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Functions of Kidney
Functions of Kidney
FUNCTIONS OF KIDNEY
excretory function
homeostatic function
endocrine function
metabolic function
EXCRETORY FUNCTION
This include formation and excretion
of urine.
The main step involved are
Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion
Filtration
Renal corpuscle
Filtration membrane
Fenestrated endothelium of capillaries
Basement membrane of glomerulus
Slit membrane between pedicels of
podocytes
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Juxtaglomerular cells lie in the wall of
afferent arteriole
Macula densa in final portion of loop
of Henle monitor Na+ and Cl- conc.
and water
Control blood flow into the
glomerulus
Control glomerular filtration
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Tubular reabsorption
Water, glucose, amino acids, urea,
ions
Sodium diffuses into cell; actively
pumped out drawing water with it
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Loop of Henle
Responsible for producing a
concentrated urine by forming a
concentration gradient within the
medulla of kidney.
When ADH is present, water is
reabsorbed and urine is
concentrated.
Counter-current multiplier
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ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS
Kidneys have primary endocrine function since they
produce hormones
In addition, the kidneys are site of degradation for
hormones such as insulin and aldosterone.
In their primary endocrine function, the kidneys
produce erythropoietin, renin and prostaglandin.
Erythropoietin is secreted in response to a lowered
oxygen content in the blood. It acts on bone marrow,
stimulating the production of red blood cells.
METABOLIC FUNCTION
Kidney perform gluconiogenesis
during periods of starvation.
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