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Fuel Injection Systems
Fuel Injection Systems
FUEL INJECTION
SYSTEM IN CI ENGINE
PRESENTED BY
NAME ROLLNO
SHAHNOOR SONI 652
SURESHKUMAR V. 654
YATIN TENDULKAR 655
SWAPNIL TORALKAR 656
KARAN UMRALKAR 657
SALONI VARDHAN 658
RUSHIKESH ZINE 659
Fuel Injection System in
the CI Engine
For the compression ignition engine, it is very
important to promote a means of injecting fuel into
the cylinder at the proper time in the cycle. This is
so because the injection system starts and controls
the combustion process.
Requirements of the Injection System
1. ACCURATE METERING
2. PROPER INJECTION TIMING
3. DESIRED RATE OF INJECTION
4. PROPER ATOMISATION
5. PROPER SPRAY PATTERN
6. UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION
7. SHARP INJECTION i.e. NO LAG
8. MINIMUM WEIGHT AND SIZE
9. SMOOTH OPERATION
FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS
1. PUMPING ELEMENTS
2. METERING ELEMENTS
3. METERING CONTROLS
4. DISTRIBUTING ELEMENTS
5. TIMING CONTROLS
6. MIXING ELEMENTS
7. GOVERNOR MECHANISM
CLASSIFICATION
4. DISTRIBUTOR SYSTEM
INDIVIDUAL PUMP AND SYSTEM
• EACH CYLINDER IS
PROVIDED WITH UNIT
INJECTOR HOUSING.
COMMON RAIL SYSTEM
MECHANICAL GOVERNORS
PNEUMATIC GOVERNORS
MECHANICAL GOVERNOR
PROPER ATOMISATION OF
FUEL INTO VERY FINE
DROPLETS
FUEL INJECTOR CONSISTS OF
1. NEEDLE VALVE
2. COMPRESSION SPRING
3. NOZZLE
4. INJECTOR BODY
TYPES OF FUEL INJECTOR
NOZZLE – AN OVERVIEW
• PART OF INJECTOR
WHICH SPRAYS FUEL
• CONSISTS OF
a)NOZZLE VALVE
b) NOZZLE BODY
CLASSIFICATION OF NOZZLES
I. PINTLE NOZZLE
• CONSISTS OF
NUMBER OF HOLES
BOARD IN THE TIP
OF THE NOZZLE
• ABILITY TO
DISTRIBUTE THE
FUEL PROPERLY
PINTAUX NOZZLE
• TYPE OF PINTLE
NOZZLE HAVING AN
AUXILIARY HOLE
DRILLED IN THE
NOZZLE BODY
• PROVIDES BETTER
COLD STARTING
PERFORMANCE
SPRAY FORMATION
•INJECTION PRESSURE
•AIR DENSITY
•FUEL VISCOSITY
•SIZE OF ORIFICE
SPRAY DIRECTION
QUANTITY OF FUEL AND SIZE OF
NOZZLE ORIFICE
The quantity of fuel injected per cycle is dependent on
the power output of the engine. The size of droplets
depend on the velocity which should be of the order of
400 m/s. As mentioned earlier, this velocity is given by
V f C d 2 gh
where h is the pressure difference between injection and
cylinder pressures, measured in meters of fuel column.
The volume of fuel injected per second, Q, is given by
.
2 60 N i
Q d V f
4 360 N 60
THANK YOU!!