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Geo 10
Geo 10
Western Ghats
Slope:
South
eastern
Physiography of India
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
N-C highlands
S-C highlands
Eastern plateau
North Deccan
South Deccan
Western Ghats
Eastern Ghats
Meghalaya
uplands
N-C highlands
S-C highlands
Eastern plateau
North Deccan
South Deccan
Western Ghats
Eastern Ghats
Meghalaya
uplands
N-C highlands
2
3
1
1)
2)
3)
4)
Aravalli
Mahabharat
Uplands
Madhya Bharat
Pathar
Bundelkhand
Aravalli range
Bundelkhand
Granite, gneissic
rocks
Drought-prone
low agroproductivity
Jhansi, Gwalior,
Hamirpur
S-C highlands
2
1
1)
2)
3)
Vindhyan range
Malawa plateau
Narmada valley
Vindhyan range
From GJ to Bihar
Rifting- southern
slope steeper than
northern slope
Vindhyan range
Source of
Vindhya
n range
many north
flowing rivers
Chmabal,
Sindh, Betwa
and Ken
(tributaries of
Yamuna)
Water divide
of central
India
Malawa plateau
Located btwn
Arvalli and
Vindhyan range
Semi arid region
Faulty agropractice- high
soil erosion
gully erosionChambal
badlands
Historically
known as
Khandesh
Eastern plateau
1
4
5
6
2
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Baghelkhand
Garhjat hills,
Rajmahal hills,
Mahanadi basin,
Dandkarnya
Chotanagpur
plateau
Ranch
i plt
Craton of Singhbhum
metallic mineral
rich
Rifting along
Damodar valley 2
parts
N. Hazaribaug
Plateau
S. Ranchi plateau
Damodar and
Mahanadi
Rifting coal formation
Unique coal + iron
combination
Garhj
at
hills
Rajmahal hills NE
edge of Chhota
Nagpur plt.
Garhjat hills
southern edge of
Chhotanagpur plt
Nort
h
koel
Chhota
river
Nagpur
plateau
Sou
Koe th
l
Radial
drainage
1) North koel,
(tri. Of Son),
Subarn 2) Damodar,
arekha
Barakar
river
3) Subarnrekha
4) South koel
rivers (tri. Of
Brahmani)
Meghalaya Plateau
Miki
r
hills
Regm
a hills
Kapilli
river
3 parts of plateau
Garo-Khasi-Jaintia
Garo (Nokrek), Khasi
(Shillong)
Mikir, Regma, Barail
ranges
Kapilli river
separates mikir,
Regma & Barail from
Meghalaya plateau
Meghalaya Plateau
Rajma
hal
hills
Malda
gap
Extension of
Peninsular block
Separated from
Chhotanagpur
plateau
Down warping
along Rajmahal
garo hills = malda
gap
GangaBrahmaputra flow
through the Malda
gap
Meghalaya Plateau
Monso
on
winds
Deccan traps
India pass over
Reunion hot spot
Basaltic lava flow
Layer over layer of
lava formation
Look like steps
traps
North Deccan
Satpura
range
MH
plateau
Satpura range
(Rajpipla,
Gawilgarh,
Mahaev, Maikal,
Amarkantak plt.)
Maharastra plateau
Satpura range
fold mt. of
Archaenean then
faulting
1) Rajpipla (GJ)
2) Gawilgarh (MH)
3) Mahadeo (MP),
4) Maikal (Chh)
) Highest peak
Dhupgarh
(Mahadeo)
Satpura Range
Amarkantak
Bet
ul
plat
eau
Amarka
ntak
plateau
plateau- east of
Maikal range
Source of Narmada
and Son (tri. Of
Ganga)
Betul plateau
south of Mahado
hills
source of river Tapi,
Pench/ Wainganga
river (Tri. Of
Godavari)
Questio
n
UPSC
Prelims
2007
MH plateau
Aja
nta
ern
West
s
Ghat
sat
ma
a l
Bala
Ha
ghat
ha rish
nd c
ra
MH
plate
au
Telang
ana plt
KN plt
Shield
crystalline
rocks
Overland by
lava flow
In south merge
with KN
plateau and in
east with
Telangana
plateau
South Deccan
1) KN -Dharwad plt
One of the oldest
physiographical
region
2) Telangana plateau
KN plateau
Mai
dan
pl
ai
n
udan
b
a
b
a
B
hills
Maln
ad
Bang
lore
plate
au
Dharwad plateau
The most oldest
sedimentary rocks of
India
Ancient Dharwad
craton (shield)
metallic mineral rich
region
Shimoga, Tumkur
and Chitradurg,
Chikmaglur of KN
mineral rich
Dharwad plateau
Iron and limestone
Bellary (KN) and
upto Ratnagiri (MH)
Fe ore
Kemangundi and
Kudremukh mines
(near Chikmaglur)
Telangana plateau
Satmal
a hills
Go
i r da
iv va
er r
Telan
gana
plate
au Krishna
river
Shesha
chalam
hills
Penn
eru
river
Benglore
plateau
Arachaean gneisses
Avg. elevation 500600m
Southern portion
higher than northern
part
North Satmala hills
South Sheshachalam
hills, Rayanseema plt
Drained by Godavari,
Krishna and Penneru
Western Ghats
GJ-MH-KN-TN-KR
Sat
mal
a ala
B
ghat
Harishc
handra
Ajan
ta
Ajanta Satmala
Balaghat
Harishchandra
Highest peak:
Anaimudi
Passes:
Thalghat Btwn
Mumbai-Nashik
Bhor ghat btwn
Mumbai -Pune
KN:
Gentle slope= Air
parcel can retain
energy and speed for
a long time, allowing
cloud droplets to
grow and precipitate
as rainfall.
In Karnataka,
mountains are
continuous. No
gaps= Clouds cant
easily escape to
leeward side.
KN-KR-TN region:
Bandipur-WaynadMudumalai NP
Largest population
of leopards
leopards + tigers+
wild dogs
TN tea-coffee
KN rubber,
coffee, cashew
plantation
KR- spices
Eastern Ghats
1
3
4
5
Discontinuous range
lower than western
Ghats
1) Northern circas
2) Nallamalla
3) Palkonda
4) Javadi
5) Shevroy
) Highest peak:
Armakonda
Eastern Ghats
Laterite soils
`
1
1
2
3
4
Bauxite deposits:
1) Malaygiri
2) Niyamgiri
3) Baflai mali
4) Panchpat mali
) POSCO plant,
Niyamgiri
1
3
2
4
South of Western
Ghats but
geologically not
part of Western
Ghats or Eastern
Ghats
1) Nilgiri,
2) Anamalai
3) Palani
4) Kardamom
hills
Southern complex
Nilg
iri
Anna
malai
Pala
cardani
mom
Palghat btwn
Nilgiri and
Annamalai hills
Shenkotta gap
btwn
Cardamom
Hill stations:
Nilgiri Ooty
Annamalai
Munnar
Palani hills Kodaikanal
Questio
n
UPSC
Prelims
2005
d) Anamalai Nilgiri
javadi- Nallamalai
Questio
n
UPSC
Prelims
2005
Nalla
malla
Nilg
iri
Anna
malai
Javadi
Pala
cardani
mom
c) Nallamalla Javadi
Nilgiri- Anamalai hills
Ans. C)
Questio
n
UPSC
Prelims
2005
Questio
Q. Which of the
n
following hills are found
UPSC
where Western Ghats
and Eastern Ghats
meet?
Prelims
2008
a) Anamalai hills
b) Cardamom hills
c) Nilgiri hills
d) Shevroy hills
Ans. C)
Nilgiri hills
Questio
n
UPSC
Prelims
2005
Physiography of India
Coastal plains
Western coastal
plain
Narrower
than
Eastern coastal
plain
Steeper fast
flowing rivers No
alluvial deposits
Rivers form
Estuaries and not
deltas
Good for Port
development
M
ah
i
Sa
at ba
rm
i
Narm
ada
Tapi
Formation of 2 gulfs:
gulf of Khambhat
and gulf of Kutchh
Narmada, Mahi,Tapi
and Sabarmati flow
into Gulf of
Khambhat
Kathiawar: radial
drainage
Islands: Alia bet,
Pirotan island, Diu
Baidar, Kora,
Kurumbhar Is in g. of
Kutchh
koc
hi
Vembna
d lake
Periya
r river
Annam
alai
hills
KR coast/Malabar
coast:
Vembnad lake
Periyar river merge
near Vembnad lake
Inner side
Ernakulam and
outward side Kochi
Whe
eler
Is.
Chilka
lake
Rushiku
lya
river
Odisha coast:
Wheeler Is.
missile
testing
Chilka lake
(biggest)
Olive ridley
turtles
Ganjam
coast- (nr.
Mouth of
Rushikulya
river)
Pulicut
lake
+Shrihar
ikota
Island
Koll
eru
lake
Andhra coast:
Kolleru lake
deltaic lake
(Goadavari and
Krishna rivers)
Pulicut lake split
bar Shriharikota Is.
(ISRO rocket
launching station)
Eastern
Plain
Pal
ar
riv
Javadier
hills
Shevroy
hills
Ka
ver
i
riv
er
Carda
mom
hills
Va
ig
ai
riv
er
TN coast:
Winter rainfall
Rameshwaram
Pamban Island
last point
Dhanushkondi
Gulf of Mannar
biosphere reserve
Ram setu issue
Physiography of India