Paracetamol

Muhammad Afiq Bin Abd Malek

11-2013-326

Overview
PCT merupakan salah 1 obat yang paling

sering digunakan
Efek: analgesik ringan & antipiretik
PCT = acetaminophen

History
At

the University of Strassburg in the 1880s

Professor Kussmaul, asked two assistants to give
naphthalene as a treatment for intestinal worms.
The medicine had little effect on worms, but one
patient had a great reduction in fever temperature.
It was found that this patient had, in fact, been
given acetanilide instead of naphthalene due to a
mistake at the pharmacy
Arnold Chan and Paul Heppa - quickly published
their discovery and acetanilide was introduced into
medical practice in 1886 under the name of
antifebrin

History (cont)
Acetanilide sangat toxic ->

methemoglobinemia
Less toxic derivatives of acetanilide
Phenacetin & N-acetyl-p-aminophenol
In 1893 Joseph von Mering made paracetamol

Mekanisme Kerja
Menghambat cyclooxygenase COX -1 COX-2
Menurunkan sintesis prostaglandin

Sediaan
Tablet 500 mg
Sirup 120 mg/5 mL
Drop 60 mg/0,6 mL
Supos 125 mg, 250 mg
IV vial 1000 mg/100 mL

Dosis
Anak: 10-15 mg/kg oral dose & 15-20 mg/kg

rectal dose setiap 4-6 jam

Bayi: per oral/rektal 10 mg/kg setiap 4 jam
atau 15 mg/kg setiap 6 jam (max 60 mg/kg
per hari).

Metabolisme

Efek Samping
Toksisitas
Gejala awal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea,

abdominal pain
Acute hepatic failure (dosis PCT 7.5-15 g /24
h)
Acute renal tubular necrosis & acute renal
failure

Antidote
Acetylcysteine
150mg/kg IV dalam 15 menit
50 mg/kg dalam 4 jam
100 mg/kg dalam 16 jam

THANK YOU!