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Lipids Powerpoint
Lipids Powerpoint
Functions of lipids
An energy source for respiration
Energy storage
Constituent of biological membranes
Insulation- e.g. whale blubber
Protection e.g. waxy cuticle in plants
Make up steroid hormones e.g.
testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone
Fatty acids
All fatty acids have an acid group at one end
(the same as on an amino acid)
The rest is a hydrocarbon chain, anything from
2-20 carbons long
The most common fatty acids Have 18 carbons
in the hydrocarbon chain
The terms unsaturated and polyunsaturated is
often used when discussing healthy foods.
Saturated fats are a feature of a poor diet.
A saturated fatty acid is one where all bonds
possible are made with hydrogen.
TRIGLYCERIDES
Respiration of these molecules requires the hydrolysis of
the ester bonds that hold the fatty acids and glycerol
together
Then both can be respired to carbon dioxide and water
which releases energy for the generation of ATP.
Lipids contain about twice the energy as the same amount
of carbohydrate.
Their insolubility means they can be stored in a compact
way without affecting the water potential of the cell
contents
The respiration of these molecules gives out more water
than carbohydrate.
This is metabolic water vital to many organisms.
Cholesterol structure
CHOLESTEROL
A small molecule made from 4 carbon
based rings which is found in al biological
membranes.
Its small, narrow structure and
hydrophobic nature allow it to sit between
the phospholipid hydrocarbon tails.
Here it regulates the fluidity of the
membrane.
Testosterone, oestrogen and vit D are
made from cholesterol
Lipids print
and annotate
Lipids
print and
annotate