Blood Donation

Donor Selection
Autologous Donation
Intro to Blood Components
Apheresis
Donor Scope
Screening
• Medical history requirements
Autologou
• Physical examination
s • Serologic testing
Donation
Blood “Is it safe for the donor and the
Compo- patient?”
nents
Apheresis
Donor Steps
Screening
1. Registration
Autologou 2. Medical History Questionnaire
s 3. Confidential Unit exclusion
Donation 4. Physical examination
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Step 1: Registration
Screening
• Name
Autologou
• Date and time of donation
s • Address
Donation • Telephone number
Blood • Gender
Compo- • Age or date of birth
nents
• Consent to donate
Apheresis • Others: SSS#, race, CMV status, px
if directed donor
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
1. Previous donation
- Allogeneic: 8 weeks or 56 days
Autologou
s - Pheresis: 48 hours
Donation 2. Pregnancy, Doctor’s care, surgery,
major illness
Blood
- transfusion: 12 months
Compo-
- Lymphoma and AIDS: permanent
nents
3. Infection and antibiotics
Apheresis
- Except those for acne
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
4. Heart, lung and bleeding problems
- causes for deferral:
Autologou a. CV, coronary or rheumatic
s heart disease (case to case)
b. active PTB
Donation
c. history of Ca, leukemia,
Blood lymphoma (X’ns: basal or
sq. cell, in situ of the cervix &
Compo- papillary thyroid that has been
nents removed
d. Bleeding instances
Apheresis
e. hemophilia, von W, sickle,
thalassemia, kaposi’s, polycythemia,
clotting factor recipient
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
5. Hepatitis
- HBsAg and anti-HBc (indefinite)
Autologou - Hepa A and antibodies before 11
s years of age (further assessment)
Donation 6. HIV
7. Babesiosis, Chagas’ disease
Blood
8. Meds:
Compo-
a. Tegison or etretinate - permanent
nents
b. Accutane or Proscar – 1 month
Apheresis c. Dutasteride or Avodart – 6 months
d. Soriatane – 3 years
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
9. Aspirin and Piroxicam
Autologou – 3 days
s 10. Vaccinations & Immunizations
Donation - measles, mumps, polio, typhoid,
Blood yellow fever: 2-week deferral
Compo- - German measles or chickenpox:
nents 4-week deferral
Apheresis - toxoids or killed: as long as not
febrile
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
11. Travel
- malaria: 1 year (if visitor)
Autologou
s 3 years (if resident)
Donation 12. Commercial sex
- 1977 to 12 months prior
Blood
13. Sex with HIV-prone &
Compo-
hemophiliacs
nents
14. Sexual practice
Apheresis
15. Motive for donating
16. Awareness regarding AIDS
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
17. Awareness about the procedure
18. Cameroon, Central African
Autologou Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
s Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria
Donation
19. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
Blood 20. Bovine insulin
Compo- 21. Growth hormone or dura mater
nents graft
Apheresis 22. 6 month or more bet. 1890 to 1996
in Europe or Turkey
23. Travel to Europe
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
24. Contact w/ px who is symptomatic
for viral hepa
Autologou - 12-month deferral
s
25. Tattoo, ear or skin piercing or
Donation
acupuncture
Blood - 12 months
Compo- 26. Blood transfusion – 12 months
nents
27. STD (esp syphillis)
Apheresis 28. Imprisonment – 12 months
29. Pregnancy – miscarriage within 6
wks and/or receiving transfusion
Donor Step 2: MHQ
Screening
• West Nile Virus
– 14 days after recovery
Autologou
s – 28 days from onset
Donation – If fever with headache 1 wk prior: 28
days
Blood • SARS
Compo- – 14 days after return from USA
nents
– 28 days after becoming asymptomatic
Apheresis and completion of meds

“When in doubt …”
Donor Step 3: CUE
Screening
• Not required by AABB and FDA
Autologou
• Bar code
s • Any other appropriate
Donation devise/system
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Step 4: PE
Screening
1. General appearance
2. Weight:
Autologou
s (Donor’s wt in lbs)(450 ml)
Donation ------------------------------------------- =
A
Blood
110 lbs
Compo-
nents
Allowable amount or A
Apheresis ------------------------------------- x 14 =
Ac
100
Donor Step 4: PE
Screening
3. Temperature: not >37.5 °C or
99.5°F
Autologou
s 4. Pulse: regular, 50 to 100 bpm
Donation 5. BP: max 180/100 mmHg
Blood 6. H-H (methods?)
Compo- allogeneic: 12.5 g/dL-38%
nents autologous: 11 g/dL-33%
Apheresis 7. Skin lesions
 Window Period
HBV : 59 days
HCV : 82 days
HIV-1 : 21 days

Immune reaction

Serological positive

Infection
Time
pbcc2008eyan,md
 Window Period
HBV : 34 days HBV : 59 days
HCV : 23 days HCV : 82 days
HIV-1 : 11 days HIV-1 : 21 days

NAT positive

Immune reaction

Serological positive

Virus
Infection
Earlier detection
Time
pbcc2008eyan,md
Ambient Temp SpGr of CuSO4 (RETRACTED)

60-62 1.053 +/- 0.001

63-64 1.054 +/- 0.001
66-68 1.055 +/- 0.001
69-71 1.056 +/- 0.001
72-74 1.057 +/- 0.001
75-77 1.058 +/- 0.001
78-80 1.059 +/- 0.001
Donor Generalities
Screening
1. Definition?
Autologou 2. Safer than allogeneic?
s 3. Can it be used for others?
Donation 4. Types:
Blood 1. Preoperative collection
Compo- 2. Acute normovolemic hemodilution
nents 3. Intraoperative collection
Apheresis 4. Postoperative collection
Donor Preoperative
Screening
1. Proper identification
Autologou 2. Indications:
s 1. Orthopedic procedures
Donation 2. Vascular surgery
3. Cardiac or thoracic surgery
Blood
4. Radical prostatectomy
Compo-
nents 5. Pregnancy

Apheresis
Donor Acute Normovolemic hemodilution
Screening
1. Blood is replaced with crystalloid
and re-infused after 8 hours in the
Autologou
reverse order
s
Donation
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Intra-operative
Screening
1. Not recommended for patients with
tendency to coagulate
Autologou
spontaneously or unnecessarily
s
Donation
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Post-operative
Screening
1. Blood is re-infused without
processing
Autologou
s
Donation
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Directed donors
Screening
1. Proper labeling
Autologou 2. Gamma irradiation
s 3. Component therapy (see tables)
Donation
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Components
Screening
1. Whole blood modified
2. Whole blood irradiated
Autologou
3. RBC’s
s
4. RBC Aliquots
Donation
5. RBC’s irradiated
Blood 6. RBC’s Leukoreduced
Compo- 7. Frozen, deglycerolized RBC’s
nents
8. Platelet concentrates
Apheresis 9. Platelet aliquots
10. Platelets leukoreduced
11. Single-donor plasma
Donor Components
Screening
12. Plasma and liquid plasma
13. S/D-Pooled plasma
Autologou
14. Cryoprecipitated Antihemophilic factor
s
15. NovoSeven
Donation
16. Factor VIII, IX and XIII concentrates
Blood 17. Immune serum globulin
Compo- 18. NSA
nents
19. Plasma protein fraction
Apheresis 20. Rho(D) Immune globulin
21. Synthetic volume expanders
22. Antithrombin III concentrates
Donor Classification
Screening
1. Plateletpheresis
Autologou 2. Plasmapheresis
s 3. Leukopheresis
Donation 4. Double RBC pheresis
Blood 5. Stem cell pheresis
Compo-
nents
Apheresis
Donor Plateletpheresis
Screening
1. Similar to whole blood
requirements
Autologou
s 2. Interval of 2 days
Donation 3. Not more than twice a week or 24
times a year
Blood
Compo- 4. >150,000 per microliter if interval
nents is less than 4 weeks
Apheresis
Donor Plasmapheresis
Screening
1. Types:
1. Occasional – not more than once
Autologou every 4 weeks
s 2. Serial – more frequent than once
Donation every weeks
Blood 2. Frequency:
1. Interval of 48 hours
Compo-
nents 2. Maximum of 2 donations in a 7-day
period
Apheresis 3. Normal TP, serum protein
electrophoresis or quantitative
immunoglobulins
Donor Leukopheresis
Screening
Makes use of:
Autologou
• Hydroxyethyl starch
s • Corticosteroids
Donation • Growth factors such as
Blood granulocyte-colony stimulating
Compo- factor
nents
Apheresis
Donor Double RBC pheresis
Screening
• 2 units every 16 weeks by an
automated method
Autologou
s • Male: 130 lbs, 5’1”, Hct 40%
Donation • Females: 150 lbs, 5’5”, Hct 40%
Blood
Compo-
nents
Apheresis