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Final Differential Calculus 2
Final Differential Calculus 2
Let
x and y = two positive numbers
p = product of x and y
x + y = 50
y = 50 x eq. 1
p = xy eq. 2
Substitute eq. 1 in eq. 2:
p = x (50 x)
p = 50x x^2
Differentiate:
dP/dX = 50 2x
0 = 50 2x
x = 25
Substitute x = 25 in eq. 1:
y = 50 25
y = 25
Thus, the numbers are 25 and 25
3x = 18
x=6
A = x^2 sin
A = (6) ^2 sin 60
A = 15.59 cm sq.
2x + 2y = 100
y = 50 x eq. 1
A = xy eq. 2
Substitute eq. 1 in eq. 2:
A = x (50 x)
A = 50x x ^2
Differentiate:
dA/dx = 50 2x
0 = 50 2x
x = 25
Substitute x = 25 in eq. 1
y = 50 25
y = 25
Thus, the size of the field is 25m x 25m
V = r^2 h
108 = r^2 h
h = 108/ r^2 eq. 1
A = 2rh + 2(r^2) eq.2
Substitute eq. 1 in eq.2
A = 2r (108/ r^2) + 2 (r^2)
A = 216/r + 2r^2 eq.3
Differentiate:
dA/dr = -216/r^2 + 4r
0 = -216/r^2 + 4r
216/r^2 = 4r
r^3 = 216/4
r = 2.58 in
Substitute r in eq. 3:
A = 216/2.58 + 2 (2.58) ^2
A = 125.544 in sq
Let: P = perimeter
P = 2x + 2y + (2x)
P = 2x + 2y + x
y = P 2x x / 2
y = 0.5P 2.57x eq.1
y = y (2x) + x ^2 eq.2
Substitute eq.1 in eq.2:
A = 2x (0.5P 2.57x) + x ^2/ 2
A = Px 5.14x ^2 + x ^2/ 2
A = Px 3.57x ^2
Differentiate:
dA/dx = P 7.14x
0 = P 7.14x
x = 0.14P
y = 0.5P 2.57(0.14P)
y = 0.14P
Solving for h:
Ratio = 2x/h = 2x/ x + y = 2(0.14P)/ 0.14P + 0.14P
Ratio = 1
A = d ^2h/ 4
11.3 = d ^2h/ 4
d = 45.2/ d ^2 eq.1
A = dh + 2(d ^2/ 4) eq.2
Substitute eq.1 in eq.2:
A = dh + 2(d ^2)
A = d(45.2/ d^2) + 2(/4)d ^2
A = 45.2/ d + d ^2/ 2
Differentiate:
dA/dd = -45.2/ d ^2 + / 2(2d)
0 = -45.2/ d^2 + d
d ^3 = 45.2/
d = 2.432 in
C = x ^2 4000x + 50
dC/dx = 2x 4000
0 = 2x 4000
2x = 4000
x = 2000
x + y = 20
y = 20 x eq.1
A = xy eq.2
Substitute eq.1 in eq.2:
A = x (20 x)
A = 20x x ^2
Differentiate:
dA/dx = 20 2x
0 = 20 2x
x = 10
Substitute x = 10 in eq.1:
y = 20 10 = 10 ft
Substitute x and y in eq.2:
A = (10) (10) = 100 ft sq
Let:
R = radius of the cone
H = height of the cone
r = radius of the inscribed cylinder
h = height of the inscribed cylinder
V = volume of cylinder
V = r ^2h eq.1
By ratio and proportion:
R/H=r/Hh
Hr = RH Rh
h = RH Hr / R eq.2
Substitute eq.2 in eq.1
V = r ^2 (RH Hr / r)
V = r ^2H r ^3H / R
Differentiate:
dV / dr = 2rH - 3r ^2H / R
0 = 2 rH - 3r ^2H / R
3r ^2 H /R = 2H
r = 2/ 3 R
Substitute r in eq.2:
h = RH H (2/3) R / R = 1/3H
Substitute r and h in eq.1:
V = [(2/3) R] ^2 (1/3) H
V = (4/ 27) R ^2H
Let: Vc = volume of the cone
Vc = 1/3 R ^2H
Ratio = [V / Vc = (4/ 27) R ^2H]/ [(1/ 3) R ^2H]
Ratio = 0.44
Let:
E = intensity of illumination
A and B = illuminous intensities of the two light sources
respectively
k = proportionality constant
E = kA/ x ^2 + kB/ (4 x) ^2
E = kA / x ^2 + k (8A) / (4 x) ^2
Differentiate:
dE / dx = -kA(2x) / x ^4 + (-8kA)(2)(4 x)(-1) / (4 x) ^4
0 = -kA (2x) / x ^4 + (8kA) (2) (4 x) / (4 x) ^4
kA (2x) / x ^4 = (8kA) (2) (4 x) / (4 x) ^4
1 /x ^3 = 8 / (4 x) ^3
(4 x) ^3 /x ^3 = 8
Cube root of (4 x) ^3 / x ^3 = cube root of 8
4x/ x=2
4 x = 2x
X = 1.33m
sin = h / x
x = h / sin
cos = 2 /y
y = 2 / cos
L=x+y
L = h / sin + 2 / cos
eq.1
Differentiate:
dL / d = -hcos / sin ^2 + -2(-sin ) / cos ^2
0 = -hcos / sin ^2 + -2(-sin / cos ^2
hcos / sin ^2 = 2(sin ) / cos ^2
h = 2(sin ^3 ) / cos ^3
h = 2tan ^3
eq.2
Substitute L = 6 and h = 2 tan ^3 in eq.1
6 = (2tan ^3 / sin ) + (2/ cos )
6 = (2tan ^3 cos + 2sin ) / (sin cos )
6sin cos = 2tan ^3 cos + 2sin
6sin cos = 2(sin / cos ) ^3 cos + 2sin
6cos = [2(sin / cos ) ^2] + 2
3cos = [(sin / cos ) ^2] + 1
3cos = sin ^2 + cos ^2 / cos ^2
3cos ^3 = 1
cos ^3 = 0.333
= 46.1 degrees
Substitute in eq.2:
h = 2tan46.1
h = 2.24m
x = cost -1
dx/ dt = -sin t
Note: dx / dt is maximum if sin t = -1
dx / dt = (-1) = 1
y = 2sin t + 1
dy / dt = 2cos t
Note: dy /dt is maximum if cos t = 1
dy/ dt = 2(1) = 2
Thus, the extreme rates are 2 and 1.
tan ( + ) = 5.5 / x
tan + tan / 1 tan tan = 5.5 / x
(2.5 / x + tan ) / (1 2.5 tan / x) = 5.5 / x
2.5 + x tan = 5.5 13.75 tan / x
tan ( x + 13.75 / x ) = 3
tan = 3 / x + (13.75 / x)
tan 3x / x ^2 + 13.75
= arctan (3x/ x ^2 + 13.75)
Note: d (arctan u) = du / 1 + u ^2
Where:
u = 3x / x ^2 + 13.75; u ^2 = 9x ^2 / (x ^2 + 13.75) ^2
du = (x ^2 + 13.75)3 3x (2x) / (x ^2 + 13.75) ^2
Substitute:
d / dx = du / 1 + u ^2
0 = du + 1 / u ^2
0 =du
0 = (x ^2 + 13.75)3 3x (2x) / (x ^2 + 13.75) ^2
2x ^2 = x ^2 + 13.75
x ^2 = 13.75
x = 3.708
S ^2 = S1 ^2 + S2 ^2 + 10 ^2
S ^2 = (10t) ^2 + (5t) ^2 + 10 ^2
S ^2 = 125t ^2 + 100 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S (dS/ dt) = 250t (dt/ dt) + 0
dS / dt = 125t / S eq.2
Substitute t = 1 in eq.1
S ^2 = 125(1) ^2 + 100
Substitute S = 15 in eq.2
dS/ dt = 125(1) / 15 = 8.33 fps
V = 1/3r ^2 h eq.1
By ratio and proportion
3.75 / 15 = r / h
r = h /4 eq.2
Substitute eq.2 in eq.1
V = 1/3 (h/ 4) ^2 h
V = / 48h ^3 eq.2
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
dV /dt = 3 / 48 (h ^2) dh /dt
Substitute dh/ dt = 2 and h =4:
dV/ dt = 3 /48(4) ^2 (2)
dV /dt = 6.28 m ^3/ s
S ^2 = 100 ^2 + (S1) ^2
S ^2 = 100 ^2 + (4t) ^2
S ^2 = 10,000 + 16t / S eq.2
Substitute t = 10 in eq.1:
S ^2 = 10,000 + 16(10) ^2
S = 107.7m
Substitute t = 10 and S = 107.7 in eq.2
dS / dt = 16(10) / 107.7 = 1.485 m/s
S ^2 = 30 ^2 + (S1_ ^2
S ^2 = 30 ^2 + (15t) ^2
S ^2 = 900 + 225t ^ 2 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S(dS / dt ) = 0 + 450t (dt/ dt)
dS / dt = 225t / S eq.2
When S1 = 40 ft,
S1 = 15t
40 = 15t
S = 50 ft
Substitute t = 2.667 and S = 5- in eq.2:
dS / dt = 225(2.667) / 50 = 12 ft/ s
By Cosine Law
S ^2 = (30t) ^2 + (60t 30) ^2 2(30t) (60t 30) cos 60
S ^2 = 900t ^2 + (60t 30) ^2 30t (60t 30)
S ^2 = 900t ^2 + 3600t ^2 3600 + 900 1800t ^2 +
900t
S ^2 = 2700t + 900 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S(dS / dt) = 5400 (dt/ dt) 2700(dt/ dt)
dS /dt = (2700t(1) ^ 2) 1350 / S eq.2
Substitute t = 1 in eq.1
S ^2 = 2700(1) ^2 2700(1) + 900
S = 30 km
Substitute S = 30 and t = 1 in eq.2
dS / dt = 2700(1) 1350 / 30
dS / dt = 45 kph
S ^2 = (60 + Sa) ^2 + Sb ^2
S ^2 = (60 + 30t) ^2 + (45t) ^2
S ^2 = 3600 + 3600t + 900t ^2 + 2025t ^2
S ^2 = 2925t ^2 + 3600t + 3600 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2S(dS/ dt) = 2(2925t)(dt/ dt) + 3600(dt /dt)
dS/ dt = 2925t + 1800 / S eq.2
Substitute t = 2 hours (from 2 p.m to 4 p.m) in
eq.1
S ^2 = 2925(2) ^2 + 3600(2) + 3600
S = 150 km
Substitute S = 150 and t = 2 in eq.2
dS / dt = 2925(2) +1800 / 150
dS / dt = 150 kph
V = x ^2 (3r x) / 3
V = x ^2[3(10) x] /3
V = 10x ^2 x ^3/ 3
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
dV/ dt = ( 20x - 3x ^2 /3) dx/ dt
dV / dt = (20x x ^2) dx /dt eq.1
Substitute dV /dt = 3 and dx / dt = 0.0149 in eq.1
3 = (20x x ^2) (0.0149)
201.342 = 20x x ^2
x ^2 20x + 64 = 0
(x 4) (x 16) = 0
x = 4cm or x = 16cm
V= x ^3 eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to its
individual variable
dV = 3x ^2 dx eq.2
Substitute V = 8 in eq.1
8 = x ^3
x=2
Substitute dV = 0.03 and x = 2 in eq.2
0.03 = 3(2) ^2 dx
dx = 0.0025m
E = IR
1.2 = IR eq.1
Differentiate both sides with respect to its
individual variable
Note: d(uv) = udv + vdu
0 =I (dR/ dt) + R (dl /dt) eq.2
Substitute R = 6 in eq.1
1.2 = I (6)
I = 0.2
Substitute I =0.2, dR/ dt = 0.03 and R = 6 in eq.2
0 = (0.2) (0.03) + (6) (dl / dt)
dl/ dt = -0.001 amp/sec