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Brain Tumor
Brain Tumor
Tumor
Brain tumor
Outlines
Introduction
Definition
Classification of brain tumors
Risk factors for brain tumors
Signs and symptoms of brain tumor
Diagnosis of brain tumor
Treatment of brain tumor
Nursing management
Brain tumor
Introduction
A brain tumor is a
localized intracranial
lesion which occupies
space with the skull
and tends to cause a
rise in intracranial
pressure.
Classification of brain
tumors
Brain tumors can be benign or malignant
Classification of brain
tumors
(cont)
Classification of brain
tumors
(cont)
Classification of brain
tumors
(cont
)
Malignant brain tumors:
Malignant
brain
tumors
are
generally more serious and often is
life threatening. It may be primary
(the tumor originate from the brain
tissue) or secondary (metastasis
from others tumor elsewhere in the
body).
Usually benign
Slow growing
Well circumscribed
Easily excisable
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
The most benign out of
all astrocytomas
They do not spread
Grade I
Non-infiltrating
Grade II
Infiltrating
Slow growing
Astrocytoma
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
Grade III
Infiltrating
Aggressive
Astrocytoma Grade IV
Grade IV
Highly infiltrative
Rapidly growing
Areas of necrosis
Accoustic Neuroma
Benign
Schwannoma cells
CN VIII
Medullablastoma
Small cell embryonal
neoplasms
Malignant
HCP/ICP
CNS Lymphoma
Being male
Race
Age
Family history
Being
exposed
to
radiation
or
certain
chemicals at work
Decrease
in
level
consciousness
such
confusion and lethargy.
Headache
of
as
Papilledema
optic nerve)
disturbance
Alteration
edema of
and visual
in mental status.
Physical exam
Neurological examination
Brain CT scan
MRI on brain
Angiogram
Spinal tap
Biopsy
Radiological Imaging
Computed Tomography scan (CT scan) with/withoutcontrast
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with/withoutcontrast
Plain filmsMyelographyPositron Emission Tomography scan (PET scan)-
LP/CSF analysisPathology-
Resection
Craniotomy
Stereotaxis Surgery
Biopsy
Transsphenoidal
Increased ICP
Hematoma
Hypovolemic shock
Hydrocephalus
Atelectasis
Pulmonary edema
Meningitis
Fluid and electrolyte
imbalances (ADH)
Wound infection
Seizures
CSF leak
Edema