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First Aid For Common Ailments For 1st Year
First Aid For Common Ailments For 1st Year
FO R C O M M O N
A ILM EN TS
3 Main Aims
3P's
P-revent further injury
P-romote recovery
P-reserve life
First A id P rovider
FU N C TIO N S O F A FIR ST
A ID ER -:Check for dangers.
Assess
Planning of action
I - Intervene
D - Do no further HARM
Instruct Helpers
FEV ER
A fever is any body temperature
SIG N S A N D SYM P TO M S O F
FEV ER
Raised temperature
Pale skin (becoming red
thermometer
Remove excess clothing
Keep the person in a cool place
Give a sponge bath in luke warm
water
Give plenty of fluids
Give prescribed doses of
paracetamol
Do not give aspirin to a person
MUSCLE
INJURIES
M U SC LE STR A IN
M U SC LE STR A IN
M U SC LE STR A IN
First Aid
Apply cold compress at
once.
Elevate the limb to reduce
swelling and bleeding
within the muscle. Rest the
pulled muscle for 24 hours.
Get medical help.
M U SC LE
CR A M PS
Description:
Sudden,
violent, and
painful but
short-lived
involuntary
muscle
contraction.
M U SC LE C R A M P S
Our muscles are triggered to
M U SC LE C R A M P S
Symptoms:
Sudden, involuntary
muscle contractions or
spasms
A hard knot of muscle
tissue that may be
visible beneath the
skin
M U SC LE C R A M P S
First Aid:
Have the victim stretch out
the affected muscle to
counteract the cramp.
Massage the cramped muscle
firmly but gently.
Apply heat. Moist heat is more
effective than dry heat.
Get medical help if cramps
RICE
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
BU RN S
Is an injury caused by
First-degree burns
(Superficial)
Symptoms include
redness, mild
swelling,
tenderness, and
pain.
Usually heals
First-degree burns
(Superf c
iial)
No blisters seen
Burned area
becomes white on
touch
Takes 3-6 days to
heal
Epidermis and
upper regions of
dermis are
damaged.
Symptoms
include
blisters,
care
Dehydration treated through
intravenous fluid supply
Oxygen is administered
Eschars are surgically opened
Periodically run clean cool water
over burns
Nutritious diet helps to heal
quickly
Regular monitoring essential
Chemical burns
The result of a caustic or
What to Do:
Remove the chemical by flushing the
Electrical Burns
N O SE B LEED IN G
Have child pinch the nostrils together
A N IM A L B ITES
Animal bites are injuries that result
A N IM A L B ITES
M A N A G EM EN T
A N IM A L B ITES
M A N A G EM EN T
A N IM A L B ITES
M A N A G EM EN T
W OUNDS
Is either an internal or external
break in the skin or tissue of
the body.
C.L.I.P.S.
M anagem ent
Apply direct pressure,
C losed W ounds
D R ESSIN G A N D
B A N D A G IN G
What to Do:
Always wear gloves (if possible)
Use a dressing large enough to extend
wound
Apply direct pressure over a dressing to
control bleeding
Prevent or reduce swelling
Provide support and stability for an
extremity or joint
Bandage should be clean but need not
be sterile.
burn."
"If you cant move a limb, it must be
broken."
"The best way to treat bleeding is to
put the wound under a tap."
"Nose bleeds are best treated by
putting the head back."
"A tourniquet is the best way to treat
serious bleeding."
To GOD
be the
Glory!!!