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UG SCHOLARS
R.Monica Immaculate
E.Priyanka
M.Ramya
OVERVIEW
Abstract
Objective
Introduction
Literature review
Proposed method
Results
Conclusion
Future work
References
ABSTRACT
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the recording of the electrical
activity of the heart. Received ECG signal can be analysed
and results are used to diagnose the cardiac risk factors.
Hence the ECG is the basic element to diagnose the cardiac
abnormality.
When there is any abnormality in the heart, there will be a
variation in the normal ECG waveform depending on the
variation in the PQRST wave of the ECG the cardiac risk
can
be detected.
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OBJECTIVE
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE
REVIEW
Sl. Author
N Name
o.
year
Methods
Sensitivity and
Disadvantages
P.D.Kha
ndait
4
N.G.
Bawane
S.S.Lim
aye
2011
Features Extraction
of ECG signal for
Detection of
Cardiac
Arrhythmias
Detection of
cardiac
arrhythmias
using wavelet
transform
technique
Shahana 2012
z Ayub,
J.P.
Saini
ECG classification
and abnormality
detection using
cascade forward
neural network
This paper
The accuracy is 92%
describes the use
of MATLAB
based artificial
neural network
tools for ECG
analysis for
finding out
whether the
ECG is normal
or abnormal and
if it is abnormal.
7/31/16
Sl. Author
N Name
o.
year
Methods
2012
Detection of QRS
complex in ECG
signal based on
classification
approach
Development and
Evaluation of One
Arm Electrode
Based ECG
Measurement
System
ECG by
placing two
electrodes
and it is
attached to
the left arm
of the
patients
hands
sJalil
Bushr
a,
4
Lalign
ant
Olivier
,
Fauvet
Eric,
Beya
Ouadi
Manne 2013
Hannu
la,
H.Hink
ula,
J.Jauhi
ainen
demon
7/31/16
strate
More artifacts.
PROPOSED METHOD
ECG is detected using ring electrodes.
The abnormalities are detected.
GSM is used transmit the message.
The obtained wave is displayed on the PC.
CRACTERISTICS OF
NORMAL ECG SIGNAL
Amplitude
P wave: 0.25mV
R wave: 1.60 mV
Q wave: 25% of R wave
T wave: 0.1 to .5mV
Duration
P-R interval: 0.12 to 0.20 sec
Q- T interval: 0.35 to 0.44 sec
S- T segment: 0.05 to 0.15 sec
P wave interval: 0.11 sec
QRS interval: 0.09 sec
CARDIAC DISEASES
Ventricular Tachycardia
Ventricular Bradycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation
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12
VENTRICULAR
TACHYCARDIA
Ventricular tachycardia is a type of
tachycardia, or a rapid heart beat that
arises
from
improper
electrical
13
VENTRICULAR
BRADYCARDIA
Ventricular bradycardia, is known as
ventricular escape rhythm.
Heart rate is less than 50 bpm. This is a
safety mechanism when there is lack of
electrical impulse or stimuli from the
atrium.
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14
VENTRICULAR
FIBRILLATION
Ventricular fibrillation is the
uncoordinated contraction of the heart
muscle
The contraction of the ventricular
muscle is also irregular and is
ineffective at pumping blood. The lack
of blood circulation leads to loss of
consciousness and death within minutes
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15
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Atrial fibrillation is the common
abnormal
hear
rhythm
leads
to
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16
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DESCRIPTION OF THE
BLOCKS
Ring Electrodes
In this project a ring electrode is used to pick up the
ECG signal from the fingers.
Designed for ECG recording and made of durable
cable and stainless steel spring.
The adjustable rubber ring provides a snug fit and the
incorporated
strain
relief
prevents
excessive
18
Instrumentation
amplifier
An instrumentation amplifier has
two input terminals and produces a
single ended output with respect to
the reference terminal.
The amplifier is designed for the
gain of 1200
Notch filter
A notch filter is actually a bad
filter.
to
pass
above
and
the
stops
cut-off
frequency.
It is used to remove the noise.
The cut off frequency is 120Hz.
Peak Detector
The peak detector is a circuit
that
"remembers"
the
peak
value of a signal.
The peak values are obtained so
that different amplitudes of the
ECG wave can be analyzed.
Microcontroller
The microcontroller used
in
our
project
is
PIC16F877.
The microcontroller is used
for programming.
GSM
GSM is global system for mobile communication.
GSM is used for sending the message in emergency
cases.
PC
The PC is used to display the obtained ECG wave.
Visual basic is the software which is used to display
the wave.
CONCLUSION
Thus the ECG wave is obtained using ring electrodes.
A message is sent to the doctor in case of any
emergency.
The obtained ECG wave is displayed on the PC.
FUTURE WORK
In future this kit can be done in smaller size so that
it can fit near the wrist and can be worn with the
gloves.
In the current project GSM is used to send the
message to the doctor. GPS can also be included to
track the location of the patient.
REFERENCES
Measurements
Using
Conductive
Textile
demonstrated an idea