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SC 20 Unit D-Ecology Notes With Trivia
SC 20 Unit D-Ecology Notes With Trivia
SC 20 Unit D-Ecology Notes With Trivia
Ecology
Chapter 1: Biosphere of Life
Chapter 2: Changing Populations
The Biosphere
The biosphere is the area of the earth that
supports life.
It consists of the:
atmosphere or air
hydrosphere or water
lithosphere or land.
Ecology
Ecology is the study of the biosphere.
Study of the interactions of living
organisms with one another and with their
physical environment
Main interactions
in biosphere
The sun is the primary
source of energy
Producers change solar
energy into chemical energy.
Consumers eat producers & other consumers.
Decomposers break down the waste materials into
abiotic chemicals which can be used by plants.
Waste energy is released as heat or thermal energy.
Abiotic factors are non-living structures, while biotic
factors are living structures that interact in the
biosphere. The Habitat is all the biotic and abiotic
factors present in an area that encourage the
reproduction and survival of an organism.
The Organization of
Biosphere
Biosphere: Area that supports life
ie) Earth
Ecosystems: all the organisms &
interacting abiotic factors in an area
ie) Prairie grasslands
Communities: several populations
ie) deer and humans
Populations: Group of individuals
ie) herd of deer
Organisms: a single plant or animal
ie) deer
Trivia
1. Draw and label the three parts of the earth that
make the biosphere. (1 point)
2. Illustrate and label the source of energy for the
biosphere. (1point)
3. Illustrate and label a producer, consumer and
decomposer (1 mark)
4. Illustrate and label the difference between a
biotic and abiotic factor (1 point)
5. Illustrate and label the difference between a
community and a population (1 point)
BONUS: Illustrate the difference between
photosynthesis and cellular respiration (1 point)
Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
BONUS:
Trivia
One
Climatic
Abiotic
Factor
Another
Climatic
Abiotic
Factor
One
Physiographic
abiotic
Factor
One
Edaphic
Abiotic
Factor
Any
other
Abiotic
Factor
Trivia Answers
One
Climatic
Abiotic
Factor
Another
Climatic
Abiotic
Factor
One
Physiographic
abiotic
Factor
One
Edaphic
Abiotic
Factor
Any
other
Abiotic
Factor
Light,
Fire,
Temp,
Wind,
(Any
answer
on the
left)
Altitude, Soil
(any
Latitude, Texture, answer
on the
Topograph soil
composition left)
y
What is Symbiosis?
Ie) cowbirds & bison the bison stirs up insects for the cowbird.
Ie) birds nesting in trees - the birds benefit and the tree is unaffected.
Ie) Prairie dogs aerate the soil and increase rich plant growth and the
buffalo compacts the soil (better burrows) and keeps the plants short
so the prairie dogs can see predators.
Ie) Another example is the crab (provides protection) and the
stinging anemone (provides larger feeding area).
What is Competition?
Trivia
Write the type of relationship presented below
(commensalism, mutalism, parasitism,
predation, competition):
competition
1. Two peacocks display their feathers to a female
2. A lion attacks a wilderbeast
3. A ant provides protection; while a aphid provides
food
4. A tick sucks blood from a dog
5. A cowbird eats bugs on a cow; the cow is not
affected
BONUS: African Killer Bees introduced into North
America have no predators.
Answers
1. Competition
2. Predation
3. Mutalism
4. Parasitism
5. Commensalism
Bonus: Intrusion
What is Biomagnification?
Biomagnification is also
known as biological
amplification.
Biomagnification occurs
when a chemical
increases in
concentration as it
moves up the food
chain/web because the
chemical becomes stored
in the organisms tissues.
What is Biodiversity?
Biodiversity is the variety of ecosystems,
species and genes in an area. Boreal forests
and rain forests have more biodiversity.
Chapter 2: Populations
2.1 Primary Succession
2.2 Secondary Succession
2.3 Populations
2.4 Adaptations
2.5 Evolutionary Theory
What is succession?
The natural change in the types & numbers of species in a
community is called ecological succession.
1. First a pioneer community (first community), like bacteria
or lichen invades the ecosystem. Chemicals from the
lichens and bacteria, along with weathering break down
rocks into fertile soil.
2. Eventually plants species, like mosses and grass start to
grow in the soil.
3. Next herbs and flowers invade the grass community.
4. Shrubs begin to grow and out-compete the herbs and
grasses.
5. Eventually trees like poplars and spruce trees begin to
grow. This dominant, stable species is called the climax
community.
Galapagos Finches
Selection
pressures are
conditions such
as food &
habitat, which
result in new
adaptations/traits
5.
6.