Seven Basic

Tools of
Q uality
Adriana Mendez
Sonia Lavat

The seven Basic tools

Is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical
techniques.
The seven tools are:
Causeand-effect
diagram
(fishbone
or
ishikawa
diagram)

Check
sheet

Histogram

Control
chart

Pareto
chart

Flow chart
or run
chart

Scatter
diagram

CHECKSHEET

CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM

PARETO CHART
FLOW CHART
SCATTER DIAGRAM

HISTOGRAM
CONTROL CHART

CH ECKSH EET
Is a document used to collect data in real
time at the location where the data is
generated.
FORMAT
Who
filled out the check
sheet
What was collected
Where the collection took
place
When the collection took
place
Why the data were
collected

U SES O F Q U ALITY CO N TRO L

Kaoru Ishikawa identified five uses for check
sheets in quality control:
To check the shape of the probability
To keep track of steps in a multistep procedure
And:
type
To quantify defects by

location
cause

CH ECK SH EET FO R D EFECT

TYPE
Indicate what types of defects occur in its outputs
Consist :
A signal column listing each defect category.
One or more columns for different machines,
materials, methods, operations.

CH ECK SH EET FO R D EFECT

LO CATIO N
Consist :
*A to-scale diagram of the objetc from each
of its sides, optionality partitioned into
equally sized sections.

C H EC K SH EET TO ASSESS TH E SH APE O F A

PRO C ESSS PRO BABILITY D ISTRIBU TIO N
Frequency distribution constructed from a check sheet
Consist :
*The histogram bins in
one dimensin.
*The count or frequency
of process.

CH ECK SH EET FO R D EFECT CAU SE

Consist :
*One or more columns of cause.
* One or more columns of period.
* One or more symbols of the differents
defects.

 CHECKLIST
Consist :
*An outline of the subtasks to be performed.
*Boxes to indicate when the subtask has
been completed.