History of

Indonesias
Education
M. Baiqun Isbahi

0203515061

Hindu Budhas Era

The 14th century also witnessed the rise of a Hindu kingdom in
East Java , Majapahit. Patih Majapahit between the years 1331
to 1364 , GajahMada succeeded in gaining power over the area
which is now mostly Indonesia and almost the entire peninsula
Malay. The legacy of the GajahMada including the codification
of the laws and culture Java , as seen in the epic Ramayana .

Islams Era
Islam as a government presence in Indonesia
around the 12th century , but actually Islam has
already arrived in Indonesia in the 7th century. At
that time, the existing shipping lanes lively and
international

character

through

the

Strait

of

Malacca linking the Tang Dynasty in China , the

Srivijaya in Southeast Asia and the Umayyads in
West Asia since the 7th century .

Islams Era
Islamic sultanate then progressively spread his
teachings

to

the

population

and

through

assimilation, replacing Hinduism as the main thrust

in the late 16th century in Java and Sumatra. Only
Bali retained a Hindu majority. On the islands in
eastern, religion-Christian and Islamic clergy known
to have been active in the 16th century and 17, and
there are currently a large majority of both religions
on these islands.

Islams Era
The Important Islamic empire including : the
kingdom of Pasai Ocean, Sultanate Banten, which
established

diplomatic

relations

with

European

countries , the Kingdom of Mataram , Sultanate and

the Sultanate of Ternate and Tidore in the Maluku.

Hollands
Occupy/Colonialism
In education policy, the Netherlands did not show
democratization
everyone

is

in
given

education,
the

same

because

not

educational

opportunities.
The system is called:
Three tract system, namely:
a. Education for menial or rabble
b. Education for the upper class who equated with
Netherlands
c. Class education for the Dutch, European and

Hollands
Occupy/Colonialism
System "Oyster Lager Onderwijs" (OLO), the types of
schools in a row as following:
1. At the beginning of 1850 established school class I
ever 5 years and intended for children of civil pradja
environment and placed in the cities residency. The
Lesson; reading, writing, counting, etc.
2. At the end of the XIX century grade II school
founded 4 years old and placed in district towns. The
lesson revolves around reading, writing, language and
introductory language is the local language.

Hollands
Occupy/Colonialism

3. In 1875 the Dutch government set up schools and the civil service
students accepted into graduate school is class I.
4. In the beginning of the XX century (1900), the Dutch government
started to pay attention to the wider education and teaching for the people
of Indonesia.
5. Then in 1903, the education and teaching of the common people or the
masses expanded, with emphasis on the school grade II slowly. Then held
the regulation establishing the duration of primary school 3 years (classes
I, II, III).
6. Teachers to get educated on the Cursus Volkschool voor volksondrwijs
(CVO) the duration of 2 years.
7. In 1907, grade school I used 6 years and given the Dutch language
lessons in class III s / d VI
8. School class II that were once only 4 years, made five years with
enhanced lesson plans.
9. In 1914 also established school MULO (Meer Uitgebreid Lager

Japans Occupy /
Colonialism
In the reign of the Japanese occupation of Indonesia, Japan held

major changes by removing various types of low education based

factions that population, there is only one kind of low to school. It
called

"Syoo-gekkoo"

(lower

school)

long

learning

year.

Furthermore, there is a "TYUU Gakkoo" (junior high school) 3 years

"Kootoo gakkoo ". Teacher education schools are being Kyoin Yoogoi
sho (school teacher B) length 4 years and the han Gakkoo (school
teachers above).
Japanese-style education has progressivity

and more dynamic, but

the dynamics and progression was more emphasis on physical

training, not mental discipline.
Democratization of education in the Japanese colonial period also has

political purposes, and not dynamic.

After Independency
On August 17, 1945 proclaimed the independence
of Indonesia. This proclamation day is the day of
the actual birth of the Indonesian nation essentially:
Constitution used is 1945 consisting of 37 articles.
Article related
education is Article 31, which consists of two
paragraphs:
a) Paragraph 1: Every citizen is entitled to receive
education and instruction
b) Paragraph 2: The government tried to organize a
set of national education by statute.

1945-1950 Period
1945-1950 Period
Pendidikan Sekolah Rakyat (SR) six years.
Pendidikan menengah umum terdiri atas junior
High School (SMP), Senior High Scool (SMA)
Sekolah Teknik (ST), Sekolah Teknik Pertama (STP),
First Cleverness School (SKP),
Higher Education include such as : University
,conservatory /Karawitan, B-1 Course.

Periode 1950-1975
Pendidikan pra sekolah dan pendidikan dasar.
Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) dan Sekolah Dasar (SD)
Pendidikan Menengah Umum. Sekolah Menengah
Pertama (SMP) dan Sekolah
Menengah Atas (SMA)
Pendidikan Kejuruan. Tingkat pertama; SMEP, SKP,
ST, SGB, KPKPKB, dan tingkat Menengah, SMEA,
SGA, SKMA, SGKP, SPMA, SPM, STM, dan SPIK
Pendidikan Tinggi. Universitas, Institut
Teknologi, Institut Pertanian, Institut Keguruan,
Sekolah Tinggi dan Akademi.

Periode 1978-Till Now

Pendidikan pra sekolah (TK) dan Pendidikan Anak
Usia Dini (PAUD)
Pendidikan dasar
Sekolah Menengah Umum, SMP (SLTP), dan SMA
(SLTA/SMU)
Pendidikan Menengah Kejuruan, Tingkat Pertama;
ST.SKKP. Tingkat Atas terdiri atas; Sekolah
Menengah Kejuruan (SMK)
Pendidikan Tinggi. Universitas, Institut, Sekolah
Tinggi, Akademi, Diploma, dan Politeknik.