Antibiotics

Protein Synthesis inhibitors

By:
Dr. Ayman m. Helal, Pharmacology Department
Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University
 Mechanism of Action of different Antibiotics

2
Protein Synthesis inhibitors
Protein Synthesis inhibitors

Tetracyclin -Amino Chloram- Macrolids

glycoside Phinicol Erythromycin
Low lipid sol. Clarithromycin
-Tetracycline * Streptomycin Chloramphinicol Azithromycin
-Oxytetracyclin * Gentamycin & Roxithromycin
-Chlotetracyclin Amikacin Spiramycin
* Neomycin & Thiamphenicol
-Demeclocyclin
Kanamycin
Lincosamine
High lipid sol. Clindamycin
-Doxycyclin
-Minocyclin
 Pharmacokinetcs
Macrolids Chloram Amino- Tetracyclin
phinicol Glycoside
High lipid Low lipid

well well Poor complete Incomplete A

by milk,Ca↓ ↓ by milk, Ca Oral

All over All over Extracellular All over All over D

Not CSF Pass No Pass Pass BBB
Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Placenta
Prostatic CSF Renal cortex Bone Bone Conc. In
fluid Aqueos Inner ear Teeth Teeth
PMNL humor
Milk & bile

Hepatic Conj. Little Conj. Conj. M

Glucuronic Glucuronic Glucuronic
acid acid acid
Bile Urine Urine Mino(urine, Urine (main) E
Milk unchanged milk,bile) Milk
Bile Doxy (feces Bile
only)
 Mechanism of Action

A
Mechanism of Resistance

Macolids Chloramphinicol Aminoglycoside Tetracycline

↓ Drug uptake Inability to ↓ Drug uptake Inability to
↓50S affinity to penetrate the accumulate drug
antibiotic organism
plasmid-associated plasmid- plasmid-encoded
erythromycin associated resistance protein
esterase synthesis of (active D. efflux)
(active D. efflux) enzymes

Presence of acetyl Ribosomal

coenzyme A protection protein
transferase (enzyme)
(R factor) (enzyme)
 Tetracyclin -Amino Chloram- Macrolids
-Gram +ve
glycoside phinicol
-Gram –ve Bacilli -Gram +ve -Gram +ve
-Gram –ve -Gram +ve Cocci - Gram –ve - Gram –ve
-Chlamydia -T.B -Salmonilla -Chlamydia
-Spirochetes -Rickettsi -Spirochetes
-Mycoplasma Uses -Mycoplasma
-Rickettsi * Streptomycin
TB , IE , Plague Uses
* Gentamycin & * Of choice in
Uses Amikacin: Uses Pertussis
* +ve & -ve: severe –ve inf 1) Typhoid Diphtheria
RT , ENT Psudomonus 2) Paratyphoid Atypical
Enteritis IE , MRSA 3) Meningitis pnumonia
Bacillary inf. Topical inf. 4) Mixed inf. Chlamydial inf.
UTI * Neomycin & 5) Rickettsial inf * STD
STD Kanamycin 6) Eye & ear inf. * Penicillin Allergy
Skin & eye inf. Local use only * Prophylaxis of RF
* Rickettsial inf intest. preop. * Acne (topical)
* Chlamydial inf hyperlipidemia
* Amebiasis Chest inf. (inh) Spectrum & Uses
Tetracyclin Side effect
Aminoglycoside Side effect

Effect

Toxicity

Effect

Toxicity
Chloramphenicol Side effect
Macrolids Side effect
THANK YOU