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Reservoir Properties
Reservoir Properties
Reservoir Properties
- Implies storage
- That rock in which the hydrocarbon can be stored and
from which it can be produced.
-Fluids of the subsurface migrate according to density
-Fluids : hydrocarbon gas, hydrocarbon liquids and salt
water.
- Hydrocarbons tend to migrate upward, displacing the
heavier salt water down elevation.
- Hydrocarbons may be forced from their source rock
during lithification, and migrate into the reservoir rock in
which they are stored.
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
- The key properties for describing a petroleum reservoir
are porosity, pore saturation, and permeability.
Porosity refers to the capacity of the reservoir to hold
fluids.
Basically represents the interstices, or pores, present
within the reservoir rock. Typical porosities of oil
reservoirs are of the order of 20 - 40%.
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
- Is
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
- Is
Rate of burial
Depth of burial
Nature of the connate fluids
Nature of overlying sediments (which may impede
fluid expulsion).
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
Types of porosity
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
Types of porosity
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Porosity
Measuring porosity
- Boyles Law Method
Allow gas to expand into sample chamber, filling the pore
spaces
Apply Boyles law P1V1 = P2V2
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
and
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
is the permeability of a medium
v is the superficial (or bulk) fluid flow rate through the
medium
is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid
P is the applied pressure difference
x is the thickness of the medium
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
Permeability
Darcys Law for linear flow
kA P2 P1
q
L
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability Darcys Equation
kA dP
q
dL
Field units
Q = 1.127
-k A p
L
kA dP
dL
Pe
q dr k
dP
2h r w r Pw
q
k Pe
re
ln r r P P
w
2h
w
q
re k P e Pw
ln
2h rw
2kh Pe Pw
q
ln r e / rw
Field Units
Q = 7.08x10-3 k h p stb/day
oBo ln (re/rw)
Q = Fluid flow, bbls/day
h = thickness, ft
p = pressure differential, psi
= fluid viscosity, cp
re = reservoir boundary radius, ft
rw = wellbore radius
K = permeability, millidarcies
Bo Formation Volume Factor for oil, bbl/stb
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Permeability
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Relative Permeability
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Relative Permeability
Relative Permeability curve
1
Relative permeability %
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Kro
Krw
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Water Saturation %
0.7
0.8
0.9
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Water Saturation
RESERVOIRS
Reservoir Properties
Water Saturation
PHASE DIAGRAM
LIQUID
ONLY
Oil
Vres
Bo
Vsurf
Oil
Gas
Vres
Bg
Vsurf
API Gravity
API gravity is related to specific gravity as follows:
141.5
API
131.5
SG
API Gravity for water = 10