such as video
display unit and panel boards.
These are recessed and angled to allow clesr visibility from a seated or
standing position

8.3.4 Counter Design
Local lighting to workstation ust be positioned to avoid glare, screen

veiling and shadow
Material
Counter construction is usually of timber or metal framing with hardwood,

laminated or moulded plastic surfaces or decorative durable panels
such as marble and terrazzo.

8.3.5 Equipment.
Technical advances with the use of computer-operated systems have

revolutionized hotel operations.
Front counters need to be designed to house terminals, printers, and other

equipment, to allow for servicing, replacement and extension with out
major reconstruction.
Refer page 208

8.3.6 Office Requirement
Offices for hotel management and related needs an be group into three
areas;
- Reservation and Accounting Offices
- Executive Offices
- Specialist Offices
Refer table 6.6

8.3.7 Front Office Planning
Depending on the location, individual offices are usually clustered together

around communal work areas. The front office and executive office are
either grouped together or planned to allowed staff circulation separate
from public areas.
Access to public areas is required at a number of places to facilate
operations.
- Lobby; front office manager-with reception area
banquet sales office-with reception area
- Lobby or Corridor; executive offices-access for management
Allocation for office requirement as per table 6.7 & 6.8
8.3.8 Safe Deposit Areas
As rule, hotels are responsible only for loss of a limited value of guest
belongings from rooms
Deposit facilities for valueables may take two forms;
- Safe deposit area adjacent to front desk
- Individual safes provided in guestrooms.
Safes must be installed for cash received, cash and currencies changing
transaction and payments (wages, petty cash)

8.3.8 Telephone Operation & Other Services
The telephone operator’s room is often grouped with the front desk to
facilitate duel use at night when minimal staff on duty
Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) are usually installed and the
automatic switchgear and terminal equipment is housed separately.
Refer table 6.9

8.3.8 Telephone Operation & Other Services
Other Electronic Service

Space provision to house technical equipment and ducting or trunking for
cabling systems is required for;
- Background music, public announcement and paging systems
- Television & radio system
- Clock systems
- CCTV monitoring & security systems
- Metering of telephone and other guest services
- Computer operated system (front office, accounting, energy & e.t.c)

8.4 CLOAKROOMS & TOILETS
8.4.1 Planning
Toilet facilities are normally required near;

- Main Lobby
- Restaurants & Bars
- Banquet Halls, Conference Rooms – with nearby cloakrooms
- Front Office – for staff
For space allocation refer table 6.10

8.4.1 Planning
Location
Public toilets should be sited discreetly adjacent to the corridors leading to
restaurants and bars but not directly accessible from street (security)
For separate banquet and conference users, toilets and cloakrooms are
near entrance foyer with generous circulation space and screening

8.4.1 Planning
Space
Number of fitments and space requirements are dictated by the numbers of
people accommodated
Cloakrooms
Cloakrooms facilities are essential for banquets, function and conference
groups and some provision maybe required for restaurant users.
For security, attendant operated services are preferred.

8.4.2 Design Requirements
Toilet areas must include visual screening from public areas and a
separately ventilated intervening space maybe required for entry
from a room
An ante-room or powder room should be provided where practiciable.
High quality durable fitments and finishes are important to maintain
standards. Refer table 6.11

8.5.1 Flow Patterns

Hotel and resort activities involve extensive movements of guests, visitors,
staff, goods and services.
These need to be planned for convenience and operational efficiency while
also meeting requirements for safety and security.
The flow patterns of guests and visitors provide the basis for planning most
services including parking, front desk registration and check out,
elevator requirements, demands on housekeeping and other
departmental staff and engineering loading calculations.
Standards of provision vary depending on the sensivity to cost (price) or
the level of service

8.5.2 Corridors & Stairs
Public Areas
In public areas, corridors represent a loss of space and adaptability. As far
a possible, circulation should be through areas which have other uses
(lounges, shopping malls, conference foyers) or which serve as focal
point for multiple activities such as lobbies.
Other Areas
The space taken up by corridors, stairs and elevators usually represent
between 25% to 35% of the total built-up area of guestrooms and 15-
20% of other areas.
8.5.3 Fire Regulations
Travel Distances
The number and position of exit doors from rooms and the length of
corridors between enclosed staircases are determined by the permitted
travel distances.

8.5.3 Fire Regulations
Egress
Circulation through lobbies and foyers is usually acceptable for up to 50%
of fire requirements if;
- Protected (2hrs. Fire resistance) from areas below.
- Constructed with linings which are non-propagating for fire or have a
low rate of surface flame spread
- Fitted with automatic sprinklers
Construction
Refer to table 6.12.
8.5.4 Corridor Widths

Minimum widths for corridors and stairs are determined by the numbers
of persons who might need to use these routes for fire escape.
Widths also need to take account of wheelchair and trolley dimension.
Refer to table 6.13

8.5.5 Other Requirements, Corridor for Goods & Services and Staircases
Refer page 214-216.

8.6.1 Elevator Services
Planning
The main guest elevators should be in sight of the front desk and
preferably group together for economy and mainteneance.
Stairs should be adjacent to allow alternative and emergency use
Elevators Lobby
Lobbies must at least 1/3 wider than the adjacent corridor. Ashtrays,
mirror and seats may be provided but must not obstruct circulations
Lighting must be independent and preferably 150 lux (15lumen persqft)

Grouping
A bank of four elevators is usually the maximum. For larger numbers,
elevators should be arranged in facing parallel rows of four, with lobby
widths of about 3.5m between bank of guestroom elevators and 4.2m
between those to public rooms
Grouping is also used to distinguish elevators serving zones or groups of
floors, and express elevators to penthouse or rooftop restaurants, etc.

Separation
Separate elevators are usually provided for;
- Basement carpark
- Firemen’s Access
- Leisure Use

Machine Room
Traction driven equipment is normally located over the lift shaft in a
rooftop or pent house enclosure with clearence above top landing,
allowing for overrun
The machine room houses motors, pulleys, controls and hoisting beam with
space to enable cars to be removed for servicing

8.6.2 Types of Elevators
Hydraulics
Traction Drive
8.6.3 Technical Features

Refer page 218

8.6.4 Escalators
Escalators are used to transport large numbers of people over a limited

numbers of floors, namely;
- Multilevel shopping centers with hotel lobby on the higher floor
- Large convention, ballrooms and exhibition rooms above or below
ground level
The floor taken up by escalator is extensive, but this may be justified by the
high capacity and convenience
Refer table 6.15

8.6.5 Service Circulations & Planning
Refer table 6.16

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HTH 565 HOTEL DESIGN LAYOUT

FACULTY OF HOTEL TOURISM & MANAGEMENT

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

Sign and symbols are important are important aspect of merchandising

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

Landscaping softens the appearance of the building, provide screening and

In larger site the landscape plan encompasses recreational attractions as

Generally, landscape design provide a balance of natural and planted areas

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

Key planning considearation for interior landscaping are the locations,

Contract arrangement are usually employed

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.1.3 Main Entrance

The main features are;

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.1.3 Main Entrance

The main features are; (cont’d)

Separate entrance may be required for;

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.1.3 Main Entrance

Separate entrance may be required for; (cont’d)

Refer to Space Relationship Chart

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

Entrance door must meet exacting functional requirements in addition

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.1.5 Changes in Level

An elevated entrance is more impressive but steps are liable to cause

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.2 LOBBY OR RECEPTION HALL

It include circulation, assembly and waiting areas – with strategically

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.2 LOBBY OR RECEPTION HALL

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.2 LOBBY OR RECEPTION HALL

- Luxury hotels generally adopt a more traditional arrangement of linked

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.2 LOBBY OR RECEPTION HALL