10 Facts About Cells

By the Class of 2013

1. Cells are to small to be

seen without
magnification
By: Kristian M, Amanda H, and
Noelly M

What is a microscope?
A microscope is an instrument to see
objects too small for the naked eye.

Microscope Timeline

Optical Microscope
The first microscope was an optical
microscope. It was made in 1590.

What is an Optical
Microscope?
The optical microscope is the most
common type of microscope. It
contains one of the more lenses
producing an enlarged image.

Electron Microscope
Next was the electron microscope. It
was developed in the early 1900s by
Ernest Ruska.

What is an Electron
Microscope?
An electron microscope is a
microscope that produces an
electronically magnified image of a
specimen for detailed observation.

Scanning Probe Microscope

In the 1980s came the first scanning
probe microscopes. It was developed
by Gerd Binning and Heinrich Rohrer.

What is a Scanning Probe

Microscope?
A scanning probe microscope is a
branch of microscopy that forms
images of surfaces using using a
physical probe that scans the
specimen.

Fluorescence and light

Microscopy
Fluorescence and light microscopy is
the most recent developed. It was
developed in the 20th century.

What is a Fluorescence Microscope?

A florescence microscope is an optical
microscope used to study properties
of organic and inorganic substances
using fluorescence and
phosphorescence.

2. Two main types of cells.

What are the two main types
of cells?

The two main cells are.

Eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
These are the two main types of
cells.

What they are.

Eukaryotic is an organism whose
cells contain complex structures that
set prokaryotic away from eukaryotic
cells.

Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic cells are the nucleus or
the main thing they are the brain of
cells.

What they mean.

Prokaryote means pro= first
karyote= nucleus
Eukaryote means eu=true
karyote=nucleus

What they do.

The cells in the body make skin and
all your other things everybody is
made of multicells everybody is
multicellular. They make scabs when
you get cut and make up pretty
much everything in your body.

4. There are More

Bacterial Cells than
Human Cells in the Body.

By Ambrosia and Alicia

Humans Carry More Bacterial Cells

than Human Cells
You are more bacteria then you are
you.
We are always washing our hand
spraying our counter tops doing just
about anything to kill germs.
But what most people dont know is
that we have colonies of germs in our
bodies, starting from our skin to the
deepest recesses of our guts.

All the Bacteria in Your Body

The bacteria in your body will fill a half gallon
jug.
We have 10 times more bacteria cells in your
body than human cells says Carlyn Bohach a
microbiologist at the University of Idaho (V.I)
Even though there are a lot of bacterial cells in
your body they dont take up that much space,
because bacteria cells are far smaller then
human cells.
Although have more bacterial cells sounds
gross. It is actually a very good thing.

It Begins at Birth
The infestation begins at birth; its a baby
you ingest mouthfuls of bacteria during
birthing and you pick up plenty more from
your mothers and skin and milk.
During breast feeding, the mammary
glands become colonized with bacteria.
Throughout our lives we consume
bacteria un our food and water; and many
other places.

500 Species
Starting at tie month, nose or other
orifices, these microbes travel
though the esophagus; stomach
and / or intestine- locations where
most set up camp.
Although there are estimated 500
species lung at any one time un an
adult intestine the majority belong to
two phyla, the firmicites and the
bacteroidetes.

Researchers change their

tune
For a long tune, scientists assumed that these
bacteria, despite their number, neither did us much
harm nor much good. But un the past decades or so,
researchers change their tune.
Bacteria produce chemicals that help us harness
energy and nutrients from our food.
Intestinal bacteria also appear to keep our immune
system healthy. Several studies suggest that
microbes regulate the population and density of
intestinal immune cells by aiding in the
development of gut-associated lymphoid tissues
that mediate a varity of immune functions.

6.Cells Contain Structures

called Organelles
By Leticia
&
Mikie

Organelles
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized
subunit within a cell that has a specific
function, and is usually separately enclosed
within its own lipid bilayer.
Organelles are identified by microscopy, and
can also be purified by cell fractionation.
There are many types of organelles,
particularly in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes
were once thought not to have organelles,
but some examples have now been identified.

 In biology, organs are defined as confined

functional units within an organism.
Credited as the first to use a diminutive of organ
for cellular structures was German zoologis Karl
August Mbius (1884), who used the term
"organula .
It would take several years before organulum, or
the later term organelle, became accepted and
expanded in meaning to include subcellular
structures in multicellular organisms.

7. Different types of cells reproduce

through different methods
By: Adrianna Chacon &
Natasha Salazar

Asexual
Asexual Reproduction- Process in
which a single cell or set of cells
produces offspring that inherit all
their genetic material from one
parents.

Binary Fission
Some organisms reproduce by simple
cell division, in which a single cell or
group of cells each duplicates its
genetic material and then splits into
two new genetically identical cells.

Sexual
Sexual reproduction- Process in which
genetic material from two parents
combines and produces offspring
that differ genetically from either
parents.

Gametes
Sexual reproduction involves the union
of sex cells (gametes), such as an
egg and a sperm.

Unicellular Organisms
Some unicellular organisms can
reproduce sexually and some with
sex cells can also reproduce
asexually.

8.Groups of Similar
Cells Form Tissues
By; Rose Valdez and Alondra
Villalba

Groups of Similar Cells Form Tissues

Tissues are groups of cells with both a
shared structure and function. Cells that
make up animal tissues are sometimes
woven together with extracellular fibers
and are occasionally held together by a
sticky substance that coats the cells.
Different types of tissues can also be
arranged together to form organs. Groups
of organs can in turn form organ systems.

Cell Structure

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Tissues

9. Cells have Varying Life

Spans

How Long do Cells Live?

How Long do Human Cells

Live?

Cells Commit Suicide

By Deandre and Cherise

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a process by
which cells in multicellular organisms
commit suicide.

Cells that are induced to commit

suicide..

Shrink
Develop bubble like blebs on their surface.
Have the chromation in the nucleus degraded.
Have the mitochondria break down with the
release of cytochrome.
Break into small, membrane-wrapped,
fragments.
The phospholipids, which is normally hidden
within the plasma membrane is exposed on
the surface.

Cells that are induced to commit

suicide..

Shrink
Develop bubble like blebs on their surface.
Have the chromation in the nucleus degraded.
Have the mitochondria break down with the
release of cytochrome.
Break into small, membrane-wrapped,
fragments.
The phospholipids, which is normally hidden
within the plasma membrane is exposed on
the surface.

Why should a cell commit

suicide?
1. Programmed cell death is needed
for proper development of mitosis.
ex: The resorption of the tadpole tail at
the time of metamorphosis into a frog
occurs by apoptosis.
2. Programmed cell death is needed to

destroy cells that represent a threat

to the integrity of the organism
ex: Cancer cells

Apoptosis is triggered by
internal and external signals

Resources

www.google.com
www.google.com/images
www.wikipedia.com
http://vitanetonline.com
Scientificamerican.com