BRAKE FAILURE

INDICATOR

INTRODUCTION
Though the world is getting
modernized, we have to face so
many problems one such problem
is accidents.
One common cause for accidents
is brake failure. In such a
situation our project brake failure
indicator plays an important role
in controlling accidents.

 Brake failure indicator circuit is a

circuit that constantly monitors
the condition of the brake.
The sensor which is attached to
circuit get the chance of brake
failure by monitoring the brakes
switch and reminds you of the
condition of the brake every time
when the brake is applied.

AIM

The main objective of this project is to avoid

accidents.

The specific objectives of this project were ,

To save life.
To avoid small number of accidents involving trains
and boats caused by brake failure.
To measure the change in hydrolytic pressure.
To indicate the failure of brake switch.
It can control all the moving units in the vehicle.
It can measure fluid leakage.
To connect the audio visual indicator with a sensor.
To measure the fluid breaking pressure.
To identify whether the brake is working or not.

INSTRUCTIONS TO FOLLOW
Always use to the vehicles with
negative grounding.
Keep the sensor attached to the
brake switch.
Always keep the buzzer tone
high
Check the level of fluid leakage
regularly.

SIGNIFICANCE
It is very easy to use.
Monitors the brake switch.
Indicate brake failure and the
function of the brake whenever the
brake is applied.
It is less expensive compared to
other products.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

 CIRCUIT MAINLY CONSISTS OF :

Switching circuits
Voltage comparator
Monostable multivibrator
Indication devices

WORKING
The circuit comprises of ICs, seven
resistors, seven capacitors, two LED,
Two diodes and a buzzer. The circuit
uses an op-amp (IC 2) as voltage
comparator and timer in monostable
configuration for alarm. IC 2 senses
the voltage level across, the brake
switch.
LED Normally, when the brake is not
applied, the output of IC2 remains
high and the red glows

 When the brake pedal is pressed, pin 2

of IC2 gets a higher voltage from the
brake switch and its output goes low to
switch off the red LED
The circuit can be assembled on any
general purpose PCB or perforated
board. The circuit can be powered form
the vehicles battery.
The power supply should be taken from
the ignition switch and the circuit
ground be clamped to the vehicles body.
A bicolor LED can be used in place of
LED1 and LED2 if desired.

COMPONENTS

IC 7812
7812 is a famous IC which is being
widely used in 12V voltage regulator
circuits. Truly speaking it is a
complete standalone voltage
regulator. We only need to use two
capacitors, one on the input and
second one on the output of 7812 in
order to achieve clean voltage output
and even these capacitors are
optional to use.

IC 3140
AS COMPARATOR:
The operational amplifier is a type of
amplifier that can be use in a lot of
different arrangements to create
filters, comparators, integrators,
inverting/non-inverting amplifiers
etc... In the picture below, you can
see the schematic representation of
an op-amp and it's different
terminals.

IC 555
AS MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR:
The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit
(chip) used in a variety of timer, pulse
generator and oscillator application. The
circuit arrangement of the 555 is said to be
even more common, being incorporated in
many single voltage flash and other
electrically erasable ICs where it is basis for
the oscillator during the change pump which
provides the programming over voltage.

MONOSTABLE MODE
In the monostable mode, the 555 timer acts as a "single"
pulse generator. The pulse begins when the 555 timer
receives a signal at the trigger input that falls below a
third of the voltage supply. The width of the output pulse
is determined by the time constant of an RC network,
which consists of a capacitor and a resistor. the output
pulse ends when the voltage on the capacitor equals 2/3
of supply voltage.
The output pulse width of timet, which is the time it
takes to charge C to 2/3 of the supply voltage, is given by

t=RC ln(3)

It also consists of

Pressure sensor
LED
Diode
Resistor
Capacitor
Buzzer

PCB Design
The various steps involves in PCB fabrication are
listed in below
Prepare the components layout into PCB layout.
Convert the copper-clad sheet into desired size
Clean the copper-clad sheet.
Trace the PCB layout on the copper side
Prepare etching solution by mixing ferric chloride
with water.
Etch the PCB for the desired time.
Clean the PCB and drill the pad.
Solder the components according to the circuit
diagram.

ADVANTAGES
Simple circuit.
Low cost.
No need of external battery, circuit
uses the batter of the vehicle it self.
Power consumption is comparably is
less.
Does not depend on the petrol level.

DISADVANTAGES
Charge of the battery will be reduced as it
is used for working of both car and Brake
Failure Indicator circuit.
It can be used only in vehicles which are
negatively grounded.
It is very unusual for a vehicle to suffer
total failure of the braking system.
The brake switch is fluid operated and
doesnt function if the fluid pressure drops
to leakage.

FUTURE SCOPE
The brake failure indicator is applicable it has so many
limitations.

The circuit will work only in vehicles with negative grounding.

The brake switch is fluid operated and doesnt function if the
fluid pressure drops to leakage.
It is very unusual for a vehicle to suffer total failure of the
braking system.
Though it has so many limitations, this equipment is very
effective to detect brake failure and it will find great scope in
future.
Using high sensitivity pressure sensor.
By using microcontroller, we can extend its applications.

CONCLUSION
The main aim of my project was to develop a Brake failure
indicator (BFI), which is used to avoid accidents due to
brake failure.
The other objectives of the project were:

To identify the failure of brake switch.

To indicate the pressure drop.
To measure the change in hydrolytic pressure
To sense the fluid leakage.
To connect the audio visual indicator with a sensor
To measure the fluid breaking pressure
To avoid small number of accidents involving trains and boats
caused by brake failure.

Project done by:

APURUPA.C [12071A1005]
RISHIKA.G [12071A1019]
A.RAKESH [12071A1004]
MENTORED BY : Smt. MANJULA
SRI (H.O.D)

THANK YOU!