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Non-Nutritive Sucking Habits: Project Overview
Non-Nutritive Sucking Habits: Project Overview
Non-Nutritive Sucking
Habits
Definition of habit
Phases of thumb
Classification of habitssucking
NNS & NS habits
Types of thumb
sucking
Effects of thumb
sucking
Diagnosis
Causative factors
Control
Theories of aetiology
Treatment
Habit..
It is the tendency towards an act
that
has
become
repeated
performance,
relatively
fixed,
consistent & easy to perform by an
individual.
Classification Of Oral
Habits.
Oral habits
Obsessive Non-obsessive
Obsessive
(deep rooted)
Intentional or
Masochistic or SelfMeaningful
e.g.:
nail biting
digit sucking
lip biting
Non-obsessive
(easily learned and drooped)
Unintentional or
Empty
e.g.:
abnormal
pillowing
chin
propping
Functional habits
e.g. :
Mouth Breathing
Tongue Thrusting
Bruxism
Thumb Sucking
It can be defined as the placement of the
thumb into the various depth into the mouth.
Classification of thumb
sucking
(A) Clinical classification
Normal Thumb Sucking
Abnormal Thumb
Sucking
psychological habitua
l
Nutritive
Sucking Habits
Non-Nutritive
Sucking Habits
e.g.:
e.g.:
Breast
Feeding
Thumb or
Finger
Sucking
Bottle
Feeding
Pacifier
Sucking
Thumb Sucking
Pacifier Sucking
Level
Description
Level I
(+/-)
Level II
(+/-)
Level III
(+/-)
Level IV
(+/-)
Causative Factors
Parents Occupation
Working Mother
Number of Siblings
Order of birth of the child
Social adjustment &
Stress
Feeding Practices
Age of the Child
1. Parents Occupation : It related to the socioeconomic status of the family. Families living
in a high socio-economic status are blessed
with ample sources of nourishment. Mothers
belonging to low socio-economic group is
unable to provide the infant with sufficient
breast milk.
2. Working Mother : Sucking habits is commonly
observes to be present in a children with
working parents. Such children brought up in
the hands of Care taker may have feelings of
insecurity.
3. Number of Siblings : The development of the
habit can be indirectly related to the number
of siblings.
4. Order of the Birth of Child : It has been
Theories of NNS
Classical Freudian
Theory
(1905) Psychoanalytical theory holds that this
original response arises from an inherent
Psychosexual drive suggesting hat digit sucking
is Pleasurable erotic stimulation of the Lips and
mouth. One of the concepts of thumb sucking
brought about by this theory is that human
posses a biological sucking drive.
An infant associates sucking with pleasurable
feeling such as hunger, satiety and being held.
These events will be replaced in later life by
Theories of NNS
Theories of NNS
and not frustration of weaning. This theory
agree with Freuds that sucking increases the
erotogenesis of the mouth.
Sucking reflex
The process of sucking is a reflex occurring in
the oral stage of development and is seen even
at 29 weeks of i.u.,and may disappear during
normal growth between the ages one and three
and half.It is the first co-ordinated muscular
activity of the infant .
Finger & tongue thrusting habits
are normal for the first year and half of life and
will disappear spontaneously by the second year
with proper attention to nursing.If it continues
beyond three years,malocclusion will result.
B. Phase II : Clinically
significant sucking
seen during three to six and half year of age
to
proclined
Anterior openbite in
the primary dentition
caused by dummy
sucking habit.
Treatment Consideration
I.
Treatment Consideration
III . Motivation of the child to stop the habit : It
is also important to assess the maturity of child
in response to new situation and to observe the
childs reaction to any suggestion.
IV. Parental concern regarding the habit :
Negative reinforcements in the form of threats,
nagging and ridicule would only entrench the
habit.
V. Other factors : Self correction again depends
on severity of malocclusion, anatomic variation
in the perioral soft tissue, and presence of other
oral habits such as tongue thrusting, mouth
Management
I.
Management
applied to thumb example cayenne, pepper,
quinine, as afoetida. This is the effective only
when the habit is not formally entrenched.
b. Intra oral approaches : Removable
appliances- These are palatal crib, rakes,
palatal arch, lingual spurs. Hawleys retainer
with or without spur.
Fixed appliances Upper lingual tongue screens
appear to be more effective in breaking these
habits.
Management
Management
Hawleys
Retainer
Management
Mechanotherapy
First fixed intra-oral anti-thumb sucking
appliances
-Bands fitted to the primary second molar
or first permanent molar. A lingual arch forms
the base of the appliances to which are added
interlacing wires in the anterior portion in the
area of the anterior part of hard palate.
-This preventing the patient from putting
the palmer surface of the thumb in contact with
palatal gingiva.
Management
Blue Grass Appliances :
Haskell introduce this appliance. It consist
of a modify six sided roller machined from teflon
to permit purchase of tongue. This is slipped
over .045 stainless steel wire soldered to a
molar orthodontic bands. This appliance is
placed for three to six months. Instructions are
given to turn instead of sucking.
Quad helix :
It prevent the thumb from being inserted
and also corrects malocclusion by expanding the
arch.
Management
Quad Helix to correct
posterior cross bite in
mixed dentition. These
appliances are simple to
construct, are well
tolerated by patient and
are efficient. They have
advantage that they
have fixed an will also
act as retainer once the
malocclusion is
corrected
Quad Helix