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UNIX COMMANDS

File Management
ls

List of all files and folders present in the current directory

ls l

More information, like permissions, date, size, owner name

ls ch*.doc

Displays all the files whose name start with ch and ends
with .doc

ls a

Displays hidden files and folders

vim filename

Creates a new file named filename to be edited in Vim

editor

cat filename

Displays the content of a file filename

cat b filename

Displays the content of the file filename along with line

numbers

cp source_file
destination_file

Makes a copy of source_file and names it as

destination_file

mv old_file new_file

Renames the old_file to the given new_file name

rm filename

Deletes the file filename

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Directory Management
ls dirname

Lists the files in the directory dirname

mkdir dirname

Creates a directory named dirname

rmdir dirname

Removes a directory named dirname

cd dirname

Change the current working directory to dirname

mv olddir
newdir
. (dot)

Renames olddir directory to newdir

.. (dot dot)

Represents the directory one level above the current working

directory

/ (slash)

Represents root directory

~ (tilde)

Represents home directory

pwd

Shows current working directory

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Represents current working directory

grep command
Used to search a file or files for lines that have a certain pattern
grep pattern file/files
Some options are listed below

-v Print all lines that do not match pattern.

-n Print the matched line and its line number.
-l Print only the names of files with matching lines.
-c Print only the count of matching lines.
-i Match either upper or lowercase.
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Some more Commands

scp : Allows files to be copied to, from, or between different hosts.
Remote to Local
scp your_username@remotehost.edu:foobar.txt
/some/local/directory
Local to Remote
scp foobar.txt
your_username@remotehost.edu:/some/remote/directory
scp -r foo
your_username@remotehost.edu:/some/remote/directory/bar

chmod : Used to change permissions (read, write, execute) for files

and directories
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Example of pipes
ls -l | grep "Aug" | sort +4n
-rw-rw-r--rw-rw-r--rw-rw-rw-rw-rw-rw-

1
1
1
1

carol
john
john
john

doc
doc
doc
doc

1605
2488
8515
11008

Aug 23 07:35 macros

Aug 15 10:51 intro
Aug 6 15:30 ch07
Aug 6 14:10 ch02

Series of commands can be piped, output of one becomes the

input to next command
sort +4n sorts the results numerically after skipping first 4
fields (size field)
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VIM editor
Two modes Command and Edit
Command Mode Used to perform tasks like saving, copy-paste, findreplace, etc.
Edit Mode Used to edit the file by writing into it
Some commands:-

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:q
Quit vi, raises warning if file is changed
:q!
Quit without saving any changes
:w
Save all changes in the file
:wq
Save and quit
ZZ
Save and quit
:w nfile
Saves the current file with a different filename nfile

VIM editor - Some Commands

h, j, k, l : Used to navigate through the text
w moves to start of next word, e moves to end of word, b moves to
beginning of word

% finds matching parenthesis

0 moves to beginning of the line, $ moves to end of the line
* finds next occurrence of the word under cursor, # finds previous
gg

takes us to the beginning of the file,

to the end of the file

5G takes us to 5th line

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VIM editor Edit commands

Some commands:i Inserts text before current cursor location.
a Inserts text after current cursor location.
I Inserts text at beginning of current line.
A Inserts text at end of current line.
o Creates a new line for text entry below cursor
location.

O Creates a new line for text entry above cursor

location.

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VIM editor Delete commands

Some commands:x

Delete current character

dw Delete current word

dd Delete current line
5d Delete five lines
d
d$ Delete till end of the line
d0 Delete from beginning of the
line

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VIM editor Copy/paste & Undo/Redo commands

Copy paste is done in following order
Position cursor at beginning of the text to be copied
Press

v to enter character based visual selection mode

Move the cursor to select the desired portion of text to be copied

Press

y to copy

Move the cursor to the location where the text has to be pasted
Press

p to paste

Press u for UNDO

Press Ctrl+R for REDO

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THANK YOU
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