MEASURE OF LOCATION

Percentiles
Reported by:

NANETH M.
GUYO

Ungrouped Data
-The percentile rank n tells how
many percent of the cases got
below the rank position.
-The percentile point Pn is the
score or value that corresponds to
the given percentile rank.
Thus the example, P95 = 70.
To get the percentile point,
arrange first the observations in
increasing order or from the
lowest to the highest.

Example 1:

A classroom teacher gave a quiz to 10 students. The score obtained

are as follows:
5
8
7
6
3
6
10
5
6
4
a. What score corresponds to the 100th percentile?
b. What is the 50th percentile point?
c. What is the 0th percentile point?

Solution:
First, arrange the scores in increasing order:
3 4
5
5
6 6 6 7 8 10
Notice the following: the highest scores is 10, the middle score is 6, and the
lowest score is 3.
The student who scored 10 surpasses all the others. Recall that in the
discussion on class intervals, the limits are x- 0.5 and x + 0.5, respectively.
The 100th percentile point is the upper limit of the highest score. Thus, the
score that corresponds to the 100th percentile rank is 10.5, or P100 = 10.5.
The middle score of 6 surpasses half or 50% of the students. Therefore,
P50 = 6.
The lowest score is 3. It means that there are no scores below or that it
does not surpass any student. The 0th percentile point is the lower limit of
the lowest score. Thus, the score corresponding to the 0 th percentile rank
is 2.5, or P0= 2.5.

Example 2
In a class of 50, Edwin got a percentile
rank of 65.
What does the percentile rank imply?
How many students rank below
Edwin?

Solution:
The percentile rank of 65
implies that Edwin got a
score higher than 65% of
the class.
Since there are 50 students
in all, the number of
students who got scores
below Edwin is 50(65%) =
50(0.65) = 32.5, or simply
32 students.

Example 3:
Linda has a height corresponding to a
percentile rank of 70 in a group of girls. If
there are 20 girls in the group, how many of
them are taller than Linda?

Solution:
The percentile rank of 70 means that Linda
is taller than 70% of the group, or 20(70%)
= 20(0.70) = 14 girls. Therefore, the number
of girls in the group who are taller than
Linda is (20 14) 1 = 6 1 = 5.

DETERMINATION OF
PERCENTILES FOR GROUPED
DATA
To calculate for the ith percentile point,
Pi = L +

Where:
Pi = score corresponding to the ith percentile
rank
L = Lower limit of percentile class interval
f = frequency of the percentile class interval
F = cumulative frequency of the interval before
the percentile class interval
w = class width
p = rank in decimals or fraction
N = total frequency

The cumulative frequency is the sum

of the frequencies of subsequent
intervals.
The cumulative percentage is the
corresponding percentage for each
cumulative frequency.

Example 1: Table 1.1

Class Interval

Frequency (f)

80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34

1
2
2
6
6
9
7
5
5
3
2

Cumulative
Frequency (F)
48
47
45
43
37
31
22
15
10
5
2

Cumulative
Percentage
100
97.9
93.8
89.6
77.1
64.6
45.8
31.3
20.8
10.4
4.2

To calculate for P50, follow these steps:

Get pN. Since i= 50, then p = 0.50 while N = 48.
Therefore, pN = 0.50(48) = 24. Now, the cumulative
frequency of the 5th interval is 22, then the 50th
percentile is in the 6th interval.
The cumulative percentage under column 4 indicates
the percentile rank corresponding to the exact upper
limits of the intervals. For example, 93.8 is the
percentile rank corresponding to the percentile point
74.5 (the upper limit of the 9th interval. It follows that
54.5 corresponds to the 45.8th percentile. The 50th
percentile will then be found in the 6th interval.

For the percentile interval, get the lower

limit L (under column 1) and the frequency
f (under column 2). In our example, the
percentile interval is the 6th interval, L=
54.5 and f = 9.
Take the cumulative frequency F of the
interval before the percentile interval. From
column 3, F= 22 of the 5th interval.
The class width w is the size of the class
interval. In the example, w= 5.
Substitute these values in equation.

Pi = L +
= 54.5 +
= 54.5 +
= 54.5 + 1.11
= 55.61

Example 2

Determine the 25th percentile of the data

given in table 1.1.
Solution:
Since i= 25, p= 0.25, and N= 48, then pN
=0.25(48) = 12. The percentile interval is
the 4th interval. L= 44.5, f= 5, F= 10, and
w= 5.Substituting these values in equation,

Pi = L +
= 44.5 +

= 44.5 +
= 44.5 + 2
= 46.5

Thank
you!!!