WELCOME

ARYAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

GHAZIABAD

SEMINAR
DTH

DTH can be defined as :

The reception of satellite
programmers with a personal dish
at individual home.
DTH does not require the local
cable operator and put the
broadcaster directly in touch with
the consumer.

WHAT IS DTH

DTH Stands for Direct to

home television .

HISTORY
The first person who invented
the technology for DTH was sir
ARTHURE CLARLES CLARKE , a
british inventor in late 1946.
The DTH service was first
proposed in INDIA in 1996 , but
was not approved due to concern
over national security.
Finally , 2000 DTH service was

To provide the service to the

consumers from 1st of April ,2000.
After this other DTH service
provider like ZEE and STAR starded
pushing hard for DTH service in
INDIA and setup earth station whose
cost was 2.15 million and was valid
for 10 years in INDIA.

 MAIN PARAMETER OF DTH

DTH network consist of
Broadcasting center .
Satellite encodes.
Multiplexer.
Modulator.
DTH receiver.

DTH NETWORK

UPLINK ANTENNA
Uplink satellite dishes are large
in size which provides accurate
aiming and increase signal
strength
The y are pointed toward
specific satellite and the
frequency used is specific so that
satellite transponder can receive the
signal.

The EIRP (Effective isotropically

radiated power) for the uplink
antenna
EIRP = Pt Lc + Ga
Where
Pt = Power of transmitter (dbm)
Lc = Line loss(db)
Ga = Gain of antenna(dbi)

SATELLITE
A typical satellite can have 32
transponder for Ku band (10 Ghz
to 18 Ghz) and 24 transponder for
C band( 4 Ghz to 8 Ghz).
A typical transponder can
have bandwidth between 27
Mhz to 50 Mhz.
The satellite retransmits the
signal back to earth in Ku band
and C band frequency.

MINIDISH ANTENNA
It is parabolic
reflector it receives the
signal and fed to the
LNBF(low noise band
down converter) ,which
works as a receiver for
signal transmitted by
LNBF
satellite.
Parabolic
reflector
( 60 to 120 cm )

SIGNAL RECEIVED BY MINIDISH

LOW NOISE BLOCK DOWN

CONVERTER(LNBF)
It collect the signal from minidish.
It receive the signal from Ku band
and down convert to radio frequency
signal.
It amplify and remove the distortion
from the received signal.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DTH SYSTEM

Low noise
block down
converter
Low noise
amplifier

Amplifier
Down
Converter

Channel selector

Down
Converter

Filter

Video
baseband
Demod
Tunable
ulator
Local
Oscillator

TV SET

COAXIAL CABLE
The coaxial cable
connect LNBF to
set top box.
A transmission
cable consist of
outer metal
condutor
enclosing and
insulated from a
central conduting
core.

Impedance provided by the

coaxial cable
can be calculated by the formula
Z0 =( 1/2)/ ln(D/d)
Where
= relative permeability of
inisulator
= dielectric constant
D =outer diameter of the coaxial
cable
d = inner diameter of coaxial
cable.

SETTOP BOX
A settop box
can demodulate
the received
signal and can
convert these
signal into
audio and
video signal.

SET TOP BOX

GENERAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
SETTOP BOX
DISH
ANTENNA
A
TUNER

DEMODULATOR

DECODE
R

MICROCONTROLLER

CAS SYSTEM

AMPLIFIER
V

TUNNER
It select particular channel range
from 48 Mhz to 840 Mhz
DEMODULATOR
Selected channel demodulated and
fed to decoder
DECODER
It is a D to A converter which
provide audio and video signal as
output.
MICROCONTROLLER
It control all the process performed
by each block.

 HOW DOES DTH DIFFER FROM

CABLE TV

In DTH , TV channel are directly

transmitted from satellite to a
small dish antenna at the
subscriber home.
The broadcaster directly
connect to the subscriber ,the
middlemen like local cable
operator are not there in the
picture , hence provide better

The cable TV was limited to the

urban area ,but the DTH followed
cable TV in urban as well as in
rural area.
DTH technology is more resistive
to the weather condition ,it can work
in any type of environment.
Since coaxial cable connection are
used in DTH technology less
distortion of the signal take place ,
which ultimately provides better

FUTUTRE PROSPECT OF
DTH
The DTH market in
INDIA is relatively
incresing day by day
and in next 5 years (by
2014 ) we will be able
to add another 30
million subscriber.
In the next 5
years ..,we have manage
to overtake JAPAN as
the largest DTH market

DTH SERVICE PROVIDER

CONCLUSION
DTH has made the hopes for
people of the rural area to come
true.
It help to develop the economy
condition of our country
It provide the wide thinking of
rural people which helps to
develop the culture of society.