Appiko movement

The Chipko movement in Uttarakhand in the

Himalayas inspired the villagers of the district
of Karnataka province in southern India to
launch a similar movement to save their
forests.
In September 1983,led by panduranga hegde,
men, women and children of Salkani "hugged
the trees" in Kalase forest.
The Appiko Movement is trying to save the
Western Ghats by spreading its roots all over
southern India.

 The movement's objectives can be

classified into three major areas:
First, the Appiko Movement is struggling
to save the remaining tropical forests in
the Western Ghats.
Second, it is making a modest attempt to
restore the greenery to degraded areas.
Third, it is striving to propagate the idea
of rational utilization in order to reduce
the pressure on forest resources.

 The Appiko Movement uses various

techniques to raise awareness: foot
marches in the interior forests, slide shows,
folk dances, street plays and so on.
The movement has achieved a fair amount
of success: the state government has
banned felling of green trees in some forest
areas; only dead, dying and dry trees are
felled to meet local requirements.

Chipko movement
The Chipko movement is a socialecological movement that practised the
Gandhian methods of satyagraha and nonviolent resistance, through the act of
hugging trees to protect them from being
felled.
The modern Chipko movement started in
the early 1970s in the Garhwal Himalayas
of Uttarakhand with growing awareness
towards rapid deforestation.

 One of the prominent Chipko leaders,

Gandhian Sunderlal Bahuguna, took a 5,000kilometre trans-Himalaya foot march in
198183, spreading the Chipko message to a
far greater area.
Gradually, women set up cooperatives to
guard local forests, and also organized
fodder production at rates conducive to local
environment.
Next, they joined in land rotation schemes
for fodder collection, helped replant
degraded land, and established and ran
nurseries stocked with species they selected.

Means to rehabilitate the

affected people
Alternate land should be given
Enough compensation must be given
Job for at least one person in the
family
Infrastructure must be developed
Arrangements before the launching
of the actual project
It should be realized that the
psychological and cultural loss is
never compensated

shantiniketan
Shri Rabindranath Tagore founded
Shantiniketan a university that taught
an environment based philosophy.
He relied on exposing young people to
nature.
Tagore linked the ancient concepts of
learning with celebrations of nature
through music, dance, drama and
poetry.

 At shantiniketan there were

ceremonial tree plantings way back
in 1928.
Shantiniketan is now accepted as the
route to environment education and
sustainable living and is essentially
based on preserving nature.

Deep ecology
Deep ecology was forested by the thinking
of Arne Naess, a Norwegian Professor of
philosophy and a great believer in Gandhian
thinking and Buddhism.
It recognizes the intrinsic value of all living
beings and looks upon mankind as a small
segment of a great living community of life
forms.
It also emphasizes to restore the degraded
areas to their former natural state along
with the wilderness preservation.

Chula issue
The WHO estimates that 1.6 billion
early deaths occur naturally from
cooking stove pollution.
Chula smoke is the third highest cause
of disease and death, after dirty water
and lack of sanitation.
Between 4 5.5 lac children less than
5 years and women die each year in
India due to indoor smoke.

Karnatakas GIS scheme

Bhoomi project is an attempt made
by Karnataka State Government for
Computerisation of Land Records.
This project is sponsored jointly by
Ministry of Rural Development,
Government of India and State
Government of Karnataka.

 Under the Bhoomi E-Governance

project all 20 million land records of
6.7 million land owners in 176 taluks
of Karnataka have been
computerised.
This system works with the software
called "BHOOMI" designed fully inhouse by National Informatics
Center, Bangalore.