V Encompasses the medical history

requirement for the donor, physical

examination and serologic testing of the
donor blood
V May preclude a potential donor from the
donation process
Ohree types of donors
V Voluntary / non-remunerated blood donor
V Family / replacement donor
V Professional / commercial blood donor
V onates blood of their own will
V Advantages:
? Vower incidence and prevalence of transfusion
transmissible infection
? Absence of risk anemia on part of donor
? onors have expressed a commitment to donate
blood during emergency situations
V jequired to donate blood when a member of
the patient¶s family requires it
V „nly donates blood when compensation is
given in exchange of the donation
V isadvantages:
? ²ncrease prevalence of transfusion transmissible
infection
? onors may be undernourished
V Minimum of 110 pounds (lbs) / 50 kg
V ²f the donor¶s weight is below 110 pounds,
? Amount of blood collected and anticoagulant
used must be proportionately reduced.
V Amount of blood to be drawn:
Allowable amount in mV
onor¶s weight (lbs) X 450 mV
110 lbs 92 lbs X 450 mV = 376.36 mL
110 lbs

V Amount of anticoagulant
needed in mV:
Allowable amount X 14
100 376.36 mV X 14 mV = 52.69 mL
100
V Amount of anticoagulant to be
removed:
63 mV ± anticoagulant needed 63 mV ± 52.69 = 10.31 mL
Oemperature Pulse Blood Hemoglobin
‡ Should not ‡ Should be Pressure ‡ Greater than or
exceed 37.5 between 50 ‡ Systolic: less equal to 12.5 g/dV
°C or 99.5 °F and 100 than or equal ‡ etermination is
b.p.m. to 180 mm based on Copper
Hg sulfate method
‡ iastolic: less (based on specific
than or equal gravity)
to 100 mm
Hg
Hematocrit Skin Vesions Medical history
‡ Greater than or
equal to 38%
 Mild

Moderate

Severe
 onor jeactions
Mild Moderate Severe
‡ onor exhibits sign of ‡ onor exhibits signs ‡ onor exhibits signs
shock but does not and symptoms similar and symptoms of
show loss of to mild reaction and shock and loss of
consciousness loss of consciousness consciousness
‡ Nausea or vomiting, ‡ atients may ‡ Convulsions can be
hyperventilation, hyperventilate and caused by cerebral
twitching and muscle exhibit fall in systolic ischemia, marked
spasm, sweating, pressure to mm g hyperventilation
dizziness
‡ Syncope or fainting
may be idiopathic
V Oo provide viable and functional blood
components for patients requiring blood
transfusion
V Viability
? Measure of in-vivo jBC survival following
transfusion wherein 75% of cells transfused
should remain viable for 24 hours
V Blood is stored in liquid state between 1°C to
6°C
 Approved Anticoagulant
Preservative Solutions
Abbreviation ays
Acid Citrate extrose AC 21
Citrate Phosphate CP 21
extrose
Citrate Phosphate CPA-1 35
extrose Adenine
Citrate Phosphate CP2 21
ouble extrose
V Added to jBCs after removal of the plasma
with/without platelets
V jemoval of plasma component during
preparation of jBC concentrates removed
much of the nutrients needed
? Oo maintain jBC during storage
 Composition of Additive Solutions
(mg/100mL)
AS-1 AS-3 AS-5
(Adsol) (Nutricel) (Optisol)
extrose 2200 1100 900
Adenine 27 30 30
Monobasic 0 276 0
Additive Solutions
Abbreviation ays
sodium
phosphate
Mannitol 750 0 525
Adsol AS-1 42 Sodium 900 410 877
chloride
Nutricel AS-3 42 Sodium citrate 0 58 0
Primary bag CP CP2 CP
anticoagulant
„ptisol AS-5 42
preservative
 Piochemical Characteristics
AS-1 AS-3 AS-5
(Adsol) (Nutricel) („ptisol)
Storage period 42 42 42
(days)
pH at 37°C 6.6 6.5 6.5
24-hour survival 83 85.1 80
AOP (% initial) 68 67 68.5
2,3 PG (% 6 6 5
initial)
Hemolysis (%) 0.5 0.7 0.6
V ñsed for autologous units and storage of
rare blood types
V ²nvolves addition of cryoprotective agent to
the jBCs that are less than 6 days old
V Glycerol
? Most commonly used and is added to jBCs
slowly with vigorous shaking
 Advantage High Glycerol Low Glycerol
1. ²nitial freezing - 80°C - 196°C
temperature
2. Need to control freezing No Yes
rate
3. Oype of freezer Mechanical Viquid nitrogen
4. Maximum storage - 65°C - 120°C
temperature
5. Shipping requirements ry ice Viquid nitrogen
6. Effect of changes in Can be thawed and Critical
storage temperature refrozen
 jPC Freezing
Advantages isadvantages
Vong term storage (10 years) Oime consuming process
Maintenance of jBC viability Higher cost of equipment and
and function materials
Vow residual leukocytes and Storage requirements (-65°C)
platelets
jemoval of significant Higher costs of product
amounts of plasma proteins
V ñsed to salvage „-type and rare jBC units
that are at outdate
V ²nitial rejuvenation solution contained
phosphate, inosine, glucose, pyruvate and
adenine (P²GPA)
V Accomplished by incubating jBC unit at
37°C for 1 hour with 50mV of the
rejuvenating solution