D1-03 Systems Engineering

Systems Engineering
Chad Fish
chad.fish@sdl.usu.edu
435-797-0469
GATS
Systems Engineering,
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
1
SOFIE CDR October 7-8, 2004
-1
Presentation Overview
Key System Requirements

System Design
System Operation
Technical Resources and Error Budgets
Post-PDR System Changes
Technical Risks
Technical Coordination
Summary
Supplementary Material
Error Budget Models
Level 3 Requirements Compendium
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
2
-2
Key System Requirements
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
3
-3
Science Objectives
SOFIE will support AIM mission in study of PMCs and the environment in which they
form. SOFIE will use differential solar occultation to measure:
Five gaseous species (H2O, CO2, O3, CH4, NO)
Temperature
Particle extinction at 10 wavelengths
SOFIE Channel Overview
Channel
Target Absorber
O3
particles
H2O
CO2
particles
CH4
CO2
NO
Center (m)
Strong band
Weak band
0.290
0.328
0.862
1.031
2.60
2.45
2.77
2.94
3.06
3.19
3.37
3.51
4.25
4.63
5.32
4.98
Each SOFIE channel uses two detectors to make three measurements:

Strong band absorption
Weak band absorption
Difference signal (weak band strong band = V)
Remove interference and reduce noise!
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
4
-4
System Requirements
IDENTIFIER
SHORT DESCRIPTION
REQUIREMENT
(General Operational)
SOF 289
Mission Lifetime
Function 25 months following a 1 month on-orbit

commissioning.
SOF 288
Nominal Operability
Operate 95% of the time over any 5 consecutive days

during the primary science observation season.
SOF 279
Autonomous
Operations
SOFIE shall be capable of autonomous operations for at

least 96 hours.
SOF 172
Mission Ops
SOFIE shall make 2 solar occultation measurements per

orbit, one at sunrise and one at sunset.
SOF 175
Time Stamp
The SOFIE science data time stamp shall be accurate to

within 2.5 msec relative to successive data samples
during occultation measurements.
SOF 179
Spatial Resolution
The SOFIE science data products shall have 3.0 km or

less spatial resolution in elevation.
SOF 308
Sampling Rate
The SOFIE science data channel sample rates shall be

20 Hz during an occultation measurement.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
5
-5
System Requirements (cont)

IDENTIFIER
SHORT DESCRIPTION
REQUIREMENT
(Observational Views)
SOF 180
Instantaneous Science
FOV
The SOFIE instantaneous science FOV shall be 6 arc

minutes horizontal and 1.8 arc minutes vertical (defined
as along the axis between Nadir and Zenith).
SOF 295
Glint FOV
The SOFIE glint FOV shall be 24 deg horizontal and 32

deg vertical.
SOF 178
FOR
The SOFIE steering mirror shall provide a field of regard

of 2 elevation and 2 azimuth.
(Pointing)
SOF 300
Pointing Ability
SOFIE shall point the center of its FOV to 1 arcminute

at a fixed distance relative to the solar top edge
centerpoint and maintain this position during occultation
measurement.
The pointing position will be considered "maintained" if a
10 Hz filtering (0.1 sec running mean) of the true pointing
position varies <15 arc seconds (1 sigma) in elevation
and <1.0 arcmin (1 sigma) in azimuth.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
6
-6
System Requirements (Cont)

Table 2. SOFIE spectral band specifications and channel S/N requirements.
SOF 174 :
Measurement Bands
SOF 183 :
Radiometric SNR
Band
Center
(m)
Band Limits, m
Band Limits, cm-1
S/N*
O3 strong
0.290
0.2857 - 0.2941
34000 - 35000
1.0104
O3 weak
0.328
0.3226 0.3333
30000 - 31000
1.0104
particle
strong
0.862
0.8475 0.8772
11400 - 11800
1.0106
particle weak
1.03
1.0101 1.0526
9500 - 9900
1.0106
H2O weak
2.45
2.427 2.475
4040 - 4120
2.5104
H2O strong
2.60
2.577 2.632
3800 - 3880
2.5104
CO2 strong
2.77
2.740 2.794
3580 - 3650
3.0105
CO2 weak
2.94
2.907 2.967
3370 - 3440
3.0105
particle
strong
3.06
3.030 3.091
3235 - 3300
1.0105
particle weak
3.19
3.160 3.226
3100 - 3165
1.0105
CH4 strong
3.37
3.333 3.401
2940 - 3000
4.0105
CH4 weak
3.51
3.472 3.546
2820 - 2880
4.0105
CO2 strong
4.25
4.255 4.444
2250 - 2350
4.0105
CO2 weak
4.63
4.630 4.740
2110 - 2160
4.0105
NO weak
4.98
4.951 5.051
1980 - 2020
3.0105
NO strong
5.32
5.263 5.376
1860 - 1900
3.0105
*The effective noise bandwidth is 2 Hz.

-1
Band limits are given in different units (cm
= 10000/m)
but are Chad
otherwise
Systems
Engineering,
Fishidentical.
SOFIE PDR October 22, 2003
GATS
-7
System Requirements (cont)

IDENTIFIER
SHORT
DESCRIPTION
REQUIREMENT
(Solar Tracking and Maneuvering)
SOF 181
Altitude Range
SOFIE shall be able to track the top edge centerpoint

of the sun from an apparent altitude of 315 km down to
the hard edge of the Earth during an occultation
measurement.
SOF 176
Scanning
SOFIE shall provide the capability to vertically scan

across the disk of the sun four (4) times after the
sunrise occultation measurement and four (4) times
prior to the sunset occultation measurement.
SOF 304
Balancing
SOFIE shall provide the capability to balance the V

signal (i.e. set V to zero) using a gain setting (GA) to
within 1000 counts.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
8
-8
System Design
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
9
-9
Environmental Orbital Considerations

Orbit
- 600-650 km geocentric
- Polar sun-synchronous
- 2 year operational lifetime
Thermal Predictions
- Electronics Survival = -25 to +55 C

- Electronics Operation = 0 to +50 C
- Instrument Survival = -45 to +20 C
- Instrument Operation = -40 to +20 C
Radiation
TID = 10 kRAD
SEE = 37 MeV
Atomic Oxygen
Strongly dependent on altitude (600 km significantly less than 450 km).

Using MgF2 protective coating on our steering mirror and
primary/secondary Cassegrain telescope mirrors.
Cleanliness
Internal mirrors allowed to degrade (EOL, 26 months) to Level 500. This

includes effects of micro-meteroids.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
10 - 10
Design Description
Instrument Unit
Purpose:
Perform science signal detection & FOV pointing and stabilization control
Contains:
Opto-mechanics
Mirrors, filters, beam splitters, field-stop, chopper
[1.8 x 6 Inst FOV; 32 x 24 Glint FOV]
Detector assemblies (includes TECs and PreAmps)
Steering mirror [4 x 4 FOR]
Sun sensor electronics and software [2 x 2 FOV]
Electronics Unit
Purpose:
Perform system command and control, communication, signal conditioning,
and power conditioning
Contains:
Command and data handling electronics and system software
Position and stabilization control electronics and software
Communication, signal conditioning, and mechanisms control electronics
and software
Thermal sensor, TEC thermal control, and housekeeping electronics
Power conditioning electronics
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
11 - 11
System Block Diagram
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
12 - 12
Spacecraft Configuration
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
13 - 13
Instrument Unit
Radiator
Pin pullers
Aperture cover
Steering mirror
Alignment cubes
N2 Purge
Witness Mirrors (x4)

Circular connector
interfaces
SC Isolator Feet (eff 14 wedge)
GATS
Dynamic Envelope: 16.2 x 26.3 x 29.5 inches

SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
14 - 14
SOFIE Instrument Unit (cont)
POINTING AND
STABILIZATION CONTROL
Sun Sensor
SIGNAL DETECTION
Channel Separation Module
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
15 - 15
SOFIE Electronics Unit

Electronics PCBs
Top Connectors
and Cabling
SC Radiator Panel
Power Conditioning
Dynamic Envelope: 16.2 x 26.3 x 29.5 inches
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
16 - 16
System Operation
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
17 - 17
Modes of Operation
Survival
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
18 - 18
Modes of Operation (cont)

Mode
Measurements
Commands
Code
Updates
Survival
Heaters
Comments
Science
- Occultation
- Housekeeping
- System status
1. Real time
processed
1. Timed not
processed
Processed
ON
Standby
- Housekeeping
- System status
Real and
timed
processed
Processed
ON
Safe
- Housekeeping
- System status
Real and
timed
processed
Processed
ON
SOFIE software
can transition into
this mode without
a ground
command but
cannot transition
out without a
ground command
Survival
NA
NA
NA
ON
System power OFF
GATS
Peak data rate and

power mode
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
19 - 19
Science Mode
Orbital Characteristics
1. 600-650 km altitude
2. Polar sun-synchronous
3. SOFIE instrument pointed by SC to within 1
(3 sigma) of the solar vector during an occultation
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
20 - 20
Science Mode (cont)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
21 - 21
Science Mode (cont)

States
General Operations
INIT
Prepare system for occultation measurements

Synchronize electronics and software
Initialize timing and balance commands
Initialize tracking profiles
AQR
(15 seconds)
Search and acquire sun on FPA

Find sun within FOR (if not found abort and return system error)
Position sun center at center of FPA
Begin fine tracking (arcsecond resolution) of sun
Position IFOV at desired offset from sun center
Can overlap with DATA state
DATA
(~ 150 seconds)
Perform science channel measurements!

Maintain IFOV locked at desired offsets from sun center while
following table driven profile (solar tracking)
Fixed position
Solar scanning (including azimuthal offsets)
Perform balance (set V offsets) function
Save CO2 and balance data for post occultation analysis
Can overlap with AQR state
Maximum science measurement duration (AQR, DATA) = 155 seconds
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
22 - 22
Science Mode (cont)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
23 - 23
Conceptual Science Mode Operational Profile
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
24 - 24
Solar Acquisition and Tracking
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
25 - 25
Solar Scanning and Maneuvering

Vertical Scanning
FOV
Azimuthal Offsetting
(bore sighting)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
26 - 26
Science Data Products

2
1. Occultation
(20 Hz)
-Solar edge locations (X,Y)

-Solar vertical edge and center
images
-Steering mirror command and
position (X,Y)
-All channel sets (Strong, Weak,
V)
-Time stamps (SC and relative)
1
2. Diagnostic
(Limited)
-Solar images
-FPA frame images
1
El
Az
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
27 - 27
Commissioning Phase
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
28 - 28
System Technical Resources

&
Error Budgets
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
29 - 29
Technical Resources
RESOURCE
CURRENT BEST ESTIMATE
REQ ID
Mass
36.4 kg
SOF 194
Envelope
Controlled by MICD
SOF 195
Average Power
74.1 W
[56 W Electronics Unit, 18 W Instrument Unit]
SOF 205
Peak Power
107.6 W
SOF 206
Pinpuller Peak Power
32.2 W for < 0.5 sec,

(130 mW Pre and Post Fire)
SC ICD
Survival Heater
Average Power
15.2 W
SOF 272
Survival Heater
Peak Power
62.8 W
SOF 272
Daily Data Volume
168 Mbits/day
SOF 243
Resource margin and reserve managed by mission
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
30 - 30
Mass Budget
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
31 - 31
Power Budget
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
32 - 32
Orbital Power Profile
In eclipse
84
82
80
78
SOFIE
76
74
72
70
68
0
20
40
60
GATS
80
100
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
33 - 33
Resource Tracking
GATS
Resource
CDR/PDR Ratio
Mass
36.4 / 34.6 = 1.05
Power
74.1 / 83.5 = 0.89
Data
168 / 73.6 = 2.28
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
34 - 34
Error Budgets
BUDGET
REQUIREMENT
EXPECTED PERFORMANCE
Radiometric
WC Band 15 (NOWEAK)
SNR = 3.0 x 105
SNR = 9.33 x 105 (Margin = 3.11)
Pointing
15 Arcseconds (1 Sigma)
over 0.5 seconds
<1 Arcsecond (0.5 Arcseconds)
Static
Alignment
0.5 to SC
3 Arcminutes CBE
Will be calibrated out on orbit!
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
35 - 35
Post-PDR System Changes
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
36 - 36
Changes since PDR
SMA Caging
Mechanism
Removed
Wedge
Removed
Radiator
Reshaped
Cable Ports
Relocated
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
37 - 37
Changes since PDR (cont)

Repositioned
in SC and
Radiator
Removed
Electronics
Power
Conditioning
Redesigned
Detector
Packages
now
Non-hermetic
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
38 - 38
System Technical Risks
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
39 - 39
Technical Risks
RISK ID = SOFIE_RISK_4
SOFIE depends upon an active pointing system to provide the required sun
pointing accuracy and precision. The active pointing and control system
algorithm may be unable to provide the required sun pointing accuracy and
precision and the science capability would be degraded.
CRITICALITY
Green
MITIGATION
Extensive prototype and protoflight testing will be conducted.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
40 - 40
System Technical Coordination
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
41 - 41
Technical Coordination SDL Design Processes
Engineering Design and Development

System Design
QP0401
Software Design
QP0406
Document Control and Configuration Management
Document Control
QP0501
Software Configuration Management
QP0403, SOFIE Software Configuration Management Plan
SDL to maintain up-down information flow
Waivers, Problem Failure Reports (PFR)
QP1301
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
42 - 42
Technical Coordination Internal Peer Review
Review follows Breadboard/Prototype design phase

Includes SDL members both internal and external to SOFIE
System and component level
Following review, design placed in configuration control
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
43 - 43
Technical Coordination SDL Design Processes (cont)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
44 - 44
Documentation Status
Document
Status
SOFIE Level 3 Requirements
Mission Approved
SOFIE Specifications Document
Released
SOFIE Flight Software Development Plan
Released
SOFIE Flight Software Specifications
Released
SOFIE Program Management Plan
Released
SOFIE Product Assurance Plan
Released
SOFIE Safety Plan
Released
SOFIE Contamination Control Plan
Baseline Released
SOFIE EEE and Materials Parts Lists
Controlled. Initial lists submitted to Mission November 2003
SOFIE Risk Management Database
Controlled
SOFIE Calibration Plan
Baseline Released
SOFIE Integration and Test Plan
Baseline Released
SOFIE Software Design Document and Test Plan
Baselines Released
SOFIE Electrical/Software ICD
Baseline Released
Subcontractor SOWs and ICDs
Released
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
45 - 45
SE Summary
Designs are mature and provide margin on system requirements

Technical resources are being managed and tracked
Error budgets are being managed
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
46 - 46
Supplementary Material
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
47 - 47
Radiometric System Requirements

Table 2. SOFIE spectral band specifications and channel S/N requirements.
SOF 174 :
Measurement Bands
SOF 183 :
Radiometric SNR
Band
Center
(m)
Band Limits, m
Band Limits, cm-1
S/N*
O3 strong
0.290
0.2857 - 0.2941
34000 - 35000
1.0104
O3 weak
0.328
0.3226 0.3333
30000 - 31000
1.0104
particle
strong
0.862
0.8475 0.8772
11400 - 11800
1.0106
particle weak
1.03
1.0101 1.0526
9500 - 9900
1.0106
H2O weak
2.45
2.427 2.475
4040 - 4120
2.5104
H2O strong
2.60
2.577 2.632
3800 - 3880
2.5104
CO2 strong
2.77
2.740 2.794
3580 - 3650
3.0105
CO2 weak
2.94
2.907 2.967
3370 - 3440
3.0105
particle
strong
3.06
3.030 3.091
3235 - 3300
1.0105
particle weak
3.19
3.160 3.226
3100 - 3165
1.0105
CH4 strong
3.37
3.333 3.401
2940 - 3000
4.0105
CH4 weak
3.51
3.472 3.546
2820 - 2880
4.0105
CO2 strong
4.25
4.255 4.444
2250 - 2350
4.0105
CO2 weak
4.63
4.630 4.740
2110 - 2160
4.0105
NO weak
4.98
4.951 5.051
1980 - 2020
3.0105
NO strong
5.32
5.263 5.376
1860 - 1900
3.0105
*The effective noise bandwidth is 2 Hz.

-1
Band limits are given in different units (cm
= 10000/m)
but are Chad
otherwise
Systems
Engineering,
Fishidentical.
SOFIE PDR October 22, 2003
GATS
48 - 48
Radiometric Model Error Budget
Optical Input Path
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
49 - 49
Radiometric Model Error Budget (cont)
Optical Math Model Transfer Function
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
50 - 50
Electronics Path
Effective Sync Rect Q = 500
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
51 - 51

Band /
Detector Type
1 / PV
2 / PV
3 / PV
4 / PV
5 / PC
6 / PC
7 / PC
8 / PC
9 / PC
10 / PC
11 / PC
12 / PC
13 / PC
14 / PC
15 / PC
16 / PC
SNR
3.14 Hz bw
5.81E+06
7.19E+06
8.38E+06
8.38E+06
3.59E+06
3.54E+06
6.79E+06
6.94E+06
2.65E+06
2.68E+06
2.98E+06
4.87E+06
5.39E+06
3.11E+06
9.33E+05
1.48E+06
GATS
Required
SNR
1.00E+04
1.00E+04
1.00E+06
1.00E+06
2.50E+04
2.50E+04
3.00E+05
3.00E+05
1.00E+05
1.00E+05
4.00E+05
4.00E+05
4.00E+05
4.00E+05
3.00E+05
3.00E+05
Margin
581.40
719.42
8.38
8.38
143.53
141.58
22.64
23.14
26.48
26.77
7.44
12.17
13.47
7.77
3.11
4.92
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
52 - 52
Pointing Model Error Budget
IDENTIFIER
SHORT DESCRIPTION
REQUIREMENT
(Pointing)
SOF 300
Pointing Ability
SOFIE shall point the center of its FOV to 1 arcminute

at a fixed distance relative to the solar top edge
centerpoint and maintain this position during occultation
measurement.
The pointing position will be considered "maintained" if a
10 Hz filtering (0.1 sec running mean) of the true pointing
position varies <15 arc seconds (1 sigma) in elevation
and <1.0 arcmin (1 sigma) in azimuth.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
53 - 53
Pointing Model Error Budget (cont)
2D derived by hand, includes 1 mode in mirror and 1 mode in structure (4 plant states)
Integrates OSCs latest S/C model (from AIM Bus CDR) and SSGs latest SMA model
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
54 - 54
25
20
15
S/C Motion (arcsec)
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
10
GATS
15
20
25
Time (sec)
30
35
40
45
50
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
55 - 55
Description
Two-D simple model

with 4 states
Jitter in Sun
Elevation
Position
(arcsec, 1)
Jitter in Sun
Azimuth
Position
(arcsec, 1)
S/C Reaction
Torque in Elev.
Plane (N-m, 1)
0.499
N/A
0.0001
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
56 - 56
Alignment Knowledge Error Budget SOFIE FOV to ROS
Spacecraft Pointing Knowledge Requirements

SOF231
The SOFIE optical axis shall be aligned to the spacecraft optical axis with an accuracy of 0.25 prior to launch.
This alignment will be maintained to within 0.5 on orbit.
From
MRD SYS837
SOF292
The SOFIE reference axis alignment to the observatory reference axis shall be known to better than +/-10 arcsec.
From
MRD SYS753
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
57 - 57
Alignment Knowledge Error Budget Slow Thermal Dynamic

Simulation of Hot Case Conditions
Assumptions
Hot case thermal loads considered

Restrained temperatures:
CSM Assembly 37 F to 48 F
Radiator Interface 24.5 F
Aft Optics Deck 30 F to 37 F
Fore Optics Deck 25 F to 32 F
Bottom Deck 32 F to 35 F
Sun Sensor 39 F to 43 F
Mid Optics 39 F
M1 and Hub 34 F
M2 and Mount 52 F
Isolator interface at S/C 86 F
Only conduction heat transfer

considered
Steady-state temperature predicted
Displacements from 70 F
Displacements relative to Field Stop
GATS
Node
Displacement (in)
Rotation (Degrees)
Mirror
81101
M2/SS1
-1.5E-3
-2.7E-3
-1.2E-3
-8.1E-5
-2.8E-5
-9.7E-6
106497
Chop
-3.8E-4
4.0E-5
1.7E-6
-4.0E-6
-1.2E-6
-1.5E-5
106510
M3
1.7E-5
3.8E-4
-1.4E-4
-2.4E-6
-1.2E-5
7.0E-6
106520
Field
Stop
107175
SS2
-3.0E-5
-1.1E-3
-1.1E-3
-8.1E-5
-3.2E-5
8.9E-6
116912
SS4
-2.4E-4
7.5E-4
1.9E-6
-7.8E-5
-3.9E-5
1.8E-5
116922
SS3
-1.1E-3
2.1E-3
1.7E-4
-1.2E-4
-4.3E-5
3.2E-5
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
58 - 58

Simulation of Cold Case Conditions
Assumptions
Hot case thermal loads considered

Restrained temperatures:
CSM Assembly -27 F

Radiator Interface -35 F
Aft Optics Deck -26 F
Fore Optics Deck -31 F
Bottom Deck -30 F
Sun Sensor -27 F
Mid Optics -25 F
M1 and Hub -28 F
M2 and Mount -26 F
Isolator interface at S/C -4 F
Only conduction heat transfer

considered
Steady-state temperature predicted
Displacements from 70 F
Displacement relative to Field Stop
GATS
Node
Displacement (in)
Rotation (Degrees)
Mirror
81101
M2/SS1
-1.1E-3
-1.4E-3
-2.5E-4
-1.4E-5
-1.5E-5
1.0E-5
106497
Chop
-2.7E-4
2.7E-5
-1.8E-6
7.2E-6
-2.1E-7
-1.3E-5
106510
M3
4.5E-5
2.3E-4
-7.3E-5
-1.6E-5
-8.6E-6
-1.1E-6
106520
Field
Stop
107175
SS2
-2.1E-4
-9.3E-4
-2.7E-4
-1.2E-5
-1.8E-5
1.8E-6
116912
SS4
-1.6E-4
5.4E-4
1.6E-5
-1.2E-5
-4.1E-6
-2.5E-6
116922
SS3
-7.9E-4
1.4E-3
2.0E-4
-2.1E-5
-4.3E-5
5.2E-7
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
59 - 59

Simulation of SOFIE to SC Deflections
Node in center of Aperture Cover (SOFIE FEM coordinate system)
Hot Case:
Cold Case:
Tx:
Ty:
Tz:
Rx:
Ry:
Rz:
Tx:
Ty:
Tz:
Rx:
Ry:
Rz:
GATS
3.03e-4 in
-6.05e-3 in
-8.46e-3 in
-2.14e-4 degrees
5.39e-5 degrees
-4.41e-5 degrees
6.00e-4 in
-1.82e-2 in
-1.99e-2 in
-6.77e-4 degrees
6.92e-5 degrees
-3.87e-5 degrees
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
60 - 60
Pointing Budget SOFIE to SC Accuracy

SOFIE Science
FOV Boresight to
Sun Center
(SYS755)
Required 60
RSS
SOFIE Science
FOV Boresight to
ROS Error
SOFIE ROS to S/C

Deck I/F Plane
Error
CBE 0.4
(SOF231)
Required 30
SOFIE ROS to S/C

Deck I/F Plane
Static Error
SOFIE ROS to S/C

Deck I/F Plane Slow
Dynamic Error
SOFIE ROS to S/C

Deck I/F Plane
Launch Shift
CBE 1
CBE 2
CBE 2
S/C Deck I/F Plane

to MRC Error
(SYS837)
MRC Pointing
Accuracy
(SYS844)
Required 2
Required 17
ACS Accuracy
(BUS272)
Ephemeris Error
(SYS844)
Required 5
Required 36
RSS = 3 Arcminutes (3 Sigma)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
61 - 61
GFOV Clearance
9.53in.
Scienc
e FOV
Glint FOV
0.69in.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
62 - 62
Level 3 & 4 Requirements Compendium
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
63 - 63
AIM Science Objectives Traceability to SOFIE

Science Question
1. Morphology
2. GW Affects
3. Dynamics
4. H-chemistry
5. Nucleation
Geophysical Parameters Required to Answer Science Question

PMC
Morphology,
Particle Sizes
PMC
Morphology
SOFIE
Observation
PMC
Morphology
PMC
Morphology
PMC
Morphology
Cloud
Extinction
Temperature
Profile
T,CO2
Profiles,
Circulation
Temperature
Profile
Temperature
Profile
CO2
Absorption
H2O Profile
H2O Profile,
H2O Profile
H2O Profile
H2O
Absorption
Circulation
O3 Profile
O3 Absorption
CH4 Profile,
CH4 Profile,
Circulation
Circulation
CH4
Absorption
NO Profile
GATS
NO Absorption
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
64 - 64
Level 3 Requirements Management
Requirements will be utilized as the main method for defining the functionality,
performance, design constraints, and interfaces for the AIM program
Requirements will be used throughout all phases of the program to guide design,
development, integration, and test
Requirements tracking and compliance assurance will be an integral part of peer,

design, integration, and test reviews to insure that the system development is
proceeding in accordance with the systems engineering and management process
After initial completion, the requirements and interfaces will baselined and change
tracking will occur:
Access control will allow those teams and individuals with responsibility for
portions of the requirements to propose changes to those requirements.
The system engineering team will work with the necessary engineers and
management personnel to access the impact of requirements changes on the
remainder of the system.
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
65 - 65
Level 3 Requirements Management (cont)

Documents
U Science
DOORS
Science
Rqmts
H Rqmts Doc
Mission
U Rqmts Doc
Verification
& Validation
Plan
U
H
Level 1
H : HU
S: SDL
U: UAF
A: All
Level 2
Mission/System L
Rqmts
U
Responsibility:
L: LASP
NS: NASA
O: Orbital
G: GATS
Level 3
Ground
System
Rqmts L
IPI
Rqmts
Bus
Rqmts
CIPS
Rqmts
SOFIE
Rqmts
CDE
Rqmts
Software
Development
Plan
L
LV ICD
I/F
Definitions A
L
RF ICD
L
Ground
System Spec
IPI
Spec
Bus
Spec
ICD
O
CDE
Spec
SOFIE
Spec
CIPS
Spec
L
AIM Requirements Traceability & Specification Tree (from AIM SEMP)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
66 - 66
Level 3 Requirements Management (cont)

Science U
Rqmts
H
CDE
Rqmts
Responsibility:
L: LASP
NS: NASA
O: Orbital
G: GATS
H : HU
S: SDL
U: UAF
A: All
System L
Rqmts
U
Mission L
Rqmts
U
Bus
Rqmts
SOFIE
Rqmts S
IPI
Rqmts L
CIPS
Rqmts L
Black Box Requirements
Input Interfaces:
Electrical
Thermal
Commands
Data
Attitude
Optical,
etc.
Functional Examples:
Mandatory (minimum) and required (goal) as necessary
Measurements to be made
Criteria for when to collect measurements
Pointing required for measurements
Operational sequences
Conditions/events to which system must respond
Operator and data processing considerations
Performance Examples:
Quality of measurements (accuracy, precision, stability)
Quantity and frequency of measurements
Input/Output data size & rates
Design Constraint Examples:
Mass, power, volume limitations
Environmental conditions (temp, radiation, cleanliness)
Capacity & throughput limitations
Technology limitations
GFE, COTS, etc.
Other
Sources
Ground
System
Rqmts L
General Requirement Guidelines:

-Define these types of requirements:
-Functional: What, How Many,
When, Where, etc.
-Performance: How Well, How Often,
Within How Long, etc.
-Design Constraints: Environmental
conditions/limits, Contract/mission
restrictions, standards, plans,
interaction w/ existing systems, etc.
-Interfaces: Inputs & outputs (at particular
requirement level) to other parts of
the system or external to system
-Consider allocated requirements: those
flowed-down from higher-level requirements
-Consider derived requirements: those
inferred from higher level or same level
requirements
-Insure requirements are:
-Understandable
-Unambiguous
-Comprehensive
-Complete
-Precise
-Verifiable
-Consistent
-Appropriate to level
Output Interfaces:
Electrical
Thermal
Commands
Data
etc.
AIM Requirements Development Approach and Guidelines (from AIM SEMP)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
67 - 67
Level 3 & 4 Requirements Management (cont)
SOFIE Level 3 requirements derived from AIM Level 1 & 2 requirements

Level 3 requirements report (DOORS) created in accordance with WBS
Approved by AIM Mission systems engineer and Deputy SE
Level 3 requirements managed by SOFIE systems engineer

Level 3 requirements assigned to appropriate discipline leads
Level 4 requirements derived from Level 3 requirements by systems engineer and

discipline leads
Subcontractors requirements are also managed as Level 4
Level 3 and Level 4 requirements derivation includes source traceability and

verification process information
Serves as Verification Matrix
SOFIE Instrument Specifications and SOFIE Flight Software Specifications captured in

SDL/04-004 and SDL/04-003, respectively
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
68 - 68
Level 3 Verification Matrix
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
69 - 69
Level 3 Verification Matrix (cont.)
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
70 - 70
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
71 - 71
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
72 - 72
Level 3 Requirements Database
Acrobat Document
GATS
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
73 - 73
Level 4 Requirements Database
Acrobat Document
GATS
Acrobat Document
SOFIE Chad
PDR Fish
October 22, 2003
74 - 74

D1-03 Systems Engineering

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D1-03 Systems Engineering

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Systems Engineering

Key System Requirements

Key System Requirements

SOFIE Channel Overview

Each SOFIE channel uses two detectors to make three measurements:

Function 25 months following a 1 month on-orbit

Operate 95% of the time over any 5 consecutive days

SOFIE shall be capable of autonomous operations for at

SOFIE shall make 2 solar occultation measurements per

The SOFIE science data time stamp shall be accurate to

The SOFIE science data products shall have 3.0 km or

The SOFIE science data channel sample rates shall be

System Requirements (cont)

The SOFIE instantaneous science FOV shall be 6 arc

The SOFIE glint FOV shall be 24 deg horizontal and 32

The SOFIE steering mirror shall provide a field of regard

SOFIE shall point the center of its FOV to 1 arcminute

System Requirements (Cont)

Band Limits, cm-1

*The effective noise bandwidth is 2 Hz.

SOFIE PDR October 22, 2003

SOFIE CDR October 7-8, 2004

System Requirements (cont)

SOFIE shall be able to track the top edge centerpoint

SOFIE shall provide the capability to vertically scan

SOFIE shall provide the capability to balance the V

Environmental Orbital Considerations

- Electronics Survival = -25 to +55 C

Strongly dependent on altitude (600 km significantly less than 450 km).

Internal mirrors allowed to degrade (EOL, 26 months) to Level 500. This

System Block Diagram

Witness Mirrors (x4)

SC Isolator Feet (eff 14 wedge)

Dynamic Envelope: 16.2 x 26.3 x 29.5 inches

SOFIE Instrument Unit (cont)

SOFIE Electronics Unit

Dynamic Envelope: 16.2 x 26.3 x 29.5 inches

Modes of Operation (cont)

System power OFF

Peak data rate and

Science Mode (cont)

Science Mode (cont)

Prepare system for occultation measurements

Search and acquire sun on FPA

Perform science channel measurements!

Maximum science measurement duration (AQR, DATA) = 155 seconds

Science Mode (cont)

Conceptual Science Mode Operational Profile

Solar Acquisition and Tracking

Solar Scanning and Maneuvering

Science Data Products

-Solar edge locations (X,Y)

System Technical Resources

CURRENT BEST ESTIMATE

Pinpuller Peak Power

32.2 W for < 0.5 sec,

Daily Data Volume

Resource margin and reserve managed by mission

Orbital Power Profile

36.4 / 34.6 = 1.05

74.1 / 83.5 = 0.89

168 / 73.6 = 2.28