Overview of Jamaica

Located in the Caribbean Sea

Largest river Black river
The language of Jamaica is English
Jamaica's currency is the Jamaican dollar
The value of the Jamaican dollar is 1 J$= .56 rs
Religion Christian, Jews, Hindus, Muslims, Bahai's and Rastafarians
Population - 2.8 million

What is healthcare industry?

The healthcare industry (also called the medical industry or health economy) is
an aggregation of sectors within the economic system that provides goods and
services to treat patients with curative, preventive, rehabilitative, and palliative
care. It includes the generation and commercialization of goods and services
lending themselves to maintaining and re-establishing health.
The healthcare industry is one of the world's largest and fastest-growing
industries. Consuming over 10 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) of most
developed nations, health care can form an enormous part of a country's economy.

Overview of Healthcare Sector of Jamaica

Provide primary secondary/tertiary care facilities

24 hospitals
5 specialist institutions
348 health centres
There is no health information system policy and strategic framework exist
Number of policies, legislation and guidelines
Life expectancy at birth increased
Malaria, HIV-AIDS, cancer
Government Focus on Maternal and Child Health

STEEPLED Analysis of Healthcare Sector of Jamaica

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Social factor
Technological factor
Economic factor
Environment factor
Political factor
Legal factor
Ethical factor
Demographic factor

Social factor:
Increased attention to health education
Awareness about the health insurance
Technological factor:
E-Health solutions for the health sector.
Mobile devices and other Internet-based technologies for involving patients in
their own health care
Public Health Surveillance Systems

Economic Factors:
GDP contribution is 5.9%(2013).
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure
(2013) is 6.8%.
Environmental factor:
Sanitation system in urban area is 87% of total but in rural are it is only 42% of
total.
Communicable diseases are 50% more than the fatal diseases.
Malaria & jaundice are more.

Political factor:
Most of the documents listed are produced by the Ministry of Health.
Supplementary to Guidelines for Community Private Health Facilities.
establishing and operating these facilities in Jamaica.
Legal factor:
National health service act
Insurance Act
Right of access to medical records

Ethical factor:
To make the care of your patient doctors first concern
To respect a patients privacy, and maintain confidentiality and safety of his/her.
Demographic factor:
Population: 2.9 million(2014)
Life expectancy(73.44 year)
Infant mortality rate(13.98 deaths/1000 live births)

Overview of India

Geographical location:
India is geographically located at 28 36.8' N and 77 12.5' E in the northern
hemisphere of the globe.
Area of 3, 287, 263 sq. km., the peninsular India is world's 7th largest country
Population:
Current Population of India is 1,290,381,418 (1.29 billion) people is the second
most populous country in the world.
More than 50% of India's current population is below the age of 25

Language:
Hindi is the official language in India and English as an additional language in
government
20 other officially recognized languages in India listed on the 8th Schedule
Religion:
India known as the land of spirituality and philosophy was the birthplace of some
religions, which even exist today in the world.
six major religious communities namely, Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Sikh,
Buddhist, Jain

Currency:
The Indian Rupee is the currency of India
The currency code for Rupees is INR, and the currency symbol is
Indian rupee = 1.79 J$

Flag:
The Indian national flag is popularly known as Tiranga

National anthem:
Jana Gana Mana" is the national anthem of India
Written in highly Sanskritised (Tatsama) Bengali, the first of five stanzas of a
Brahmo hymn composed and scored by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore

Economy of India:
The Economy of India is the seventh-largest in the world by nominal GDP and
the third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP)

Overview of Healthcare Sector of India

5 sub-segments of healthcare sector Hospitals, Pharmaceuticals, Diagnostics,

Medical Equipment, Medical Insurance
It constitutes 5.2% of Indias GDP and employs 4 million people
Major players of Healthcare Industry:
Apollo Hospitals Enterprise Ltd.
Max Hospitals
Cipla Ltd.
Dr.Reddy's Laboratories Ltd

STEEPLED Analysis of Healthcare Sector of India

Social factor:
Increase in the life expectancy and ageing population
A shift to lifestyle-related diseases will be the driver for higher healthcare spends
Higher Population and Literacy
Technological:
Health infrastructure in the West
Quality Service and low cost of Healthcare

Economical:
Growing incomes
Significant investment opportunities are present for the private sector
Environmental:
Medical waste management and disposal
Climate change and its effects on health
Hazardous materialsmanagement, includinghazardous
wastemanagement

Political:
Lower Public Expenditure
Private Investment
Legal:
Authorities
Hospitals
Medical Devices

Ethical:
Long existence of medical ethics
Changed into an interdisciplinary field
Demographical:
India's population: 1.277 billion people (2015)
Population growth rate is 1.2%
India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than
65% below the age of 35.
India total Literacy rate is 74.03%

COMPARISON OF STEEPLED ANALYSIS BETWEEN

JAMAICA AND INDIA IN HEALTHCARE SECTOR
SECTOR
Social

JAMAICA

INDIA

1) Public is not so aware about health 1) In India, people are aware about their
as compare to India.
health.
2) People are not so aware about 2) People have started taking an insurance
insurance policy.
policy.

Technology

1) Adaptability of new technology is 1)

moderate.
2)
2) Government spending on medical
research is higher than India.

Adaptability of new technology is high.

Government spending on medical
research is lower as come to other
countries.

3) The quality of technology is not 3) While in India, we use superior quality of

superior.
technology.

Economic

1) The GDP contribution of health 1) The GDP contribution of health care

care sector in Jamaica is
sector in India is 6% (2015).
6.8%(2015).
2) Per capita expenditure rise with
2) Per capita expenditure rise with
increase in education level.
increase in education level.

Environment

1) They are disposing Medical

wastage in proper manner.

1) They are not disposing medical

wastage in proper manner.

2) There is an adverse effect on people. 2) There is on people effect on people.

Political

Legal

1) Government has started taking 1) Government has already started

steps in interest of public.
taking steps in interest of India.
2) Government is not giving a free 2) Government is providing free
medical treatment.
medical treatment for poor people.
1) They have a proper laws for 1) State level & local authorities
public healthcare.
have formulated strict low
regarding healthcare.

Ethical

1) Medical ethics are followed 1) Medical ethics are not properly

properly compare to India.
establish & are not followed by
doctors.

Demography

1) The population growth rate in 1) The population growth rate is

Jamaica is o.3% per year.
1.2% per year.

2) The literacy rate of Jamaica is 2) The literacy rate of India is

88.7%.
74.03%.

Overview of Chhattisgarh

Geographical location:
Chhattisgarh, located in Central India, has been carved out of Madhya Pradesh to
become the 26th state of the Indian Union. It is endowed with huge mineral
deposits and forest resources.
Population:
Current Population of Chhattisgarh is 25500000 (25.5 million)
Out of total population of Chhattisgarh, 23.24% people live in urban regions.

Language:
The following languages spoken in Chhattisgarh:
Chhattisgarhi
Hindi
Odia

Ethnic groups
Halbi
Kol people
Muria people

Contribution in GDP
Chhattisgarh is presently one of the few states that have surplus power. Korba
district in Chhattisgarh is known as the power capital of India
The gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Chhattisgarh is expected to reach
US$ 47.75 billion in FY 18 from US$ 34.7 billion in FY 15.

Overview of Healthcare Sector of Chhattisgarh

5 sub-segments of healthcare sector Hospitals, Pharmaceuticals,
Diagnostics, Medical Equipment, Medical Insurance
It constitutes 7.2% of Chhattisgarhs GDP and employs 7 lacs people
Major players of Healthcare Industry:

Balaji Hospital Ltd.

Fortis Healthcare Ltd.
Apollo Hospital Ltd.
ESCORTS HEART INSTITUTE AND RESEARCH CENTRE

SWOT Analysis of Healthcare Sector of Jamaica

Strengths:
Child Health maintains prominence among the health policy makers
The high quality of our health professionals
Significant achievements in immunization programmes
Maternal Health remains high on the policy agency
Visits for antenatal and postnatal care remain high
Rapid tests at clinics to screen HIV/AIDS patients
The Ministry of Health and the Environment has managed to keep the HIV/AIDS
issue on the agenda
Attitudes of doctors have improved and there are less complaints from patients

Weaknesses:
A chronic shortage of nurses and other health professionals
Weak management systems and practices
Under-funding of the health services
Inadequate use of information technology
Children with HIV/AIDS are not properly monitored and their quality of life is
often poor
Childbirth the death is not always treated as a pregnancy related illness
Fee waiver may over burden the public health system

Opportunities:
Favourable policy and legislative framework
Established primary health care infrastructure
Research orientation
Implementation of Change Management strategies
Evaluation of the impact of the reform process on efficiencies and effectiveness
Systems/processes
Health outcomes
Health financing review

Threats:
Slow behaviour change in relation to sexual practices.
Linked to child health, is the issue of the high rate of teenage pregnancy.
HIV/AIDS problem leads to some infectious diseases e.g. tuberculosis that could
retard the progress made in the reduction of infectious diseases.
Injuries (intentional and unintentional) and violence.
Mental health, including substance abuse.
HIV, STI and TBs.

SWOT Analysis of Healthcare Sector of India

Strength :
Good Quality Services are available at a low cost
India has a large supply of qualified doctors
India has a strong presence in good quality and advanced healthcare. We also
have a high success rate in operations.
Doctors reputation on the international front is very high
Increases Medical Tourism (30% annual growth rate)

Weakness :
Delivering healthcare in India is costly.
We have a limited access to life saving medicines.
A normal middle class family cannot afford the specialty healthcare.

Opportunities :
Healthcare Industry has good support from the government.
Major Pharmaceutical companies to choose India as the preferred hub for their
global R&D and manufacturing operations .
The growth of middle class in the country has resulted in fast changing lifestyles
in urban and to some extent rural centres. This opens a huge market for lifestyle
oriented drugs, which has a very low contribution in the Indian markets.

Threats:
Primary Health Infrastructure is the responsibility of the government
Cost of discovering new drugs is very high

SWOT Analysis of Healthcare Sector in Chhattisgarh

Strength:
The Mitanin Programme: The Mitanin scheme of community based health
services has become a huge success in the state and is also being considered for
replication in other states
Improving Performance of the Hospitals: The Jeevan Deep Approach a pioneering
hospital reform scheme that facilitates creation of Hospital Management
Committees in all types of government health institutions
Inter-facility transport through 108 or departmental ambulances
Transport subsidy for special group of patients RSBY or HIV patients

Weaknesses:
Financial Burden of Healthcare: It was clear that households belonging to the
low-income class in the sample spent a larger share (14.14 %) of their monthly
income on healthcare as compared to people from the other economic classes. In
monetary terms, it was M526 for the respondents from low income classes
No incentives disbursed so far
Patient admitted for 3-5 days for investigations and given medicines
Private hospitals treating fewer medical conditions than public hospitals
Most packages priced much lower than what paying patients are charged
Surgical conditions/procedures less except in Medical College

Opportunities :
Fixed day services at PHCs.
Mobile clinics.
PPPs for New medical colleges Specialty hospitals Nursing homes in
tribal rural areas Diagnostics. Training and skill up-gradation of staff.
Telemedicine
104-medical advice

Threats :
Private

pharmacy given contract by many CHCs/PHCs for supply of drugs

Working with unethical manner
Lack of latest medical equipment
Lack of expert
Product patent regime pose serious challenge
Drug price control order puts unrealistic on product prices and profitability
More competitive global players
Lack of Govt. Support and R&D activity

Conclusion
It is possible in Jamaica for further growth in health care industries.
Indias major players can invest in Jamaica for their development in healthcare sector.
In Jamaica HIV, AIDS disease are high in number so Jamaicas government should
take some action regarding that. They should spread awareness.
Indias major players should start collaborating with Jamaica and should start joint
venture.
Chhattisgarh is underdeveloped state in healthcare. They are not aware of their health.
So, government should take step to spend awareness.
There is tough competition between major players of health care industry. So, they
should start industry in Jamaica as Jamaica needs to develop their health care
industry.

Bibliography

http://info.shine.com/industry/healthcare-medical/5.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica,_Land_We_Love
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Jamaica
http://www.focus-economics.com/countries/jamaica
http://www.britannica.com/place/Jamaica
http://www.indexmundi.com/jamaica/economy_profile.html
http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/JAM
http://www.indexmundi.com/jamaica/economy_profile.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Jamaica
http://moj.gov.jm/laws/insurance-act
http://moj.gov.jm/laws/national-health-services-act
http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/legal-notes-Mar-3_7458984
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Jamaica
http://caribbean.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0043-31442011000400023
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Chhattisgarh
http://info.shine.com/industry/healthcare-medical/5.html

Thank You