Mandel-Cryer Effects and Stress

Response in a Porous Media

Ayodeji O.
Dalhousie
University

Outline

Basic concepts in Poroelasticity

Problem Description
Problem Formulation
Solution & Plots
Conclusion

Basic Concepts in Poroelasticity

Poroelasticity: addresses the time-dependent coupling between rock
deformation and fluid flow. It simply describes mechanical behavior of
a porous medium when subjected to some loading.
The presence of a fluid within the pore spaces of porous medium
influences the mechanical response of such medium
(i) A change in fluid pressure or fluid mass causes a change in the
volume of the porous medium (fluid-to solid coupling)
(ii) a change in the applied stress causes a change in the fluid
pressure or fluid mass (solid-fluid coupling)
Undrained Loading: Rate of pressure diffusion < rate of pressure build
up
Drained loading: induced pressure had sufficient time to diffuse such
that the medium regains its state of equilibrium
(e.g. p = p = pcurrent pinitial = 0)

Basic Concepts Contd.

Fundamental variables of poroelasticity :
i) stress(ij)& strain (ij) mechanical quantities and
ii) pore pressure, p and increment in fluid content, fluid quantities.
There are various parameters that describe the interaction between
these variables:
i) Drained and undrained parameters: K, Ku, , u
ii)Biots and Skemptons Coefficients, and B respectively
iii) Biots modulus, M , shear modulus, G and poroelastic stress
coefficient,
iv) Specific storage, S
Parameters can be obtained in the laboratory for a given rock sample.

Problem Description (1): Axial Loading of a

rectangular plate

F = -2poa

y
P(x,t) =
0

2b
2a

gure 1: A rectangular plate subjected to a uniform axial loading (Mandels proble

Problem Formulation and Solution

B = Skemptons Coefficient
c = hydraulic diffusivity
p = pore pressure
Po = applied axial stress
s = Laplace transform variable
P(x,s)=Pore pressure in Laplace space
xx = horizontal stress
yy = axial stress
= increment in fluid content
vu = undrained Poisson ratio
v = drained Poisson ratio

Parameters for Solution Validation

Table 1: Data used for Validating Mandels Effect

Parameters

Values

Biots coefficient,

Hydraulic diffusivity, c

0.75m2/s

Drained Poisson ratio, v

0.2

Undrained Poisson ratio, vu

0.5

Plate half-width, a

1m

Applied axial stress, Po

1MPa

Skemptons Coefficient, B

0.95

Pore Pressure Response in Mandels

Problem

Figure 2: Pore pressure profiles across a plate in Mandels problem

Problem Description(2): Internal Pressurization of

a Borehole
y

r
Po

rr = 0
p=0

Figure 3: Fluid loading of a borehole in an infinite porous medium

Problem Formulation and Solution

c = hydraulic diffusivity
p = pore pressure
Po = Fluid pressure in the wellbore
r = radial distance
s = Laplace transform variable
G = Shear modulus
Ko, K1
= modified Bessel Functions of zero
and first order of the third kind
respectively
P(x,s)=Pore pressure in Laplace
space
q= (s/c)
=Biots Coefficient
rr (r,s)= radial stress in Laplace
space
(r,s)= hoop stress in Laplace
space
= increment in fluid content
= poroelastic stress coefficient
vu = undrained Poisson ratio

Parameters for Solution Validation

Table 2: Data from Ohio Sandstone (Wang 2000)

Parameters

Values

Biots coefficient,

0.74

Hydraulic diffusivity, c

0.039m2/s

Drained Poisson ratio, v

0.18

Undrained Poisson ratio, vu

0.28

Borehole radius, a

0.1m

Fluid pressure in borehole, Po

10MPa

Parameters for Solution Validation

Figure 4: Pore pressure response

Figure 5: Elastic solution for normal stress

Figure 6: Poroelastic solution for normal stre

Conclusions
At short times, pore pressure builds up quickly in the vicinity of fluid-filled
porous media subjected to a sudden loading because the the fluid could
not sufficiently diffuse away fast enough.
The hydraulic diffusivity of the rock plays a significant role in its
poroelastic response when subjected to loading.
In a poroelastic medium, the circumferential stress is perturbed around
the wellbore due to the effect of pressure diffusion.
Unlike the elastic solution, radial and circumferential stresses are time
dependent for a poroelastic medium as the pressure diffuses away from
the wellbore.
Borehole breakdown may occur if the poroelastic effects are not taken
into account while modeling the formation strength around the wellbore.

References
Biot, M.A (1941a). General Theory of three dimensional
consolidation, J. Appl. Phys. 12, 155-164
Detournay E and Cheng A. H. D (1993). Fundamentals
of poroelasticity. In Comprehensive Rock Engineering:
Principles, Practice and Projects, Vol. 2,ed. J.A Hudson,
pp. 113 171. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK
Wang F. W (2000). Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with
Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology. Pp
201 -205. Princeton University Press, NJ

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