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Understanding Organizational Style and Its Impact On Information Systems
Understanding Organizational Style and Its Impact On Information Systems
Learning Objectives
Understand that organizations and their
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Operations
Middle management
Strategic management
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Major Topics
Organizations as systems
Depicting systems graphically
Data flow diagram
Entity-relationship model
Use case modeling
Levels of management
Organizational culture
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Organizations As Systems
Conceptualized as systems designed
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Interrelatedness and
Independence of Systems
All systems and subsystems are
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Organizational
Environments
Community
Physical location
Demographic profile (education, income)
Economic
Market factors
Competition
Political
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Closed
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Benefits of Virtual
Organizations and Teams
Possibility of reducing costs of
physical facilities
More rapid response to customer
needs
Helping virtual employees to fulfill
their familial obligations to children
or aging parents
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Taking a Systems
Perspective
Allows system analyst to understand
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Taking a Systems
Perspective
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Taking a Systems
Perspective
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Enterprise Resource
Planning
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
describes an integrated
organizational information system
Software that helps the flow of
information between the functional
areas within the organization
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Depicting Systems
Graphically
Context-level data flow diagrams
Entity-relationship model
Use Case Modeling
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Entity-Relationship Model
Focus is on the entities and their
relationships within the
organizational system
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Relationships
Relationships show how the
One-to-one
One-to-many
Many-to-many
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Entity-Relationship
Example
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Entities
Fundamental entity
Associative entity
Attributive entity
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Attributes
Data attributes may be added to
the diagram
Patron
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Patron Name
Patron address
Patron phone
Patron credit card
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system
Similar to external entities; they exist outside of
the system
Connecting lines
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Actor
Divided into two groups
Primary actors
system
Provide details on what the use case should
do
Supporting actors
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Communicates
Used to connect an actor to a use
case
Includes
Describes the situation in which a
use case contains behavior that is
common to more than one use case
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domain
Actions that need to be completed
are also clearly shown on the use
case diagram
The use case scenario is also
worthwhile
Simplicity and lack of technical detail
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Operations Control
Make decisions using
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Strategic Management
Look outward from the
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Managerial Levels
Different organization structure
Leadership style
Technological considerations
Organization culture
Human interaction
All carry implications for the analysis
and design of information systems
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Organizational Culture
Organizations have cultures and
subcultures
Learn from verbal and nonverbal
symbolism
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Verbal Symbolism
Myths
Metaphors
Visions
Humor
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Nonverbal Symbolism
Shared artifacts
Trophies, etc.
Clothing worn
Office placement and decorations
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Summary
Organizational fundamentals
Organizations as systems
Levels of management
Organizational culture
Graphical representation of systems
DFD
ERD
Use case diagrams and scenarios
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Summary (Continued)
Levels of managerial control
Operational
Middle management
Strategic
Organizational culture
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