PROJECT ON

STEADY STATE HEAT CONDUCTION AND CONVECTION IN

AN ISOTROPIC RECTANGULAR PLATE

Submitted to:
Dr. Dinesh Kumar

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

(May-2015)
By:
Bajak Rahul(2014PDE5064)

ACKNOWLEDMENT
I take immense pleasure to express my deep and sincere gratitude to
my guide Prof. Dr. Dinesh Kumar Sir (Department Of Mechanical
Engineering, MNIT Jaipur) for his valuable guidance and suggestions. He
helped me a lot in developing project of this magnitude. Also while working
on this project it helped me a lot in understanding the subject.
I would also like to thank all my friends for helping me during the
project work and for inevitable suggestions whenever required

CONTENT

Introduction :
Development of the FEM model
Analysis
Results and Discussions
Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
Title : Steady state heat conduction and convection in isotropic rectangular plate
Problem statement : Description

Consider steady state heat conduction in an isotropic rectangular region of dimensions

4a2b as shown in figure. The origin of the x and y coordinates is taken at the lower left
corner such that x is parallel to the side 4a and y is parallel to the side 2b. The boundary
x=0 is insulated, boundary y=0 is maintained at zero temperature T1, boundary y=2b is
maintained at a temperature T=T0 and boundary at x=4a is provided with fluid convection
with convective heat transfer coefficient and fluid temperature T. We wish to determine
the temperature distribution using the finite element method in the region and the heat flux
using the same and compare the analytical result with the software results.

DEVELOPEMENT OF THE FEM MODEL

Weak form formulation:

governing differential equation of above problem,

Where,
T
= temperature (0C)
Kx ,ky = thermal conductivities along the x and y directions , respectively.
f = internal heat generation per unit volume (W/m3)

Now,
in our case there is one convection boundary condition .For the
convection boundary, the natural boundary condition is a balance of energy
transfer across the boundary due to conduction and/or convection.
= convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m2C
T = Ambient temperature of surrounding fluid medium = - 10 C
qn =Specified heat flux.
So weak form of problem ,
=
=
=B (w, T) l(T)

Finite element model:

The

finite element model is obtain

by substituting the finite element
approximation of the form,

For

T and for w into weak form,

Where

The
convection coefficient for the linear rectangular element are defined
by,

Interpolation function and element matrices:

=
i+1

So that ,
==
=

The

metrix is given by,

The

metrix is given by,

A plate shown in the fig. describe the discretization of the plate in the
small element .Every element of the discretization model is having length
of a and height of b.
In our problem the width of the plate is 4a = 0.4 m and height of the plate
2b = 0.2 m. And because of similarity of the all the elements of the mesh
the stiffness metrix of all elements are same.

And
stiffness metrix obtain from above weak form and shape function
(interpolation function) is given by,

Assembly of the element matrices :

Now

global K metrix,

And final equation of the FEM modeling is,

Where all the metrix are in global,

Where,
[X] and [Y] are in global.
Now in our case, for simplicity I have taken,
Kx ,ky = k = 30 W/ m C
= 18 W/ m2 C
= 0.1 m
f0 = constant internal heat generation = 400 W/m3
Take a = b = 0.1 m, so that we can find,

And source metrix,

and we can find {Q} And temperature column metrix {T},

Imposition of the boundary condition:

Now
apply the boundary conditions of the problem,
-Node 1 to 5 are at temperature of 0 C
-Node 11 to 15 are at 100 C
-Heat flux at the node 6 to 10 are 0,
Hence,
T1 = T1 =T1= T1 =T1 =0 C and
T1 =T1 =T1 =T1 =T1=100 C

Solution:

So

that we can obtain

finally,

By using the simple matlab program we can find the value of the temperature
and heat flux at the various nodes,

Matlab :

So temperatures at node 6 to 10 are

T1 = 50.0653 C
T1 = 50.0610 C
T1 = 50.0230 C
T1 =49.7229 C
T1 = 47.3599 C
And heat flux at node 1 to 5 and node 11 to 15 are
Q1 = -751.9 W/m2
Q2 = -1503.5 W/m2
Q3 = -1500.1 W/m2
Q4 = -1473.1 W/m2
Q5 = -230.6 W/m2
Q11 = 748.1 W/m2
Q12 = 1496.5 W/m2
Q13 = 1499.9 W/m2
Q14 = 1601.1 W/m2
Q15 = 774 W/m2

ANALYSIS

software name and version:

Ansys 15.0 workbench

Ansys 15.0 mechanical APDL
Modeling software: Creo parametric 2.0

Analysis using Ansys mechanical APDL:

Modeling :

Figure 3.1 modeling

Result temperature distribution:

Figure 3.2 Temperature distribution

Result heat flux:

Figure 3.3 Heat flux

Result Heat flux in vector form:

Figure 3.4 Heat flux in vector form

Result Thermal gradient:

Figure 3.5 Thermal gradient

Analysis using Ansys workbench 15.0

Boundary condition:

Figure 3.6 Boundary conditions

Temperature distribution:

Figure 3.7 Temperature distribution

Heat flux:

Figure 3.8 Heat flux

Results and Discussions

Analytical result of the problem compare with the result of software .
Node no.

Analytical result Software

of
results of
Temperature(C temperature(C)
)
50.0653
47

50.0610

46

50.0230

46.5

49.7229

45

10

47.3599

44.44

Table 1 Comparisons of results

Conclusion

Here we note that the result of analysis of

problem using software is much closer to the
value found analytically. There is amount of
error that taken into consideration. This error
in the Temperature distribution is due to our
law accuracy of calculation with limited
amount of mesh taken into consideration
while computer software is work with the high
degree of accuracy in calculation. If we take
more number of element for given problem
our answer will go closer to the actual one.