Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Group Technology
Group Technology
Chapter 10
GROUP TECHNOLOGY
GROUP TECHNOLOGY IS A MANUFACTURING
TECHNIQUE AND PHILOSOPHY TO INCREASE
PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY BY EXPLOITING THE
UNDERLYING SAMENESS OF COMPONENT
SHAPE, DIMENSIONS, PROCESS ROUTE, ETC.
HIGH
PR
VOLUME
TRANSFER
LINE
SPECIAL
SYSTEM
FL
E
OD
UC
TIO
X IB
IL I
TY
NC
AP
AC
I
TY
FLEXIBLE
MANUFACTURING
SYSTEM
MANUFACTURING
Cells
STD. AND GEN.
MACHINERY
LOW
VARIETY
HIGH
Everyday Examples
1. Fast food chains
2. Doctors, dentists and also manufacturing
A FAMILY OF PARTS
Production Family
DESIGN
ENGINEERING
MAINTENANCE
INVENTORY
TOOL
ENGINEERING
PLANNING
ESTIMATING
PURCHASING
INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS
ASSEMBLY
QUALITY
CONTROL
MANAGEMENT
MFG.
ENGINEERING
R&D
COST
ACCOUNTING
SALES
GT
SHIPPING &
RECEIVING
Examples:
Part Design Attributes
Major processes
Minor operations
Fixtures needed
Length/diameter ratio
Surface finish
Tolerances-----machine tool
Operation sequence
Major dimension
Tooling
Batch size
CODE
SPACE
Hierarchical Structure
32XX
Ele
ctr
ica
321X
323X
er
Po
w
UNF thread
hr
ea
d
No
t
ad
re
th
3222
C
UN
3221
3232
3223
g
in
322X
ei v
3231
c
Re
Mechanical
Transmission
Hy
lic
u
a
dr
3233
Hybrid Structure
Polycode
Monocode
Polycode
12 18 24
Time (months)
36
Proliferation Of Parts
Selection of optical instrument parts in one company,
Illustrating the similarity between certain components
Conceptual design
Design
archive
Existing designs
Design modification
New Design
Technique:
1. Determine part and machine requirements
2. Numerically code each part
Geometry (& size)
Material
Other specifications (tolerance,
Surface finish)
3. Form a family of similar parts which use
(Largely) the same set of machine tools
4. Lay out of each cell (a group of machine
Tools) to make a family of parts
5. Design group tooling
Example:
L
L
Drilling
Milling
Lathe
L
L
M
M
M
M
Grinding
L
L
M
Assembly
Receiving and
Shipping
PROCESS-TYPE LAYOUT
G
A
Receiving
Shipping
Cellular Layout
Department #2
D
Department #1
M
D
I
L
Department #3
L
M
M
2nd Digit
main shape
2
3
Rotational
3rd Digit
rotational
machining
5th Digit
4th Digit
additional
plane surface holes teeth &
matching
forming
External
shape
element
Internal
shape
element
Machining
of plane
surfaces
Other holes
and teeth
Main shape
Rotational
machining
Machining
of plane
surfaces
Other holes
teeth and
forming
Main bore
& rotational
machining
Machining
of plane
surfaces
Other holes
teeth and
forming
4
5
6
7
8
9
Special
Non-rotational
Positions
with a
digit
Form Code
Main shape
Main shape
Main shape
Special
Supplimentary
code
Digit
6 7 8 9
Dimensions
Material
Original shape of raw materials
Accuracy
1st Digit
part class
Typical
Process
Planning
System
Engineering
drawing
Process
planner
XX
X
Process planning
system
Code or
other form
of input
Process
Industrial engineer
Time standard
Operation
instruction
Layout
Part
programmer
APT Program
APT Processor
& post-processor
Production planner
Scheduling
MPP
Process Planning
Process planning is that function within a manufacturing
Facility that establishes which machining processes and
Parameters are to be used (as well as those machines capable
Of performing these processes) to convert (machine) a piece
Part from its initial form to a final form predetermined
(usually by a design engineer) from an engineering drawing.
(I.E. The preparation of the detailed work instructions to
Produce a part)
Process planning bridges design and
manufacturing
Bridge
Design
Manufacturing
1. Preparatory Stage Of
Variant
Process Planning
Part Drawing
Coding
Family One
Standard
Plan
File
Family Formation
Process Plan
(Indexed
by Family
Matrix)
Coding
Family Search
Process Plan
Editing
Standard Plan
Retrieval
Standard
Plan
File