Ergonomics

Whats new in Orthopaedics ?

Dr. Sunil Dachepalli

MS (Ortho) MRCS (Edin) MSc (Tr & Orth,UK) MCh (Ortho) FRCS (Tr & Orth)

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Specialist in Shoulder, Hip & Knee Arthroscopies, Replacements and

Sports Medicine
Yashoda Hospital, Somajiguda, Hyderabad

Ergonomics

What are the benefits of ergonomics?

Reduction of work-related injuries

Increased worker productivity
Increased work quality
Reduced absenteeism

YOU
JUST
FEEL
BETTER!

Increased morale
Ergonomics provides a win-win

FACTS
The average person working at a keyboard
can perform 50,000 to 200,000 keystrokes
a day

Overexertion, falls & RMI are the most

common cause of workplace injury

An average of 125,000 back injuries due to

improper lifting each year.

Muscles overuse results in tiny tears in the

muscles and scarring; these contribute to
inflammation and muscle stiffness

What are the risks

of ignoring ergonomic principles?
An MSD is an illness or injury that affects one or

MSD

more parts of the musculoskeletal system

Bones
Muscles
Tendons
Ligaments
Cartilage
Nerves
Blood vessels

MusculoSkeletal Disorders

Other common terms for MSDsare:

Cumulative trauma disorder (CTDs)

Repetitive strain injures (RSIs)
Repetitive motion injuries (RMIs)

When not diagnosed and treated these can cause

inconvenience permanent pain and disability .

SYMPTOMS of MSDs
Discomfort
Numbness

Loss of
Fatigue
strength
Reduced range of motion

Pain

Stiffness

Swelling

Aching

Workplace Ergonomics

Environmental conditions
Environmental conditions can
influence ergonomic stress.

Lighting
Noise
Temperature

.even at a computer station!

LIGHTING & MONITOR

GLARE

Lighting should be
indirect and adequate

Not too much light,

or it may cause a glare,
headaches and eye
fatigue

If there is a glare on
your eyes as you work,
use glare screens on
computers, or
adjustable blinds at
windows

Ideal is 35-50 foot candles

GLARE SCREENS

FACILITIES
Temperature

 Noise

Psycosocial Stress
Any interactions, job tasks or personal
problems which cause psychological or
social stress cause increased muscle
tension, which can make injury more
likely. Be aware of these additional
stresses and compensate for them by
taking extra breaks and being especially
careful when under extra pressure.

SITTING POSTURES

Everyone needs a relaxed, neutral position

DO WHATS COMFORTABLE FOR YOUR BODY!

Monitor at or below eye

level
Wrists straight
Back supported
Forearms and thighs parallel to the
floor

Forearms supported

Feet flat on the floor

MORE ANGLES

MORE ANGLES

EYE
Eye comfort exercises
Blinking
Yawning
Focus change

EYE
Movements
Close eyes and slowly & gently move
eyes up to the ceiling, then slowly down
to the floor

Repeat 3 times
Close eyes and slowly & gently move
eyes to the left, then slowly to the right

Repeat 3 times

NECK STRETCH
Tilt ear towards shoulder
Reach up and touch top of head with
palm to hold in tilted position

Hold 5-10 seconds. Repeat 2-3 times

(come out of stretch slowly)

Reverse side and repeat

Shoulder Shrug

Chair Rotation Stretch

Arms Behind Back Stretch

Wrist Flexed

Wrist Extended

We have come a long way

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HIP REPLACEMENT

CURRENT HIP REPLACEMENT

SHOULDER

SHOULDER ARTHROSCOPY

SHOULDER ARTHROSCOPY

FROZEN SHOULDER
ROTATOR INTERVAL RELEASE

Arthroscopic rotator
interval release

Arthroscopic rotator interval

release

LABRAL TEARS ( Bankarts)

SLAP TEAR

SLAP TEAR

CUFF TEAR

SHOULDER OA
GHJ OA
arthropathy

Cuff tear

GHJ OA MANAGEMENT

GHJ OA MANAGEMENT

CUFF TEAR ARTHROPATHY

MANAGEMENT

ELBOW

ELBOW ARTHROSCOPY

ELBOW OA

70 yr old Kenyan lady

Post op

Function

WRIST

WRIST ARTHROSCOPY

HIP

HIP ARTHROSCOPY

FAI

FAI

FAI MANAGEMENT

HIP OA

HIP REPLACEMENT

CURRENT HIP REPLACEMENT

HIP RESURFACING

TYPES OF THR

THR ADVANCES

WHY THINK ABOUT THE

BEARINGS??

KNEE

MEDIAL PATELLO FEMORAL LIGAMENT

(MPFL)INJURY

MPFL reconstruction

KNEE ARTHROSCOPY

MENISCAL INJURIES

Meniscal repair

ACL RECONSTRUCTION
Whats new in ACL reconstructionArthroscopy assisted
anatomical reconstruction

GRAFT POSITION

TYPE OF GRAFT

KNEE ARTHRITIS
3 PARTS IN KNEE JOINTPFJ, MEDIAL & LATERAL
X-rays of knee joint

OPTIONS FOR KNEE OA

PFJ REPLACEMENT

UNI COMPARTMENTAL REPLACEMENT

UNI Vs TKR

TKR

KNEE RESURFACING

ANKLE

ANKLE ARTHROSCOPY

ANKLE OSTEO ARTHRITIS