visual mathematical proofs and

identities that can be proven in

a single picture or drawing
not my work,but i can extract hundreds of these
The proofs come from algebra, number theory, geometry, calculus, complex
analysis, topology and various other fields of mathematics.
I'll start with a really easy integer sum proof this week. Without further a do,
here it is.Now try to figure what it proves without reading further! The colours
play an important role in the visual proofs, as do the shape of the visual
drawing, the shapes on it and their arrangement!
 The Proof
This picture proves that the sum of first n odd numbers is equal to n². In other words:
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + ... + (2n-1) = n².

Explanation
Imagine that the blue and green dots are marbles. Now let's look at the
lower left corner. One blue marble is located there. Next if we follow the
diagonal to the upper right corner, we see that the 1 blue marble is kind-
of wrapped in 3 green marbles, then they in turn are wrapped in 5 blue
marbles again, then those are wrapped in 7 green ones, which in turn are
wrapped in 9 blue ones, then 11 green ones, and finally 13 ones.
This suggests that we could look at the sum 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13.
Well what is it? It's 49. Also what does this sum involve? It involves only
odd numbers. Interesting.
Now let's count how many marbles we have on each side. 7 on one side
and 7 on the other. And what is 7x7? It's 49! And how many numbers did
we sum together? Well, seven - 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Interesting.
Could it be that the sum of the first n odd numbers is equal to n²? Or in
other words, is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + (2n-1) equal to n²?
Let's try to prove this hypothesis by going one number further and adding 15 green marbles -
13 filled marbles and 2 semi-filled marbles:

Adding 15 marbles created a square of marbles

again - now we have 64 marbles, 8 on each side.
The 2 semi-filled marbles are very important
here. Each time we go further from n odd
marbles to n+1 odd marbles, the difference
changes by 2. This difference of two marbles can
always be put where the semi-filled ones are in
this picture.
This actually concludes the proof. We showed
that the proof worked for several marbles, and
showed how it still works if we went one step
further. Therefore it works for all future steps.
This method of proof is called mathematical
induction and it's a very powerful and important
tool in mathematics for proving sums like these.
 Before we go
Can you figure out the two proofs hidden in this pic?