ECONOMIC HISTORY OF CANADA

PRESENTED BY: MANDEEP KAUR BAINS

SHEENAM & VINIT

THE FIRST NATIONS

Native peoples of Canada

Came from Asia 12,000 years ago

Crossed Bering Land Bridge that joined Russia to

Alaska

12 tribes made up the First Nations

Canada's economic history begins with the

hunting, farming and trading societies of theFirst
Nations

No monetary system was followed.

Canada made up of

Indianrefers to all Aboriginal people who are not

Inuit or Mtis.

TheInuit, which means the people in the

Inuktitut language, live in small, scattered
communities across the Arctic.

TheMtisare a distinct people of mixed Aboriginal

and European ancestry, the majority of whom live
in the Prairie provinces

About 65% of the Aboriginal people are First

Nations, while 30% are Mtis and 4% Inuit.

The First Europeans

European exploration began in earnest in 1497 with the expedition of John Cabot, who was
the first to draw a map of Canadas East Coast.
The Vikings from Iceland who colonized Greenland 1,000 years ago also reached Labrador
and the island of Newfoundland.

CARTIER'S NEW FRANCE

Jacques Cartier sailed up the St. Lawrence River in 1534 and claimed the land for France.
French colonists named the area New France

QUEBEC
In 1608--Samuel de Champlain built the first permanent French settlement in Quebec.
Many people moved inland to trap animalshats made of beaver fur were in high demand
in Europe

Atlantic fisheries

The earliest European settlements in Canada were thefisheries of the East Coast, especially
theGrand BanksoffNewfoundland. Boats from France, Portugal, Spain, and Great Britain
would traverse theAtlantic fish for a summer and then return laden with fish.

Fur trade
Thefur trade was key to the development of the Canadian interior. In Europe, hats
frombeaverpelts had become especially fashionable and valuable, and the forests of North
America were home to many of the creatures.

Agriculture & Farming

Farming was generally quite profitable, especially after 1896. The major changes involved
mechanization of technology and a shift toward output of high-grade consumer oriented
products," such as milk, eggs and vegetables for the fast-growing urban markets

Rise of new industries

In 1871 two great industries milling and lumbering

In 1920 minimum wages legislation

Rapid industrialization between 1896 and 1914

1890 rise of electrical equipment's and chemicals industry

1900 rise of cars and aluminum industry

1890 1914 pulp and paper

1920 radio and home appliances

1940 aircraft

1970 nuclear power

Coal and steel

Many factories started to grow in 1879

when dominion tariff was raised

Mid 19th century coal and steel began

to edge out wood and sail

When the railway building boomed in

post 1900 the coal and steel industry
started making more money and
raised small industries.

War and economic depression

Great depression between 19141940, difficult conditions phrase

for Canada's economy.

Price increased for manufactured

goods which came from outside.

Price of primary products remained

unchanged

Oil and Gas

First oil was discovered in 1778 at

Athabasca oil sand.

1945 new resource base

development was oil, gas and
potash.

increase in pipeline networks

BC started producing oil and gas

Manitoba & BC acquired

hydroelectric plants and aluminum
smelting