DIESEL POWER PLANT

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Power generation using IC engine

coupled to generator with diesel as fuel

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

PARTS OF DIESEL ENGINE POWER PLANT CIRCUIT

DIESEL ENGINE

STARTING SYSTEM

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

AIR INTAKE SYSTEM

LUBRICATION SYSTEM

EXHAUST SYSTEM

COOLING WATER SYSTEM

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Diesel Power Plant - Layout

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

DIESEL ENGINE
The heart of Diesel engine power plant is the Diesel driven 4S water
cooled Diesel engine
STARTING SYSTEM
Diesel engine used in diesel power plants is not self starting. The engine
is started from cold condition with the help of an air compressor. A 12-36V
battery operated started motor is also used for start up.
FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM
Fuel from the storage tank is pumped through a filter into a smaller tank
called all day tank. This tank supplies the daily requirements of the diesel
engine.
AIR INTAKE SYSTEM
The air required for the combustion of fuel inside the diesel engine
cylinder is drawn through the air filter. The purpose of the filter is to
remove dust from the incoming air.

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Components of the engines are subjected to wear and tear. Hence Lub oil
is circulated through the engine for proper operation of the engine. The
hot lube oil from the engine is cooled in a oil cooler. The oil is circulated by
a oil pump
EXHAUST SYSTEM
The exhaust gases coming out of the engine is very noisy. In order to
reduce the noise a silencer(muffler) is used.
COOLING SYSTEM
The temperature of the burning fuel inside the engine cylinder is in the
order of 15000C to 20000C. In order to lower this temperature water is
circulated around the engine using a CW pump. The hot water is cooled in
cooling tower and circulated.

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Advantages of Diesel Power

Handling fuel is easy, no ash handling
Plant
Simple layout than other plants
Can be started quickly
Suitable for low capacity plants ( From 2MW)
Plant smaller in size
Thermal efficiency (43-45%) is higher compared to Steam power
plant (33-36%)
Easy to operate & can be automated
Less water cooling
Can be located closer to load center
Installation cost low (`7000-`9000 per KWh)
Less or no standby losses
Can be used as peak load plants along with other power
plants
Widely used as mobile power generator including
locomotives.
Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Disadvantages of Diesel
Power Plant
1. Limited Capacity (Max 50MW)
2. Unit cost increases with increase in capacity. Diesel cost
is high
3. Overload operation not guaranteed
4. Noise pollution
5. Maintenance & Lubrication cost is high.
6. Life span is less 2-5 years only.
7. Not suitable for continuous overload condition

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Principle: Highly compressed heated air is combusted

in a combustion chamber which is expanded in a turbine
for generation of power
Gas turbines have three main parts:
i)Air compressor
ii)
Combustion chamber
iii)
Turbine

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

GAS POWER PLANT LAYOUT

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Applications of gas turbine:

Gas turbines are used to drive pumps, compressors and high
speed cars.
Used in aircraft and ships for their propulsion. They are not
suitable for automobiles because of their very high speeds.
Power generation(used for peak load and as stand-by unit).
Note :
Gas turbines run at even higher temperatures than steam
turbines, the temperature may be as high as 1100 12600C.
The thermal efficiency of gas turbine made of metal components
do not exceed 36%.
Research is underway to use ceramic components at turbine
inlet temperature of 13500C or more, and reach thermal
efficiencies over 40% in a 300 kW unit.
Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Advantages of Gas Turbine

Power
Plant
Small is size. Has low Power/weight ratio and less initial

cost
Can be installed in a short period.
Quick starting and smooth running
Capable of using liquid or gaseous fluids including
synthetic fuels
Fewer environmental restrictions
Water consumption is less
Supplies both compressed air and power

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE

Disadvantages of Gas Turbine

Plant

An electric motor or IC engine required for starting

High frequency noise

High RPM and heat requires special materials
Overall efficiency is low since 2/3rd power is used for
running the compressor
Incompatible with solid fuels

Jerry Andrews, Mech Dept, MCE